Abstract:

This study was carried out to investigate the issues of time management by the
students in Grade 12 Seastar in terms of what
activities were done as a schedule of daily life in priority order and how much time was
allocated and spend in each prioritized activities as sealed in five Linkert scale basis
ranging from never to more than fifteen hours. The research design implied for the
study was a phenomenological study where time was taken as a phenomenon. The data
was collected via purposive participatory observation. The time duration of the study
was one week. The data was analyzed qualitatively but the presentation was made in
pyramid diagram to some extent. There were three Research questions led by two
research objectives. The result revealed that study, social media, Sleeping/Rest, Eating
and Drinking, Travelling, Grooming, Leisure/sports and Working for job-related
activities as the top priority activities as the perception of students. The core activities
were divided into the time interval series scales including Never, 1-5 Hours, 6-10
Hours, 11-15 Hours and above than 15 Hours. The above table shows that more than
80% of students have the time allocation to study in the range of 6-10 hours and 20%of
students enjoy the time less than 6 hours. Maximum students have reported having the
time utilization on the use of social media from 1-5 hours’ time allocation.80%of
students were founded to use the time to have the talk with teachers and friends in the
range of 1-5 hours whereas 20% student consumed the time for communication about
the range 6-10 hours. Almost all students were reported to have not regular physical
exercise for their health and 20% students have used about 1-5 hours of time for
physical exercise. During the campus hours and the days all students have used about
1-5 hours on campus and in the days of off-campus, more than 80% of students were
allocating their time in off-campus activities in the range of more than 11 hours.
Introduction
The secret to achieving success or failure in life is effectively managing this
resource
that everyone possesses equally and paying sufficient emphasis to planning (Macan,
Shahani, Dipboye & Phillips, 2000). Though effective and efficient use of time varies
with respect to the tasks performed, the further increase in the level of knowledge and
skills expected from modern employees has further increased the necessity of time
planning. The road to success in social life passes through effective and efficient
working which is only possible via time management. The competitive environment we
live in today encourages people from as early as their elementary education to plan and
manage time effectively. The high performance required by competitive conditions
forces organizations and directors to use time effectively and stipulates the search to
control time (Alay & Koçak, 2003).
Time management plays a vital role in improving student’s academic
performance and achievements. Each and every student should have time management
ability which includes setting goals & priorities, using time management mechanism
and being organized in using time. Here time management is only possible through
self-motivation; performance, ability and motivation (Brigitte, Claessens, Eerde, &
Rutte, 2005). These are the few activities performed by today’s university students,
which act as a barrier between them and their academic performance. Due to miss
management of time, they gap behind. This study will help to analyze the positive or
negative impact of time management on academic performance of students. It will also
help to make some decision about changes we would like to make to use our time more
effectively (Noftle, Robins & Richard, 2007). There is no one right way to manage our
time; however; it is important to get to know our self, so we can make good decisions
about how to use our time. Likewise, in the process of providing educational services,
this issue has been a subject of interest discussed and emphasized in several platforms
and an attempt has been initiated to assess and analyze time and the time management
attitudes and behaviors of students in educational institutes (Denlinger, 2009).
In developing countries where students have a lot of issues during academic
journey have a new story for the researcher to dig out much more interesting results.
Time management practices have an impact on the results of students as empirical
studies done by past researchers. In spite of knowing about the impact of time on
academic achievement, this relationship is not given importance by the students (Sevari
& Kandy, 2011). At higher education level the study schedule must properly
planned, implemented and controlled for better results. Emphasizing time also help o develop
cost effective educational policies by the authorities especially at higher education level
(Kaushar, 2013). Ongoing problem of scarcity of knowledge in connection with time
management and academic outputs is due to lack of easiness and

of costly ways of collecting data. Driven by this fact, particular emphasis has been paid
in the modern education system to time management issues by evaluating students’
attitudes and behaviors related to time and its management (Karim, Sevari, Mitra &
Kandy, 2015). Based on the necessity of effective time management required from
students during their academic and professional life, field research has been conducted
in the present paper towards the aim of designating their position with respect to
effective time management and determining the effect of their time management skills
on their academic achievement.
Problem statement
Time management has a significant impact on the lives of the students commonly for
those who are studying in the higher education institutions where there is no direct
existence of parent and teacher supervision. The issue of time management of students
needs to be answered in terms of what are the major activities in which the students are
spending their time and in what extent. This statement was taken as a problem
statement in this study.
Research questions
The study was focused to find the answers of the following questions:
What is the condition of time management of Grade 12 Seastar students?
How they are managing their daily life in terms of time management?
What are the major activities as perceived by students in context of time
management?
Objectives of the study
The following objectives were the keys of the research:
To find out the priority areas of activities as perceived by students while
Managing time.
To analyze the extent of time they are using in particular activities.
Scope and Limitations
The research was cared in the closed environment and limited boundary with small number
of samplings including the short span of time duration only in MENU hostel.

The context scope of the study focuses in findings wether time management was a great
help for the students academic performance of the students regardless to their age, gender, time
management level and academic performance.

Aside from the respondents profile, some of the Grade 12 students would be randomly
selected as the respondents of the study.

Gathering data was through survey questionnaire the data would be taken from the answer
of the respondents in the administered survey questionnaire, which would be used to distinguish
the respondents profile and be able to determine the significant relationship of time management
to the academic performance of the Grade 12 students of Tabunan National High School.
Null Hyphothesis
It was a common knowledge that time management had nothing to do with the academic
performance of the students. However, the researcher has this mental reservation that someday,
somehow that time management in many ways can affect the academic performance of the
students. Hence, in this research was titled TIME MANAGEMENT and ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE of the GRADE 12-s-SEASTAR STUDENTS of TABUNAN NATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOL YEARː 2019‑2020 ːholds the assumption that time management would likely to
affect the academic performance of the students.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The findings of this study would determine the significant relation between time
management and academic performance of the Grade 12-Seastar students of Tabunan National
High School. This study would help the students how to manage their time to improving and
attaining good academic performance.
 CHAPTER 2REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the related literature and studies after the thorough and in-depth
search done by the researchers. This will also present the synthesis of the art, theoretical and
conceptual framework to fully understand the research to be done and lastly the definition
of terms for better comprehension of the study.

Related Literature

Tracer study is an approach which widely being used in most organization especially in the
educational institutions to track and to keep record of their students once they have graduated
from the institution. Through tracer study, an institution able to evaluate the quality of education
given to their graduates by knowing the graduates placements and positions in the society which
later can be used as a benchmark in producing more qualified and competitive graduates. There
are books that we can use as a tool for studying different aspects of educationand for studying the
pres

ent topic which is “

A Tracer Study on The Employment Status of AB Journalism Graduates Batches 2009-

2012.In the book Employment and Career Opportunities after Graduation by Arcelo andSanyal,
the existence of a huge number of educated unemployed can lead to a certain amount of political
instability in a country, for they being among the educated class and knowledgeable about the
privileges society can offer, feel doubly deprived. In this matter, the analysis of the
unemployment situation in the Philippines shown that the young graduates is still in the job-
hunting stage.

This book is concerned to the graduates of AB Journalism that will be hunting jobs
after they graduated. Also, if the trainings and learnings in the journalism program will be used
on the jobs suited for them. The book The Philippine Labor Code, An employer has a right to
select his employees and to decide when to engage them. He has a right under the law to full
freedom in employing any person free to accept employment from him, and this, except as
restricted by valid statute or valid contract, at a wage and under conditions agreeable to them.
 This author want to give in sights about the rights between the employee and employer
with regards to the employment that should be given to any person to be employed. This will
distinguish the importance of being employed and the choice in choosing a job that are desired to
apply in. The Philippines may go beyond the standing of employment in the country, rights and
importance should be understood. As specified in the book of Labor Economics by Cristobal
M.Pagoso, it state that in view of low literacy rates in rising unemployment in developing
countriesit has become imperative that greater educational opportunities should be provided for
the great proportion of adult population as well as the large number of youth outside the formal
school system to help them acquire further knowledge and skill thereby improve their livelihood
and strengthen the country.

As a student of AB Journalism, one thing we must be considered is the notion that theres
no age matter when it comes to job offerings because in the field of working, to be fair to any
person who are capable of jobs is a factor to be employed. From the book Contemporary Social
Problems and Issues, stated that the educational levels and literacy rates of workers in the
Philippines are among the highest in Asia, but technical, manual and managerial are poorly
developed and in short supply. There is an over-abundance of college graduates that most
especially in Manila area were in the field of education, law and other professionals exceed in
demand to find employment appropriate to his educational training.

The authors wants to show on how did the graduates of journalism will used heir skills
and trainings to gained and developed the technical, manual and managerial skills that Filipino
workers are lack of. This is the realization that even college graduates may find it difficult to be
employed if they are not well-equipped of trainings and programs that their college had. In the
book the Philippine Labor Code by CesAzucena, whenever the public interest requires, the
Secretary of Labor may direct all persons or entities within the coverage of this Title to submit a
report on the status of employment, including job vacancies, details of job requisitions, separation
from job wages, other terms and conditions, and other employment data.

This will make job seekers to be aware of job vacancies as well as the job suitable
for them. This will also give awareness to the public to know the standing of the employment in
our country. Employment is the capacity of an individual to showcase his talent and to use the
trainings gathered in course program, Thomas Powers on his book “Educating for Careers” stated
the notion that marketable skills provided todays crop of workers employment opportunities.

The statement of Powers is relevant to the present study because he pointed out that
education is very important in having the marketability and general skills needed in finding an
appropriate job. In this study, it helps to develop such skills among the college graduates for them
to find or to get an appropriate job. Robert W. McIntosh on his book.

“Employee Management Standards” aimed to determine that the employees performance

on the job and attitude about the job would depend on the degree to which the manager fulfills
the needs.

The author associated that to the employees that will look at the performance and attitude
towards the job that will be strongly affected by the degree on where the superior may reach the
fulfillment on the job desires.

The book, Unemployment and the Dual Labor Market stressed that the unemployment isthe
outgrowth of a process of job search where workers have limited information about the
labor market. On the other hand, people who first begin looking for jobs lack basic information
will help the graduates to disseminate the rejection of jobs to higher expectations.

This book mainly wants to view that job searching is a wide-process action where in job-seekers
should gain more knowledge or information that will reaches their satisfaction on what and where
to find jobs that will bring out their profession. McIntosh, in his book Practicing Better Human
Relations aimed to determine that the

quality of a persons work life should improve as more and more needed values are satisfy by

that individuals job and career progression.

This will assess that the employee must improve the quality of work life in determining the
aspects of work situation for AB Journalism
graduates. Also, this will relate to how the graduates progress their career as graduates of the ABj
ournalism program. Philippine society nowadays has encountered so many problems in terms of
labor or employment. As it is stated in the book, Labor- only contracting in a “cabo” economy
that someeconomist would justify labor- only contracting as our only weapon to remain
competitive.

Therefore, some of the workers are seeking for better employment opportunities abroad
for a high salary. In the case of the graduates nowadays, their first problem is seeking job after
graduation. Knowingly that it is very hard to find a job suitably to their graduated course right
away after graduation that may cause to trigger them to work not aligned to the profession hey
graduate for their usual reason is the salary that they can get right away. Some go abroad to find
their destiny or for some reason that they will get a high salary than to continue their profession
as a Journalist if there is no salary increase