REVIEWER IN GEOMETRY

1ST QUARTER: TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS/ ACUTE AND NON-ACUTE

ANGLES AND RIGHT TRIANGLES

Angles To find the least positive coterminal angle of each measure:

 The measure of an angle is determined by rotating a ray
starting at one side of the angle. The initial side, to the
position of the other side, the terminal side.
 A counter clockwise rotation generates a positive
measure, and a clockwise rotation generates a negative
measure. The rotation can consist of more than one
revolution.
positive
1. If the measurment of an angle is NEGATIVE, add 360 (NOT
SUBTRACT) until it reaches the measurement from 0°-359°
Ex. -675° + 360 = -315° + 360 = 45°
2. If an angle measures from 0° to 359°, just add one
revolution (360°)
Ex. 68° + 360 = 428°
3. If an angle measures from 360° and above, just subtract
360 until it reaches the measurement from 0°-359°
Ex. 1024° - 360 = 664° - 360 = 304°
Six Trigonometric Functions

negative sinΘ = y/r cscΘ = r/y

cosΘ = x/r secΘ = r/x
tanΘ = y/x cotΘ = x/y

Degree Measure
Trigonometric Function on Quadrantal Angles
 Degree (°) –most common unit for measuring angles
 Portions of a degree have been measured with minutes
sinΘ cosΘ tanΘ cscΘ secΘ cotΘ
and seconds
 One minute (1’) is 1/60 of a degree 0° 0 1 0 Undef. 1 Undef.
 One second (1”) is 1/60 of a minute 90° 1 0 Undef. 1 Undef. 0
180° 0 -1 0 Undef. -1 Undef.
Degree, Minute, Second to Decimal Degree
270° -1 0 Undef. -1 Undef. 0
Ex. 80°45’ = 80.75°
360° 0 1 0 Undef. 1 Undef.
45’/60 = .75
Decimal Degree to Degree, Minute, Second
Ex. 120. 38° = 120°22’48” Reciprocal Indentities
.38*60 = 22.8
.8*60 = 48 1. sinΘ = 1/ cscΘ
2. cosΘ = 1/ secΘ
Standard Position and Coterminal Angles
 Standard Postion- its vertex at the origin and its initial 3. tanΘ = 1/ cotΘ
side lies on the positive x-axis 4. cscΘ = 1/ sinΘ
 Quadrantal Angles – terminal side on x-axis or y-axis
5. secΘ = 1/ cosΘ
6. cotΘ = 1/ tanΘ
Quadrant II Quadrant I
Pythagorean Identities

x² + y² = r²
Quadrant III Quadrant IV
1. 1 + tan²Θ = sec²Θ
2. cot²Θ + 1 = csc²Θ
3. cos²Θ + sin²Θ = 1

 Coterminal Angles- share the same initial and terminal

side Quotient Identities
1. sinΘ/cosΘ = tanΘ
45°
2. cosΘ/ sinΘ =cotΘ
765°
 REVIEWER IN GEOMETRY
1ST QUARTER: TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS/ ACUTE AND NON-ACUTE
ANGLES AND RIGHT TRIANGLES

Right Triangle based definitions of Trigonometric csc 30 = 2

Functions sec 30 = 2√3/3
cot 30 = √3
r
y = opposite to A sin 60 = √3/2
A
cos 60 = 1/2
x = adjacent to A
tan 60 = √3
csc 60 = 2√3/3
sec 60 = 2
SOH-CAH-TOA
cot 60 = √3/3
sin = opposite / hypothenuse
cos = adjacent / hypothenuse
tan = opposite / adjacent sin 45 = √2/2
cos 45 = √2/2
tan 45 = 1
CHO-SHA-CAO
csc 45 = √2
csc = hypothenuse / opposite
sec = hypothenuse / adjacent sec 45 = √2
cot = adjacent/ opposite cot 45 = 1

Reference Angles
Cofunction  positive acute angle
 value for the compliment of an angle is equal to the value  x-axis + terminal side
of a given trigonometric function of the angle itself

sin A = cos (90° - A)

sec A = csc (90° - A)
tan A = cot (90° - A)
QI – Θ’ = Θ

r
y

A x
If A increases…
sin A, tan A, sec A - increases
cos A, csc A, cot A - decreases QII – Θ’ = 180° - Θ

Trigonometric Function values of Special Angles

2 2
√33 √2223

QIII – Θ’ = Θ - 180°
1
√23

sin 30 = 1/2
cos 30 = √3/2
tan 30 = √3/3
 REVIEWER IN GEOMETRY
1ST QUARTER: TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS/ ACUTE AND NON-ACUTE
ANGLES AND RIGHT TRIANGLES

Angles of Elevation and Depression

 Angle of Elevation – above the horizontal line

 Angle of Depression- below the horizontal line
QIV – Θ’ = 360°- Θ

Special Angles as Reference Angles

Steps:
1. If Θ > 360°, or if Θ < 0°, then find a coterminal angle by
adding or subtracting 360° as many times as needed to get an

object
angle greater than 0° but less than 360°
2. Find the reference angles horizontal line
observer
3. Find the trigonometric function values for refernce angles.
4. Determine the correct signs for the values function step 3.
Find the values of the six trigonometric functions

Right Triangle given an Angle and a Side

 inverse 3 trigonometric function

arc/ inverse sin, cos, tan
sin¯¹, cos¯¹, tan¯¹
 to solve a triangle means to find the measure of all the Notes:
angles & sides of a triangle
 Pasensya na kasi wala akong masyadong
sin 90° = 1 examples. Halos concepts lang
 Hindi ganun kacreative pero okay na
sin¯¹ (sin 90° = 1) sin¯¹
yan
sin¯¹ 1 = 90°  Kung may questions kayo regarding this
one, don’t hesitate to message me
 Kung may mali, pakisabi agad kasi may
ibang nagrerely talaga sa reviewer at
B maayos pa
c  Wag niyo ako awayin kung may mali
a kasi yung iba diyan, ako mismo nagbigay
ng definition HAHAHAHAHA
C A

b -Abaya, 10-E

Note: In each case, C is the right triangle

“Understand it, not memorize it”