Mikael Paatela Paper2

GLOBAL TRENDS IN HOSPITAL PLANNING AND DESIGN
- Updating existing hospitals
DESIGN AND HEALTH

Malaysia 2010
Kuala Lumpur 27.-30.9.2010
Mikael Paatela Lic.Sc., Architect SAFA
SWECO PAATELA Architects
CONTENTS
1.! GENERAL
2.! UPDATING EXISTING HOSPITALS
3.! CASE STUDIES
copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

1. GENERAL
•! MEDICINE AND MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOP CONTINUOUSLY
•! TO MEET THE MEDICAL AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS, HOSPITAL

BUILDINGS NEED TO BE ”FLEXIBLE STRUCTURES” THAT CAN BE
EASILY MODIFIED
•! HOSPITALS SHOULD NOT BE SEEN SOLELY AS BUILDINGS OF THEIR

TIME
BUT
AS BUILDING STRUCTURES THAT ARE CAPABLE OF MEETING NEW
MEDICAL AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS DURING THEIR ENTIRE
LIFE SPAN

… THE MAJOR CHALLENGE OF THE COMING YEARS
IS UPDATING AND MODERNIZING EXISTING HOSPITAL COMPLEXES
•! THIS COMPRISES THE MAIN PART OF HEALTH CARE

INFRASTUCTURE IN MOST COUNTRIES

2. UPDATING EXISTING HOSPITALS
DESIGN GOALS: •! TO MEET THE DEMANDS FOR MODERN HOSPITALS TODAY
•! TO BE ”FLEXIBLE” IN FACING THE – YET UNKNOWN – DEMANDS OF

TOMORROW
-! MASTER PLAN •! provides a 10-30-year scenarios

•! enlargement possibilities
•! traffic on site and in the building
-! FUNCTIONALITY •! ”hot-functions” concept

•! ”mini-hospitals” within the hospital
•! patient flow analysis
-! FLEXIBILITY •! adaptability in buildings
AFTER ANY UPDATING PHASE, THE HOSPITAL COMPLEX SHOULD FORM AN EFFECTIVELY FUNCTIONING WHOLE

CASE STUDIES
How have hospitals succeeded in meeting the modern requirements?
TURKU
HELSINKI
TAMPERE
MIKKELI
VAASA
HAINAN
COLOMBO
VANUATU
SWECO PAATELA ARCHITECTS PROJECTS

THE FINNISH CASE STUDIES
•! TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL
•! HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL
•! TAMPERE UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL
•! MIKKELI CENTRAL HOSPITAL
•! VAASA CENTRAL HOSPITAL

CASE STUDIES, Finland
VAASA CENTRAL HOSPITAL

MIKKELI CENTRAL HOSPITAL
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL
HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL
TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL
DEVELOPMENT OF HOSPITAL BUILDING TYPOLOGY IN THE LATE 1800’s AND 1900’s
Construction of the
Finnish hospital network
1900 1935 1970

Operating Theatre Operating Theatre
in the 1950’s in the 1990’s

X-ray unit X-ray unit
in the 1950’s in the 1990’s

TURKU

Development of DEVELOPMENT OF HOSPITAL BUILDING TYPOLOGY IN THE 1900’s

in 1881
Site plan The first hospital buildings, in 1881


in 1937
…just after app. 55 years…

Site plan The new A-hospital building in 1937


in 1968

Site plan The new U-hospital building in 1968

TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL, old site

in 2003

Site plan The new T-hospital in 2003


in 2012

Site plan The enlarged T-hospital in 2012

TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL, site in 2012
Turku University Central Hospital
ANALYSIS
Positive Problems
•! Original site sufficiently large for •! The need for growth unforeseen
ca. 100 years
•! The need for new types of facilities
•! The hospital had acquired the unforeseen
adjoining site
•! The typology of the A-hospital in 1937
and the U-hospital in 1966 did not allow
for flexibility
•! Buildings located on the outskirts of the

site, whih did not make enlargement
possible
•! Part of the new site was sold in the

1990’s as ”unneccessary”

HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL
HELSINKI

HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL, site, aerial view
FUTURE ENLARGEMENT AREA
HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL, site plan

HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL, TRIANGLE HOSPITAL
Central atrium
Entrance lobby
Interior detail
Helsinki University Central Hospital
ANALYSIS
Positive Problems
•! The size of the site has allowed for •! Lack of Master Plan
new construction for app. 100 years
•! The need for growth unforeseen
•! The location of the buildings allowed for

enlargements only in very restricted areas
•! Floor heights of the older hospitals were

too low for modern enlargements
•! Part of the site was sold in the 1990’s for

medical research purposes

TAMPERE

Patients, visitors
Ambulances
Main internal connections
Personnel
Service traffic
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL, site plan

Tampere University Central Hospital
Model of the hospital site with future enlargements

Tampere University Central Hospital
ANALYSIS
Positive Problems
•! The size of the site allows for future •! Lack of a Master Plan
enlargements
•! Part of the site adjoining the

present examination and treatment
facilities was sold in the 1980’s for
medical research purposes

DEVELOPMENT OF MIKKELI CENTRAL HOSPITAL
Finland 1934 - 1994
MIKKELI

DEVELOPMENT OF MIKKELI CENTRAL HOSPITAL,
in 1934 - 1994
1934 1958 1994
Mikkeli Central Hospital app. 25 years later app. 35 years later

IN 1958 IN 1994 MIKKELI CENTRAL HOSPITAL
PÄÄTILARYHMÄT:

Mikkeli University Central Hospital
ANALYSIS
Positive Problems
•! The hospital was able to acquire the •! The original site was too small
adjoining site for its enlargement
•! The location of the original hospital (built

in 1934) only allowed for enlargement on
one side
•! Difficulties with floor-to-floor

enlargements, as the buildings have
varying floor heights
•! The site is fully built-up

DEVELOPMENT OF VAASA CENTRAL HOSPITAL
Finland 1956 - 1995
VAASA

DEVELOPMENT OF VAASA CENTRAL HOSPITAL
in 1956 - 1995
1956 1971 1995
Vaasa Central Hospital app. 15 years later app. 25 years later

IN 1956 IN 1996 VAASA CENTRAL HOSPITAL
PÄÄTILARYHMÄT:

Vaasa University Central Hospital
ANALYSIS
Positive Problems
•! The site is large enough for new •! Lack of a Master Plan

construction
•! The need for growth could not be foreseen
•! The location of the original hospital (built in

1956) allowed for enlargements only on two
sides
•! Difficulties with floor-to-floor enlargements

due to the low floor height of the original
hospital

SUMMARY OF COMMON FEATURES
•! The sites were sufficiently large on the whole
•! The hospitals have grown in a haphazard way without a proper Master Plan
–! This has led to inefficient functionality and increased operating costs
•! The need for growth had not been foreseen

Growth of hospital departments in MIKKELI and VAASA between 1969-1999
Examination and treatment 208 % 360 %
Wards 61 % 59 %
Administration 152 % 151 %
Supporting services 241 % 122 %
Technical facilities 150 % 350 %
•! The shift towards outpatient-oriented treatment methods were unforeseen
•! Inappropriate location of the hospital buildings on the sites
•! Lack of enlargement areas
•! Too low floor heights

HAINAN
COLOMBO
VANUATU
THE OVERSEAS CASE STUDIES / DEVELOPMENT PLANS
•! COLOMBO GENERAL HOSPITAL, SRI LANKA
•! HAINAN PROVINCIAL PEOPLES’ HOSPITAL, HAIKOU, PR. CHINA
•! THE LUGANVILLE DISTRICT HOSPITAL, VANUATU

PROJECT EXAMPLES
COLOMBO GENERAL HOSPITAL
COLOMBO, SRI LANKA

development plan for 1985 - 1995
BACKGROUND DEVELOPMENT PLAN
•! The hospital has grown in phases •! The overall functional concept of the
hospital was reorganised
•! Some of the buildings were financed by
donated funds •! Key medical examination and treatment
functions were located in the new central
•! The need for beds have exeeded the examination and treatment building
hospital’s capacity
•! Existing ward buildings were renovated
•! The size of the site limited to the growth of
the hospital •! The implementations of the project was
done in phases
•! The hospital complex did not form an
optionally functioning whole

COLOMBO GENERAL HOSPITAL, aerial view

siteplan

COLOMBO GENERAL HOSPITAL, photo of the model

COLOMBO GENERAL HOSPITAL, new construction


COLOMBO GENERAL HOSPITAL, renovation

HAINAN PROVINCIAL PEOPLE’S HOSPITAL
HAIKOU, PR. CHINA

•! There was a great need to increase the •! The key medical examination and
examination, treatment and bed capacity of treatment departments were located in the
the hospital new central building for ”hot-functions”
•! The existing buildings were technically in a •! A high-rise in-patient tower for 1000
poor shape patients adjoins this examination and
treatment building
•! The size of the site did allow for new
construction •! The existing buildings were renovated for
out-patient departments and service
purposes

HAINAN, PR. CHINA

HAINAN PROVINCIAL PEOPLE’S HOSPITAL
siteplan

MODEL

HAINAN, PR. CHINA

LUGANVILLE REGIONAL HOSPITAL
LUGANVILLE, VANUATU
•! The hospital has grown in phases •! The role and tasks of the hospital in the
northern Vanuatu health service network
•! Some of the buildings were financed by were redefined
donated funds
•! The overall functional concept of the
•! The services for examination and hospital was reorganized
treatment were very limited
•! A new examination and treatment building
was designed
•! Renovation plans for the wards, service

buildings and administration were prepared

LUGANVILLE, VANUATU

LUGANVILLE REGIONAL HOSPITAL
siteplan

LUGANVILLE, VANUATU, model

THANK YOU

Mikael Paatela Paper2

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Mikael Paatela Paper2

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

GLOBAL TRENDS IN HOSPITAL PLANNING AND DESIGN

- Updating existing hospitals

DESIGN AND HEALTH

2.! UPDATING EXISTING HOSPITALS

3.! CASE STUDIES

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

•! MEDICINE AND MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOP CONTINUOUSLY

•! TO MEET THE MEDICAL AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS, HOSPITAL

•! HOSPITALS SHOULD NOT BE SEEN SOLELY AS BUILDINGS OF THEIR

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

•! THIS COMPRISES THE MAIN PART OF HEALTH CARE

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

DESIGN GOALS: •! TO MEET THE DEMANDS FOR MODERN HOSPITALS TODAY

•! TO BE ”FLEXIBLE” IN FACING THE – YET UNKNOWN – DEMANDS OF

-! MASTER PLAN •! provides a 10-30-year scenarios

-! FUNCTIONALITY •! ”hot-functions” concept

-! FLEXIBILITY •! adaptability in buildings

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

SWECO PAATELA ARCHITECTS PROJECTS

•! TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL

•! HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL

•! TAMPERE UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL

•! MIKKELI CENTRAL HOSPITAL

•! VAASA CENTRAL HOSPITAL

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

VAASA CENTRAL HOSPITAL

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL

Site plan The first hospital buildings, in 1881

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL

…just after app. 55 years…

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL

…just after app. 30 years…

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL

…just after app. 30 years…

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

TURKU UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL

…just after app. 10 years…

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

•! Buildings located on the outskirts of the

•! Part of the new site was sold in the

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL, site plan

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

•! The location of the buildings allowed for

•! Floor heights of the older hospitals were

•! Part of the site was sold in the 1990’s for

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

TAMPERE UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL, site plan

Model of the hospital site with future enlargements

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

•! Part of the site adjoining the

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

copyright © Mikael Paatela / Sweco Paatela Architects Oy

1934 1958 1994

Mikkeli Central Hospital app. 25 years later app. 35 years later