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TISSUE
ORGAN
SYSTEM
ORGANISM
CELL
Cell is functional unit of life
Cell is composed of
70-85 % of water
Proteins 10-20%
Lipids 2-10%
Carbohydrates 1-6%
Parts of cell
CELL MEMBRANE
CYTOPLASM
NUCLEUS
Guess who ?
CELL MEMBRANE
Also known as BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE,
PLASMA MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASMIC
MEMBRANE
Lipids 20-40%
SURFACTANT
CARBOHYDRATE-BLOOD
GROUPING
nag
H-Ag
gal
PROTEINS
BASED ON
BASED ON THEIR
NATURE LOCATION
Enzymes Channel
Carriers
Ion NT Enzymes cytoskeleton
Pumps
channel receptor
Arrangement of lipids
Bimolecular
thickness of lipid’s
arranged in cell
membrane as the
hydrophilic head
end(polar) facing
exteriorly and
hydrophobic tail
end(non polar)
facing interiorly
Function of cell membrane
Selective permeability:
R
N
A
DNA isChromosome
the map for inheritable disease proteins
= DNA + Supporting
NUCLEOLUS:
genetic materials arranged densely here and it’s site of
RNA synthesis
Functions of nucleus
Protein synthesis
Cellular reproduction
CYTOPLASM AND IT’S ORGANELLES
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
GOLGI APPARATUS
MITOCHONDRIA
LYSOSOMES
PEROXISOMES
CENTROSOMES
SECRETION GRANULES
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
They are complex of series tubules whose walls are made of
unit of membrane
SMOOTH ER ROUGH ER
Misfolded proteins
Prions dis
Alzhiemers
Golgi apparatus (post master)
Collection of membranous tubules and vesicles
found always close to nucleus
Protein synth by ER
WRAPING / PACKING BY
GA
vesicles
TARGETED SITE
Mitochondria
They are energy house of a cell
Outer
membrane
provide raw
materials
LUFT’S DISEASE
✔ Muscle weakness
✔ Degenerative lesions of the brain
✔ Lactic acidosis
LYSOSOMES
Lysosomes with acid hydrolase enzymes known
as lysozymes
Hydrolytic
enzyme
Examples of various acid hydrolases
Ribonuclease RNA
DNAase DNA
Glycosidase Carbohydrates
Collagenase Collagen
Lysosomal storage disorder
✔ ALCOHOL DETOXIFICATION
DISEASES OF PEROXISOMES
1) ZELLWEGER SYNDROME
3) BROWN-SCHILDER’S DISEASE
4) PRIMARY HYPOXALURIA
5) VITILIGO
CENTROSOMES
2 Short cylinder like structures visible only
during cell division
MITOCHONDRIA LYSOSOME
LUFT’S DISEASE
Fabry disease
ZELLWEGER SYNDROME
Niemann pick disease
Hurler disease
PRIMARY HYPOXALURIA
Pompe disease
BROWN-SCHILDER’S
DISEASE
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS…
Cell membrane
a. Channel
b. Pumps
c. Enzyme
d. Carriers
Match the following
i. 1-c,2-a,3-b
ii. 1-b,2-c,3-a
iii. 1-c,2-b,3-a
Twin organelles are ?
Thank you…