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Magnetic Particle Testing

• When a ferromagnetic
material is magnetised the
flux lines flow inside the
component
• When there is a discontinuity
in the material there is flux
leakage
• The leaking flux attracts a
magnetic medium resulting in
an indication.

MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING

Types of magnetisation LONGITUDINAL MAGNETISATION

• Longitudinal Magnetisation COIL METHOD YOKE METHOD.

• Circular Magnetisation
o AC Magnetisation
o DC Magnetisation
o HWDC magnetisation

Types of Magnetisation - Circular

Magnetisation MAGNETIC MEDIUM
vDry
HEAD SHOT METHOD
vWet

• Fluorescent
– Requires Ultra violet lamp in darkened area
– More sensitive than
• Non – Fluorescent
PROD METHOD CENTRAL CONDUCTOR

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CURRENT REQUIREMENTS Magnetic Medium - Dry

• Head Shot , Central conductor – 1000 A /
• Medium about 30 – 50
1”dia microns
• Prod – 100- 125 A per inch prod spacing – • Mixture of spherical and
2- 8 inches Normally 6 “ elongated powders
• Coil Testing : NI = 45000 / ( L/d) • Spherical shape helps in
mobility
N- no of turns, I current Dry Medium
• Elongated shape helps in
L Length ( 18” max ) D - dia of job alignment to magnetic
field

STAGES OF MAGNETIC
MAGNETIC MEDIUM - WET
PARTICLE TESTING
• Oxides of iron used in • Pre - Cleaning
suspension with water, • Magnetisation
kerosene, petroleum oil.
• Size : 20- 30 microns
• Applying magnetic medium
• More sensitive than dry • Inspection
medium • Post cleaning
• Demagnetization

Magnetic Particle Testing

PROD METHOD

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KETO RING

MAGNETIC FIELD MAGNETIC FIELD

DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION

Magnetic field Magnetic

within article material

DISTORTED FIELD Magnetisation

• Magnetisation to be applied in two
mutually perpendicular direction
• Magnetic medium to be applied when the
magnetisation is ‘ON’
• Adequacy of field to be checked by field
indicator ( Pie Gage )
• Magnetic medium could be wet or dry /
Fluorescent or non-fluorescent

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MT
MT NON-RELEVANT INDICATION
NON-RELEVANT INDICATION
LOW PERMEABILITY
(HARD )

HIGH PERMEABILITY (SOFT)

MT MT
NON-RELEVANT INDICATION False Indication

Carbide
tip

Tool
Indication

Demagnetisation MT Indications
• Residual magnetism affects
further operation such as
welding.
• Demagnetisation is
preferably done with AC
• Object is moved slowly
away from coil
• After demagnetisation
residual magnetism is
checked with gauss meters

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MT Indications MT Indications

MT Indications MT INDICATIONS

MT INDICATIONS MT INDICATIONS

Forging Burst

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MT INDICATIONS MT INDICATIONS

MT INDICATIONS MT INDICATIONS

MT INDICATIONS
Ligament crack

THANK YOU

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PIE-GAUGE CURRENT REQUIREMENT

LONGITUDINAL FIELD

GROOVE BLOCK

CIRCULAR FIELD

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