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EMPLOYMENT
A Research Proposal
Butuan City
March 2017
Chapter 1
Introduction
The Relational abilities need aid crucial for the great future profession of a learner. On
today's aggressive world, relational abilities in benefits of the business would those The majority
looked for personal satisfaction for an taught pernickety. Reading, composing Also tuning in
deliberately would the three The majority paramount relational abilities for people. These abilities
similar to the vast majority of the relational abilities heartless a really acquainted Likewise an
Similarly, as views perusing Also writing, the best relic that we have on tackle may be
should adjust with our developing Ageists and centralization. With these two qualities, it is could be
allowed with creating reading, oral correspondence abilities also written work abilities.
stake our interest, concerns helps each other; our exists Also settle on decisions, and it permits us
with a worth of effort together. Compelling correspondence may be based on the way we talk
Furthermore listen, how we react and our non-verbal communication. We might at take how will
enhance the lifestyle we impart. It takes more than expressions with making A safe,
This chapter presents the related literature and studies after the thorough and in-depth
search done by the researchers. This will also present the synthesis of the art, theoretical and
conceptual framework to fully understand the research to be done and lastly the definition of terms
Related Literature
Tracer study is an approach which widely being used in the most organization especially in
the educational institutions to track and to keep the record of their students once they have
graduated from the institution. Through tracer study, an institution able to evaluate the quality of
education given to their graduates by knowing the graduate's placements and positions in the
society which later can be used as a benchmark in producing more qualified and competitive
graduates. There are books that we can use as a tool for studying different aspects of education
and for studying the present topic which is a Tracer Study on The Employment Status of AB
In the book Employment and Career Opportunities after Graduation by Arcelo and Sanyal,
the existence of a huge number of educated unemployed can lead to a certain amount of political
instability in a country, for they being among the educated class and knowledgeable about the
privileges society can offer, feel doubly deprived. In this matter, the analysis of the unemployment
situation in the Philippines shown that the young graduates is still in the job-hunting stage.
jobs after they graduated. Also, if the trainings and learning’s in the
This author wants to give insights about the rights between the employee and employer with
regards to the employment that should be given to any person to be employed. This will distinguish
the importance of being employed and the choice of choosing a job that is desired to apply in.
The Philippines may go beyond the standing of employment in the country, rights and
M.Pagoso, it state that in view of low literacy rates in rising unemployment in developing countries
has become imperative that greater educational opportunities should be provided for the great
proportion of adult population as well as the large number of youth outside the formal school
system to help them acquire further knowledge and skill thereby improve their livelihood and
strengthen the country. As a student of AB Journalism, one thing we must be considered is the
notion that there’s no age matter when it comes to job offerings because in the field of working,
levels and literacy rates of workers in the Philippines are among the highest in Asia, but technical,
manual and managerial are poorly developed and in short supply. There is an over-abundance of
college graduates that most especially in Manila area were in the field of education, law and other
professionals exceed in demand to find employment appropriate to his educational training. The
authors want to show on how did the graduates of journalism will use. their skills and trainings to
gained and developed the technical, manual and managerial skills that Filipino workers are lack of.
This is the realization that even college graduates may find it difficult to be employed if they are not
In the book the Philippine Labor Code by CesAzucena, whenever the public interest
requires, the Secretary of Labor may direct all persons or entities within the coverage of this Title to
submit a report on the status of employment, including job vacancies, details of job requisitions,
separation from job wages, other terms and conditions, and other employment data. This will make
job seekers to be aware of job vacancies as well as the job suitable for them. This will also give
awareness to the public to know the standing of the employment in our country.
Employment is the capacity of an individual to showcase his talent and to use the training
provided today’s crop of worker’s employment opportunities. The statement of Powers is relevant
to the present study because he pointed out that education is very important in having the
marketability and general skills needed in finding an appropriate job. In this study, it helps to
develop such skills among the college graduates for them to find or to get an appropriate job.
that the employee’s performance on the job and attitude about the job would depend on the
Degree to which the manager fulfils the needs. The author associated that to the employees that
will look at the performance and attitude towards the job that will be strongly affected by the degree
on where the superior may reach the fulfilment of the job desires.
The book, Unemployment and the Dual Labor Market stressed that the unemployment is
the outgrowth of a process of job search where workers have limited information about the labor
market. On the other hand, people who first begin looking for jobs lack basic information will help
the graduates to disseminate the rejection of jobs to higher expectations. This book mainly wants
to view that job searching is a wide-process action where in job-seekers should gain more
knowledge or information that will reach their satisfaction on what and where to find jobs that will
of a person’s work life should improve as more and more needed values are satisfy by that
individual's job and career progression. This will assess that the employee must improve the
quality of work life in determining the aspects of work situation for AB Journalism graduates. Also,
this will relate to how the graduates progress their career as graduates of the AB Journalism
program.
employment. As it is stated in the book, Labor- only contracting in a “cabo” economy that some
economist would justify labor- only contracting as our only weapon to remain competitive.
Therefore, some of the workers are seeking for better employment opportunities abroad for a high
salary. In the case of the graduates nowadays, their first problem is seeking a job after graduation.
Knowingly that it is very hard to find a job suitable to their graduated course right away after
graduation that may cause to trigger them to work not aligned to the profession they graduate for
their usual reason is the salary that they can get right away. Some go abroad to find their destiny
or for some reason that they will get a high salary than to continue their profession as a Journalist if
Campus, Nuyda and Icaranom, “Employment Status of the English Graduates 2006-2008”.
This study aimed to present a feedback mechanism for the department and college to come up
with a more productive, competitive and effective program for the students. This study presents the
possible reasons on why they are graduates who’s unemployed and employed. The authors want
to show the programs used in providing AB Journalism graduates adequate skills to help them for
professional careers, but the program must be open to changes that would effectively lead
study determines the general profile and the present employment status of the respondents which
are the graduates of Polytechnic University of the Philippines academic year 2004-2005.This
research tackles about the tracer study that uses as a method in which is primarily intended to
locate graduates of an academic institution, past recipient of scholarship grants, former participants
and among other situation in order to collect data and update information about this type of people.
This kind of study is also a tool to generate or influence decision making and planning of a certain
institution about the development of the curriculum. It is likewise regulating document efficiency
and support on the demographic profile of a certain institution that can be measured through the
quality of graduates.
The research Tracer Study of the Graduates of Certificate in Teaching Physical Education
(CPE) from 2000 to 2005 answered the profile of the CPE graduates in terms of the job position
and the employment in terms of job encountered in the CPE. The majority of the CPE graduates
are males. Based on the findings of the study, most of the CPE graduates are in the permanent
status of employment. They are employed in the national government with the monthly salary of
10,000 Php to 15,000 Php a month. The topmost encountered by the CPE graduates in that they
are not given equal opportunities like those of the education graduates. This study may connect to
the present study in terms of the employment standing or status of the graduates. It also focuses
on the job position that is also one important factor in employing a job because as a graduate of a
particular course, the job should go along with the profession that they graduated.
Bea, Daep, Fungo, Lorilla, Miraflor Jr., Muni and Ordoñez, “Employer’s Review on AB
English Graduates of Bicol University College of Arts and Letters SY 2006-2009”, the study shows
that Newly established private companies in Albay hire most of the AB English graduates,
employers of AB English graduates find their job performance and attitude to be very satisfactory, it
is more appropriate to used the communication skills and skills that should be imposed is depends
on the line of work you engage in.In this study, the researchers are interested to know if the AB
Journalism graduates will find their job performance, personally, development, professionalism,
“Employment Prospects for AB English Graduates of 2009” - aimed to determine the job
opportunities available for AB English Graduates of 2009, the research aims to know the
qualifications require from the AB English graduates that would give them the edge in the job
market in terms of academic skills and special skills. It is also about to assess the training needs
required by the job market that awaits the AB English graduates. The findings of the authors will
reflect the idea that to the generally skills be functional in the job great demands, special skills are
required to enhance specific skills needed in work. So, graduates will enhance
particular job.
Madriaga and Lucila, “Job Opportunities for Broadcasting Students”, discusses that Job
expectations of the 2nd and 3rd year AB Broadcasting students were almost inclined in the media
industry and practice their field of expertise. This will give an overview to the kind of job that will fit
AB Journalism graduates. Also, to analyze if there are qualified to the appropriate jobs that they
will be employed.
City” the study showed that respondents were motivated to work due to good relationships with
their officemates. Media practitioners are the lowest paid workers and are exploited; some are not
receiving regular salary only allowance or talent fee; and are required tosolicit advertisement for
their salary.
As perceived in the study, some of the respondents claimed that they are satisfied with the
work they are motivated with their officemates. Also, the monthly income they receive and the kind
of workplace reaches their satisfaction. It is pertinent to the present study since graduates will
experience the types of satisfactory on motivation at work and providing good quality of the
Alcovendas and Espares, “ A Tracer Study of AB English Honour Graduates from 1987-2009”
the study discusses that AB English honor graduates are gainfully employed have sufficient annual
income, have a tendency of staying long in the company, have moderate satisfaction in their
present job, indicating a lack of sense of fulfilment in their capabilities, and a feeling of insufficiency
in the returns they get for their hard work. The statement of Alcovendasand Espares is relevant to
the present study because employability is not limited only to those who are being well-train and it
The researchers find out that when it comes to the level of job satisfaction, honor graduates
are found to be satisfied with their current job. With these, the graduates will improve learning and
communication through experiences. Furthermore, graduate students expose to real, actual and
practical situations such as seminars, workshops and conferences are strategies that may better
Employers believed that applicants who have undergone job training are assumed to be
more knowledgeable and production. According to Dominguez and Romero, “Employment Status
on both private and government sectors depending on the student’s interest. Also, they are
competent enough in connection to the job for there are respondents who had a problem with their
co-workers in terms of their differences in terms of principles and ideas which are expected in an
agency.
In that study, the researchers are interested in the training acquired in AB Journalism
program that they can easily adapt to the society specifically in their present job. The proposed
study also aimed established to be well equipped, improvement of interests, competency and
Nelita M. Lalican, “Tracer Survey of Agriculture Graduates” where the College of Agriculture
of University of the Philippines Los Bańos traced its graduates, their aim also is to assess its
curriculum and discuss the relevance of its productivity with the present condition. In the findings of
the study found out that, employers prefer specialists rather than generalists and the employers
find the graduates effective, efficient and cooperative. They also find the graduates knowledgeable,
dependable and resourceful, however, many employers describe UPLB graduates as academically
Theoretical Framework
The researchers adapted the general system’s theory by Edward Deming (J.Horine,1993) to
support this study. The theory generally states that the success in any system requires more than
best efforts and hard work from the administrators. The most serious observation is that majority of
problems to Deming; roughly, 95% of problems belong to the system and the responsibility of the
management while the workers are just trying to do the best job that they can deliver within the
The theory explains that a system is a series of functions or activities sub process (stages-
hereafter components) within an organization that work together for its aim. People,materials,
methods and equipment’s are the components that form a network in support of common
Purpose determines the thrust and direction of a system input, on the other hand, is
characterized as the primary element that motivates an action of a system. Meanwhile, processes
are the sequences of work stages that transform inputs to outputs and output is what the
system produces.
Below is an illustration of Theoretical Framework
Methods
Materials
Strategies Feedback/
people
evaluation
Equipments
process
Conceptual Framework
It shows that conceptual framework of the study. Using the Theoretical Framework that can
be asserted that the student get lots of experiences during stayin school. Students cultivate their
Following this line of thought, if Bicol University succeeds in properly educating the youth
who are being enrolled in the different programs especially in the AB Journalism program it serves
as an output they will be able to secure a high quality of education for these students, thus
Graduates have experienced a lot of things that develop his/her skills to become more
productive like being enrolled in an internship program proposed by the department, showing off
their talents and skills in the extracurricular activities inside and outside the premise of the school.
By that, it serves as a process for their personality development, for them to have a career that
OJT
Trainings
Journalism ssdsdsdas Seminars Jobs
Graduates ds
Personality
Extra curricular
Developement
activities
Researchers on Related Literature presents that tracing the performance and shows that
education is an investment made by students in order for them to have a stable job after
graduation upon various researchers, a gap is discern that no study embarked upon the same
research that the study is all about. Based from the related materials found no study has found out
to study on the same topic except for the books that cater to its parts, many have studied about the
employment status, job satisfaction and the factors affecting job performances.
The researchers review of Related Literature and Studies has been made, it was observed
that the current studies were focused on the tracer studies of their respective colleges including
then tracer studies of the AB Journalism Graduates of the past years in a way of having the
general profile of these graduates and also for the school research purposes as well. It is for the
reason that it is the way of bridging the perceived thing in line with the chosen course or field that is
suited for them and to be able to enhance the knowledge and skills that can be used as a weapon
The researchers also will find out if the graduates of the batch 2009-2012 are employed in
an appropriate job for their graduated professions and careers. We will also find out if these
graduates of AB Journalism have the job in connection to media preferences and able to cater it
by profession. By the use of the questionnaire and interviews we are going to use, this will make a
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