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SEPARATION:
FILTRATION
Charles L. Cooney
Downstream
Processing Course
FILTRATION THEORY
Poiseulle’s Law
1 dV ∆P
=
A dt µ ( R m + Rc )
Filtration Rate
Broth Resistance to Flow
Viscosity
1 dV ∆P
= α ' ∆P S W
A dt µ( A )
d p ( ρp − ρs )
2
VS = gc
18µ
Filtration Rate
dV k∆P
= 2
dt VS 0
S0=K’(1/Dp)2
S02 = K’’/Dp4
4
dV k0 ∆PD
=
p
dt V
Mechanism of
Flocculation
• Particle bridging
• Charge neutralization
• Charge patch
neutralization
Net Force Force Magnitude
- - - -
1. Repulsion F1 F2 (1-x1)(1-x2)
- ++ - + -
2. Attraction F1 F2 x1(1-x2)
3. Attraction - ++ - - +
F1 F2 (1-x1)x2
4. Repulsion - ++ ++ - + +
F1 F2 x1x2
K1 K2 Langmuir Isotherm
N S
+ x= =
Species 1 Species 2 Na K+S
Divalent Ion
Extraction 97%