PART I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

English is the language used by almost every person in the world. at the
present time, learning English is very important. English language is not only used
to talk to the west, but has become a requirement to enter the world of work.
children in schools in Asian countries, must learn English. There is so much
discussion in English.but that will be discussed in this paper is about the adjective
clause. Adjective clause is a very important discussion because it is very often
used both in conversation especially in the writing of English

When we talk about the grammar of a language then that comes to mind is
how to arrange the words contained in the language into a series of meaningful ,
which can be understood both by the speakers and the hearing . Therefore, learn
grammar in English is to learn how to use the word in a standard sentence patterns
in English. Adjective clause is one of the grammar in English , which is very
important to make a standard sentence in English.

Grammar and structure are important things in english. We must

understanding well about verb, adjective, adverb, noun, pronoun, prepossition etc.
Discuss and sharing to increase our knowledge especially in structure and
grammar. Make us can identiffy if our structure in english is wrong so that we can
improve be better. Grammar also is lingustic tool that determines the rules for
presenting sentences correctly.

It is easy for the learners of English, if they really recognize or recall what
the words and its family mean. For the example, I, me, my, mine, my self, see,
saw,seen,etc. Moreover it is complete enough for them that they can also
differentiate the part of speech of those words. The part of speech consists of noun,
verb, adjective, adverbial, prepositional, pronoun, conjunctions etc.In many
languages there is one lexical category whose primary function is to modify noun.
This category is generally labeled Adjective .

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 In studying English, there are many things that must be known and
understood beforehand in order to understand beforehand. There are various kinds,
one of which is part of the word spoken or in English is called Part of Speech. In
English grammar, Parts of Speech is classified into eight types of words which are
classified based on what he shows Noun, Pronoun, Adjective, Verb, Adverb,
Preposition, Conjunction, and Interjection.

Therefore, the author presents a brief description that will be presented in

this paper so that readers understand and can be understood. In mastering English
conversation, we must first understand grammar. Therefore in this paper the
clause part called the adverb clause is discussed. About clauses are important
things to learn as a master start,

1.2 PROBLEM OF THE STUDY

a) What is the definition of adjective clause?

b) What are types of adjective clause?
c) How is the position of adjective clause?

1.3 PURPOSE

a) To know definition of adjective clause

b) To kow types of adjective clause
c) To know the position of adjective clause

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 PART II
CONTENT

2.1 Definition of Adjective Clause

Adjective clause is a group of words which contains a Subject and

Predicate of its own, and does the work of an adjective. Adjective clauses can be
reduced to adjective phrases under certain grammatical conditions. In the
examples below, you will see a noun modified by an adjective clause and then an
example of the same noun modified by the shorter adjective phrase. Adjective
clauses always begin with either a pronoun or an adverb.

 Pronouns: who, which, that, whom, whose

 Adverbs: why, where, when

2.2 Types of Adjective Clause

Adjective clause is divided into two types namely Relative Pronoun and
Relative Adverb.

2.2.1 Relative Pronoun

2.2.1.1 Relative Pronoun as Subject (“ who”, “which”, and “that”)
Who "is used to replace the phrase" people "who are domiciled as a
subject, while" which "is used to replace the phrase" objects "or" animals
"that are domiciled as subjects and" that "is used to replace the phrases"
people "," animals "or" objects "as subject.
Example:
- The man is my close friend
- He helped you yesterday
 The man who (that) helped you is my close friend.

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 2.2.1.2 Relative Pronoun as Object (“whom”, “which”, and “that”)
"Whom" is used to replace the phrase "person" which is located as
an object, "which" is used to replace the phrase "object" or "animal" which
is an object and both can be replaced with that (person, animal or animal).
In informal conditions, "who" can be used as an alternative to replacing
"who".
Example:
- The dog was dead
- I kick it yesterday
 The dog that(which) I kick yesterday was dead

2.2.1.3 Relative Pronoun as Possessive ( “whose”, and “of which”)

"Whose" is used to replace ownership in the form of "person",
"thing", or "animal" while "of which" is for ownership of "object" or
"animal".
Example:
- I have got a friend
- His brother is an actor
 I have got a friend whose brother is an actor
In addition, "who", "which" and "whose" can also be used after
pronoun in the form of quantity or number, such as: some of, many of,
most of, none of, one of, two of, half of, both of , neither of, each of, all of,
several of, a few of, aa little of, a number of, and others. Whereas the
punctuation "punctuation" used in this structure is comma punctuation (,).
Example:
- In my class, there are 20 students
- Most of them are from East Java
 In my class, there are 20 students, most of whom are from
East Java

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2.2.2 Relative Adverb
2.2.2.1 Relative Adverb as Adverd of Place (“where”, “that”, dan
“in/at/on which”)
Where is used in the adjective clause to replace the word place
(city, country, room, house, etc). If "where" is used, the word
"preposition" of the sentence is omitted. However, on the contrary if
"where" is not used but uses other pronouns, then "preposition" must be in
the sentence.
Example:
- The small town has grown to a large metropolis
- I was born there
 The small town where I was born has grown to a large
metropolis
 The small town in which I was born has grown to a large
metropolis
 The small town which I was born in has grown to a large
metropolis
 The small town that I was born has grown to a large
metropolis
The use of prepositions in (in "which") depends on the type of
noun used in the antecedant, because the noun is a town, so the preposition
used is in, and so on.

2.2.2.2 Relative Adverb as Adverd of Time: “when”

The word "when" in the Adjective Clause is used to replace the
adverbs of time (nouns of time). Such as: year, day, time, century, etc.
Different from "where" in this pronoun, if in the sentence the
pronoun is the answer using the word "which" then before the word
"which" must be propped up with the word "preposition".
Example:
- I’ll never forget the day

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 - I met you
 I’ll never forget the day when I met you

2.2.2.3 Relative Adverb as Adverd of Reason:”why”

The word "why" which shows a reason, which is the link of
Adverb, can sometimes be replaced by "that" or sometimes it can be
omitted in the sentence.
Example:
- I’ll never forget the day
- I met you
 I’ll never forget the day when I met you
 The reason that I fall for you
 The reason I fall for you
In formal english. Often the Adjective Clause is used in the noun +
of which pattern. In this pattern the Adjective Clause usually explains
something.
Example:
- We have an antique table
- the top of it has jade inlay
 We have an antique table, the top of which has jade inlay

2.3 POSITION OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

The normal position of an adjective clause is immeditelyafter the
noun or pronoun to which it refers. However, sometimes a prepositional a
participal phrase may intervene-He greetedall his old friends from Paris, who
were delighted to see him again. Where such a phrase intervenes, the antecedent
of the adjective clause may be ambiguous. For example, in the sentence The Dean
wrote to the parents of the students who had helped with the annual carnival, it is
not clear whether the antecedent of who is the parents or the students.
Occasionally an adjective clause referring to the subject comes
after the verb, especially when the antecedent is a pronoun-Everyone came who

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could afford the price of the ticket. Such a construction may have a literary or
even an archaic flavor:
All’s well that ends well (Shakespeare)
He prayeth best who loveth best (Coleridge)

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING
3.1 Conclucion
Adjective clause is a group of words which contains a Subject and
Predicate of its own, and does the work of an adjective.Adjective clauses can be
reduced to adjective phrases under certain grammatical conditions. In the
examples below, you will see a noun modified by an adjective clause and then an
example of the same noun modified by the shorter adjective phrase. The red dots
indicate that the main clause is incomplete as you are focusing only on clause-to-
phrase reduction in these examples. For such reductions to occur, the relative
pronoun must be a subject pronoun in all cases.

3.2 Suggestion
From the results of writing this paper, the authors hope that readers read
more books about "adjective clause" in order to gain extensive knowledge and are
more interested in learning English. Because the author feels that this paper is far
from perfect and there are still many shortcomings in terms of writing or
discussion. Therefore, we sincerely hope that criticism and suggestions can
improve our lack of knowledge and can make us understand more about English
grammar and its structure, especially regarding Adjective Clause.