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Natural Resources
Objectives:
Key Terms:
OTHER USES
Humans use natural resources for many activities in life. Often these natural resources are
nonrenewable. Transportation involves vehicles and fossil fuel to operate them. We use trans-
portation in our work and to move products to where they are needed. Education involves nat-
ural resources to construct school buildings, provide transportation, provide heating and air
conditioning in the school buildings, and light the classrooms and other facilities. Recreation
uses resources in the building and operation of boats, in the lighting and irrigation of sports
fields, and in hunting and fishing.
Almost every activity in our lives uses natural resources in some way. We depend on many
resources to make our lives comfortable. Look around your home. What products do you have
and use that involve natural resources? How would your life change if you suddenly no longer
had these products?
Billions
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7
6
5
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2
1
0
1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050
Years
FIGURE 2. World population trends, 1550 to 2050.
http://www.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html
FURTHER EXPLORATION…
ONLINE CONNECTION: What’s in a Cell Phone?
Can the contents of a cell phone be recycled? Cell phone users discard their telephones after an aver-
age use time of 18 months. Several hazardous substances are found in cell telephones. If not recycled,
these can enter the environment. Investigate the contents of cell telephones and prepare a short report on
your findings. (Particularly note if mercury, cadmium, lead, and Galium arsenide are present and investi-
gate the hazards of these substances in the environment. Be sure also to include other substances in your
report.)
Begin your investigation by searching for “cell phones” at the following Web sites:
http://www.worldwatch.org
http://www.informinc.org/
RECYCLING
Recycling is either using the material in a product to manufacture another product or
reusing the product. The kinds of materials most widely recycled are paper, iron and other
metals, plastics, and glass. Current estimates are that 42 percent of all paper is recycled, as are
55 percent of all aluminum cans and 40 percent of all plastic beverage bottles. Recycling saves
energy while helping sustain nonrenewable natural resources. It reduces the amount of mate-
rial that goes into landfills as waste.
Recycling procedures vary with the kind of material. Most materials must be sorted for uni-
formity. Different kinds of metals must be separated, such as copper from aluminum. Differ-
ent colors of glass must also be separated before being melted and manufactured into new
products. Recycling paper saves trees; and as we know, trees help keep air quality high and
lower the temperature in the summer on the earth’s surface.
Many cities have recycling centers or programs for waste materials. In some cases, a recycler
will pick up the materials at curbside. In other cases, the waste materials must be taken to a
REUSING
Reusing is a kind of recycling that does not require remanufacturing to gain a useful prod-
uct. Returnable bottles must be sterilized before reuse, but no additional manufacturing is
required. Paper boxes, milk distribution crates, and wooden pallets on which products are
shipped are three examples of reusable items. A simple reuse is to take a grocery bag back to
the store and pack groceries in it again.
Summary:
2 Humans require resources to live, prosper, and enjoy life. Some of these resources
are used to meet the basic human needs of food, clothing, and shelter. Other
resources are used to carry out daily activities, such as transportation, education, and
recreation. Resources should always be used wisely to assure that supplies will last
indefinitely.
Human population is increasing at a rate of 1.2 percent each year. Today, 6.5 billion
people live on the earth. Some 300 million live in the United States. Changes in
population result from migration and from birth and death rates. Life expectancy
has also increased markedly in the United States. Shifts of population from rural to
urban areas are reflected in migration. Greater numbers of people are concentrating
in large cities and suburban areas surrounding the cities. Large numbers concen-
trated in small areas result in considerable solid waste and wastewater.
Recycling can be used to reduce demand on natural resources. Paper, iron and
other metals, plastics, and glass are most frequently recycled. Recycling a product
often involves remanufacturing, whereas reusing a product does not.
´ 1. What are the three basic human needs? Briefly explain each.
2. What is human population?
3. What factors influence changes in population numbers? Briefly explain each.
4. What has been occurring in population shifts between rural and urban areas?
5. What is recycling? Why is it important?
6. What is the meaning of biodegradable? Give examples of materials that are bio-
degradable and materials that are not biodegradable.
L Use print media and/or the Internet to read and learn about the meaning and
importance of population control. Prepare a brief report.
Web Links: