© Vocational Training Council

Hong Kong Institute

of

Vocational Education

香港專業教育學院

HD in Civil Engineering

(EG114101)

Structural Analysis B
Notes :

1. The result of this examination will not be

counted if you do not meet the minimum (CON4335)
attendance requirement governed by the
General Academic Regulations of your
programme unless approval from the
Campus Principal has been granted.
2. This paper consists of TEN (10) pages AY 2015/16
including this cover page.
Semester One Examination
3. This question paper contains FIVE (5)
questions.
4. Answer any FOUR (4) questions. 2 January 2016
5. All questions carry EQUAL marks. 9:30 am – 11:30 am
6. Examination data is provided for
reference.
7. Graph papers will be provided separately.
8. The use of calculators not included in the
Approved List is prohibited.
9. All symbols have their usual meaning
unless otherwise defined.

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 1 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

Q.1 A truss with a pinned support at A and a roller support at C is subject to a set of
vertical and horizontal forces as shown in Figure Q1. It is given that the
modulus of elasticity (E) is 200 GPa and the cross-sectional area (A) of each
member is 1000mm2. It is required to use “Energy Method” to determine the
vertical displacement at joint D.

(a) Determine the internal force in each member of the truss caused by the
real loads. Use negative sign (-) and positive sign (+) to indicate the
compressive the tensile force respectively. (13 marks)

(b) Determine the internal force in each member of the truss caused by the
virtual load of 1 kN acting at D. Use negative sign (-) and positive sign (+)
to indicate the compressive the tensile force respectively. (8 marks)

(c) Calculate the vertical displacement of joint D. (4 marks)

[ Note : All calculated forces must be summarized in Table Q.1and detached for
submission together with your answer booklet. ]

100 kN 50 kN

E F G H
kghgsdffkk

A
B C D

All members are 10m in length

Figure Q1

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 2 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

Q.2 A set of external loads is acted on a steel beam ABCD with a constant flexural
rigidity (EI) as shown in Figure Q2. The beam has a fixed support at D and
roller supports at A and B. Given that modulus of elasticity (E) is 205GPa and
the moment of inertia (I) is 400*10-6 m4. Analyze the continuous beam ABCD
by using “Method of Consistent Deformation”..

(a) State the degree of statical indeterminacy. (3 marks)

(b) Sketch the primary structure for the steel beam by taking reactions at A and
B as redundants. (3 marks)

(c) Determine the reactions at supports A, B and D. (19 marks)

5kN/m 15kN

A
B C
D

5m 2m 2m 5m

Figure Q2

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 3 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

Q.3 A continuous beam ABCD with various flexural rigidity (EI) is subjected to
external loads as shown in Figure Q3. The beam has fixed supports at D and
roller supports at A, B and C. Analyze the continuous beam by using “Moment
Distribution Method”.

(a) Calculate the fixed end moments at the supports due to external loads.
(3 marks)

(b) Find the distribution factors at the joints. (7 marks)

(c) Determine the final member-end moments by moment distribution

method. (10 marks)

(d) Draw the bending moment diagram. (5 marks)

[Note: The calculations can be considered complete when the Balancing

Moments (Distributed Moments) are less than 0.1 kNm]

200 kN

60 kN/m 30 kN/m

A D
4.5EI B 2EI C 3EI

9m 3m 3m 6m

Figure Q3

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 4 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

Q.4 A continued beam with a fixed support at joint 3 and two roller supports at joint
1 and 2 respectively is subjected to external loads and relative flexural rigidities
are shown in Figure Q4. Use the Stiffness Method to determine:

(a) the fixed-end member forces; (4 marks)

(b) the load vector of the structure; (3 marks)

(c) the element stiffness matrices; (4 marks)

(d) the structure stiffness matrix; (8 marks)

(e) the unknown displacement of the joints; and (2 marks)

(f) the reactions at the supports. (4 marks)

Figure Q4

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 5 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

Q.5 A beam ABCD has a fixed support at A subjected to the loads as shown in
Figure Q5. The beam has a Young’s modulus of elasticity E = 205GPa and a
constant but unknown flexural rigidity. It is required to use “Energy Method”
to design the value of I such that the vertical deflection at point D can be
controlled within the design limit:

(a) Draw the bending moment diagram of the beam ABCD caused by real
loads. Indicate in the diagram all the equations of the bending moment
M(x) with reference to the given coordinate system with x originateing
from A as below. (12 marks)

(b) Draw the bending moment diagram of the beam ABCD caused by virtual
load of 1kN. Indicate in the diagram the equations of the bending moment
m(x). (6 marks)

(c) Use Method of Virtual Work to determine the smallest Moment of Inertia
I required for the beam so that the deflection at D does not exceed the
design limit of 1/360 of the span length. (7 marks)

200 kN
100kN/m

C
A I B I D
x
8m 2m 5m

Figure Q5

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 6 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

[A 1] Beam Deflection Table - 1 Exam. Data Sheet : Page 1

Reproduced from “ Statics and Strength of Materials ” by H.W. Morrow (1993), Prentice Hall

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 7 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

[A 2] Beam Deflection Table - 2 Exam. Data Sheet : Page 2

P Pbx 2 2
δx = (L − b − x2 ) 0≤ x≤a
6 LEI

a b
w wx
δx = (a 4 − 4a3 L + 4a 2 L2 + 2a 2 x 2 − 4aLx 2 + Lx3 ) 0≤ x≤a
24 LEI
wa 2
δx = (−a 2 L + 4 L2 x + a 2 x − 6 Lx 2 + 2 x3 ) a≤x≤L
a 24 LEI

P Px 2
δx = (3a − x) 0≤x≤a
6 EI
a b Pa 2
δx = (3 x − a ) a≤x≤L
6 EI
q qbx 2
δx = (3L + 3a − 2 x) 0≤x≤a
12 EI
a b q
δx = ( x 4 − 4 Lx 3 + 6 L2 x 2 − 4a 3 x + a 4 ) a≤x≤L
24 EI

[B] Fixed End Moment

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 8 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

[C] Element Stiffness Matrix:

(a) For Beam Element

 12 EI 6 EI 12 EI 6 EI 
 L3 −
L2 L3 L2 
 6 EI 4 EI 6 EI 2 EI 
 2 − 2 
k= L L L L 
− 12 EI 6 EI
− 2
12 EI
− 2 
6 EI
 L3 L L3 L
 6 EI 2 EI 6 EI 4 EI 
 2 − 2 
 L L L L 

(b) For Frame Element in Local Coordinate System

 AE AE 
 L 0 0 − 0 0 
L
 12 EI 6 EI 12 EI 6 EI 
 0 0 − 
 L3 L2 L3 L2 
 0 6 EI 4 EI
0
6 EI
− 2
2 EI 
 L2 L L L 
k= 
AE AE
− 0 0 0 0 
 L L 
 0 12 EI 6 EI 12 EI 6 EI 
− − 0 − 2
 L3 L2 L3 L 
 6 EI 2 EI 6 EI 4 EI 
 0 0 − 2 
 L2 L L L 

(c) For Frame Element in Global Coordinate System

  AE 2 12EI 2   AE 12EI  6EI  AE 2 12EI 2   AE 12EI  6EI 

 λx + 3 λ y   − 3 λ x λ y − 2 λy − λx + 3 λ y  −  − 3 λ x λ y − 2 λy 
  L L   L L  L  L L   L L  L 
  AE − 12EI λ λ  AE 2 12EI 2  6EI  AE 12EI   AE 2 12EI 2  6EI 
  L L3 
 x y 
 L
λ y + 3 λx 
L  L2
λx −
 L
− 3 λx λ y
L 
−
 L
λ y + 3 λx 
L  L2
λ x 
 6EI 6EI 4EI 6 EI 6EI 2EI 
 − 2 λy λx λ y − λ x
k=  L L2
L L2 L2 L 
  AE 2 12EI 2   AE 12EI  6EI  AE 2 12EI 2   AE 12EI  6EI 
−  λx + 3 λ y  −  − 3 λx λ y λy  λx + 3 λ y   − 3 λx λ y λy 
  L L   L L  L2  L L   L L  L2

  AE 12EI   AE 2 12EI 2  6 EI  AE 12EI   AE 2 12EI 2  6EI 
 −  L − L3 λx λ y − λ y + 3 λx  − 2 λ x  − 3 λ x λ y  λ y + 3 λx  − 2 λx 
    L L  L  L L   L L  L 
 6EI 6EI 2EI 6 EI 6EI 4EI 
− 2 λy λx λ y − λ x
 L L2 L L2 L2 L 

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 9 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT
© Vocational Training Council

You MUST complete the following table and attach in your answer book
for answering question Q.1
Programme Code : EG114101
Programme Title : Higher Diploma in Civil Engineering
Module Code : CON4335
Module Title : Structural Analysis B

Student Name : _______________________________________

Student I.D. No. : _______________________________________

Table Q.1

Member N (kN) n (kN) L (m) NnL

AB
BC
CD
AE
BE
BF
CF
CG
DG
DH
EF
FG
GH
Σ=

All notations bear their usual meanings.

- End of Paper –

Structural Analysis B (CON4335) Page 10 of 10

AY 2015/16 Semester One Exam [EG114101] FT