Hobbes had this uncanny ability to deduce the best of both the worlds.

Context is of Dawn of
Market Economy in England replacing the status quo of feudal and aristocratic systems, and
taking inspiration from the history of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides in which collapse of
Athenian Democracy is etched, Hobbes took the repetition of history as warnings against the
Threats to Sovereignty and Crown. Hobbes invented a new method to justify the Authority of the
State, inspired through Galileo, Hobbes applied Galileo's method breaking down complex
systems into simpler elements and reconstructing it, to human society.
Considering the Breaking down of Society into its simplest we see individuals sparring for self-
preservation and consolidation of power, which is perpetual, the restless striving of power after
power.
Before civilized society, the situation was every man for himself where is no common power,
there is no law. When there is no law, no injustice. In this ‘state of nature,’ life is solitary, nasty,
poor, short and brutish.

Man’s existence is worthless. When a death in war is likely outcome than victory and life. When
you realize these inevitable realities he can make agreements of peace with his neighbour. He
will be forced to give up his rights to absolute freedom and be contented with so much liberty
against other men as he would allow other men against himself. We can make contracts like
these and avoid the fear of death and attacks.
But this is unsatisfactory as there is constant distrust and whoever breaks contract first will win
domination over the other “Covenants(contracts) without a Sword are nothing but words of
no strength to secure a man at all”.So to give backing of swords to these contracts all men
must make a contract with a power they share, one that holds a sword over all of them, This
creates” that great leviathan or rather to speak more reverently, of that mortal god, to which we
owe our peace and defence”.
This is how Hobbes reconstructed the deconstructed Society. And this forms the basis of State
and its authority. For without a state, we would be in a “State of Nature”, where every man is at
war with every other man.
According to Hobbes, there are only two likely circumstances wherein a Man breaks his contract
with the State.
1-When Fear of Death becomes a motive for resisting the state itself since that was the main
reason for which Man made the contract with the State in the first place.
2-When State utterly fails to perform the task for which it was created in the first place, which is
protecting the lives of its own citizens.

Hobbes doesn’t think there is ‘Ultimate good’,’Utmost aim’ or ‘ Greater good’ as spoken by
old philosophers.No, For Hobbes, Morality is a practical phenomenon. If you want A, you ought
to do B.
Hobbes concluded that “If you want to avoid death, then you ought to contract with a
sovereign to protect you from death at other’s hand, Until such time as the Sovereign is no
longer able to perform this service”.
That is if you want to avoid death, you are supposed to make a contract with a sovereign.

Hobbes theory of Contracts is particularly relevant in the world we live in.

For example, when the USA under the Obama Administration made a contract with Iran,
regarding Nuclear disarmament, Iran was asked to stop all activities of Uranium enrichment,
when Iran Nuclear Deal was signed with member nations of EU, USA, China, Russia, France,
UK. They were paid enough cash to allocate domestic resources to the development of social life
of its citizens rather than being a military state with no stable economy, It was agreed that
stringent economic sanctions imposed by the USA on Iran's export of oil will be relaxed in due
time as Iran Nuclear Deal would be honoured.
Iran wasn't so interested in honouring the contract, as they themselves played the game of
diplomacy too shallow that they continued with their nuclear ambitions in developing low yield
enriched uranium bombs, intercontinental ballistic missiles that could carry nuclear warheads. If
the middle east has a nuclear state with ambitions of expansion,as it is evident from proxy wars
against Saudi through Yemen, funding the disintegration of Jewish state Israel, creating unrest in
Libya for Oil price domination,then it poses a security threat to whole of middle east and the
world,as oil procurement needs of the whole world are met from middle east. Because Iran
Nuclear Deal was a weak framework with economic sanctions doing the very least for forcing
compliance from the Iranian Regime to forgo nuclear dreams, It is a prime example of Hobbes
quote about covenants being nothing but words without swords.
Another example would be North Korea and Pakistan.
DPRK(Democratic Peoples Republic of North Korea), for decades, have evaded submission
to the west regarding nuclear ambitions and was able to successfully detonate nuclear bombs for
showing its might. Because NK never signed a nuclear deal with any of UNSC nations and
played the dodging diplomacy amidst severe economic sanctions from all major powers, It has to
be understood that is a diplomatic failure of the west to curb nuclear ambitions of the NK to
focus its resources for the welfare, prosperity of its citizens and to infuse values like freedom of
speech, tolerance etc. Besides the photo ops done by various US presidents with North Korean
Regime, nothing significant has come out from any of the bilateral meetings North Korea had
with world leaders, to convince the supreme leaders of DPRK not to pursue nuclear ambitions
vigorously.
Regarding Pakistan as an example, it continues to promote terror, funding suicide attacks in
Europe, India, USA, South East Asia, once an ally of USA to fight terror in Afghanistan is also a
volatile and dangerous state whose state policy is radical Islamic terrorism. While the United
Nations and its member nations are privy of the ambitions of the hysterical nuclear proxy
military regime in Pakistan, no significant steps have been taken to end Pakistan's foreign policy
of exporting terror training, jihad to the rest of the world. Even World nations hold bilaterals to
improve the lives of Pakistani citizens by signing trade deals to provide jobs, improve wages and
socio-economic indicators, Pakistan continues to find itself in unchartered waters every now and
then with a looming economic breakdown. Because Pakistan shares borders with many nations,
an unstable, irresponsible neighbour nation with nuclear capabilities is a threat to millions of its
own citizens and other nations.UN with its weak framework has no capability to enforce any sort
of compliance on Pakistan just as Hobbes had summarised about covenants without swords.