Tri Axial Test PDF

Smith’s Elements of Soil Mechanics, 8th Edition Ian Smith
Chapter 3
Solutions to Exercises
Exercise 3.1
Inclination of failure plane to direction of minor principal stress:
f 29 °
q = + 45 ° = + 45 ° = 59.5°
2 2
Þ Inclination with respect to direction of major principal stress
= 90° 59.5° = 30.5°
Plot Mohr circle:
Diagram not to scale!
t
(kPa)
(295, 161)
tmax = 184 kPa
D
29° 59.5°
O E s
s (kPa)
From scale drawing:
Effective normal stress on failure plane = 295 kPa
Shear stress on failure plane = 161 kPa
Maximum shear stress = 184 kPa
Typos: Answers should read as above in book.
Blackwell Publishing, May 2006 http://sbe.napier.ac.uk/esm
ISBN 1405133708
Exercise 3.2
(a)
From Page 97:
(s1 – s3) = (s1 + s3) sinf + 2c cos f
Let s1 be denoted by the axial stress, sa and s3 be denoted by the radial

stress, sr.
sa = (sa + sr) sinf + sr + 2c cos f
sa = sa sinf + sr sinf + sr + 37.6
sa – sa sinf = sr sinf + sr + 37.6
sa (1 – sinf) = sr (1 + sinf) + 37.6
s a (1 - sin f ) - 37 . 6 250 (1 - sin 20 °) - 37 . 6

s r = = = 95 kPa
(1 + sin f ) (1 + sin 20 °)
(b)
(s1 – s3) = (s1 + s3) sinf + 2c cos f
(s1 – 250) = (s1 + 250) sin 20° + 40 cos 20°
(s1 – 250) – s1 sin 20° = 123.1
s1 (1 – sin 20°) = 373.1
s1 = 567 kPa
ISBN 1405133708
Exercise 3.3
(i)
2
pd p ´ 110 2 ´ 220
Volume of sample = ´ l = = 2.09 × 10 6 mm 3
4 4
2 . 09 ´ 10 6
Cross sectional area at failure = Volume / (length – deformation) = =
(220 - 21 )
10.51 mm 2
s3 = 300 kPa
(s1 s3) = Failure load / area = 3350 / 10.51 = 319 kPa
Þ s1 = 300 + 319 = 619 kPa
Now plot Mohr circle diagram:
t
(kPa)
Diagram not to scale!
D
10°
80
a q 2q
O 300 E s 619
s (kPa)
(a)
t = 80 + s tan 10° = 80 + 0.1763s kPa
ISBN 1405133708
(b)
(Refer to Page 90)
OE = s3 + (s1 s3) cos 2q = 431.8 kPa
s 1 - s 3
OD = sin 2 q = 157.1 kPa
2
Resultant stress = 431. 8 2 + 157 . 1 2 = 460 kPa
æ 157 . 1 ö
a = tan - 1 ç ÷ = 20°
è 431 . 8 ø
(ii)
0 . 5
s = = 138 . 9 kPa
0 . 0036
t = 80 + 138.9 tan 10° = 105 kPa
ISBN 1405133708
Exercise 3.4
Calculate s1 values for each test:
Test 1: s3 + (s1 s3) = 200 + 700 = 900 kPa

Test 2: s3 + (s1 s3) = 400 + 855 = 1255 kPa
Test 3: s3 + (s1 s3) = 600 + 1040 = 1640 kPa
Plot Mohr circles:
1000.0
900.0
800.0
700.0
shear stress (kPa)
600.0
500.0
400.0
300.0
200.0
100.0
0.0
0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 800.0 1000.0 1200.0 1400.0 1600.0 1800.0
normal stress (kPa)
From plot, c’ = 192 kPa; f’ = 17.5°
ISBN 1405133708
Exercise 3.5
(a) Total stresses:
Calculate s1 values for each test:
Test 1: s3 + (s1 s3) = 200 + 650 = 850 kPa

Test 2: s3 + (s1 s3) = 400 + 770 = 1170 kPa
Test 3: s3 + (s1 s3) = 600 + 880 = 1480 kPa
Plot Mohr circles:
1000.0
900.0
800.0
700.0
shear stress (kPa)
600.0
500.0
400.0
300.0
200.0
100.0
0.0
0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 800.0 1000.0 1200.0 1400.0 1600.0
normal stress (kPa)
From plot, cu = 220 kPa; fu = 13°
ISBN 1405133708
(b) Effective stresses:
Calculate s’1 and s’3 values for each test:
Test s'3 s'1

(kPa) (kPa)
1 200 – 50 = 150 850 – 50 = 800
2 400 – 200 = 200 1170 – 200 = 970
3 600 – 350 = 250 1480 – 350 =1130
Plot Mohr circles:
800.0
700.0
600.0
shear stress (kPa)
500.0
400.0
300.0
200.0
100.0
0.0
0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 800.0 1000.0 1200.0
normal stress (kPa)
From plot, c’ = 110 kPa; f’ = 26°
ISBN 1405133708
Exercise 3.6
Du a 240
B = = = 0.6
Ds 3 400
Deviator stress against strain:
1400
1200
1000
Deviator stress (kPa)
800
600
400
200
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Strain (%)
Pore water pressure against strain:
350
300
250
Pore water pressure (kPa)
200
150
100
50
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Strain (%)
ISBN 1405133708
Pore pressure coefficient A against strain:
Strain Deviator A = A
(%) stress (kPa) u (kPa) D ud A B
0 0 240
1 240 285 45 0.188 0.313
2 460 300 60 0.130 0.217
3 640 270 30 0.047 0.078
4 840 200 40 0.048 0.079
5 950 160 80 0.084 0.140
7.5 1100 110 130 0.118 0.197
10.0 1150 75 165 0.143 0.239
12.5 1170 55 185 0.158 0.264
15.0 1150 50 190 0.165 0.275
0.400
0.300
0.200
Pore pressure coefficient A
0.100
0.000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
Strain (%)
ISBN 1405133708
Exercise 3.7
Normal load
(kN) Normal stress (kPa) Shear force at failure (N) Shear stress (kPa)
0.2 = 0.2 / 3.6 × 10 3 = 55.6 = 33.4 × 8.4 = 280.6 = 280.6 / 3.6 = 77.9
0.4 111.1 400.0 111.1
0.6 166.7 526.7 146.3
70
60
50
Shearing force (N)
40
30
20
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Strain (%)
ISBN 1405133708
160.0
Shear stress (kPa) 140.0
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0
Normal stress (kPa)
From plot, cu = 43 kPa; fu = 32°
ISBN 1405133708

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Smith’s Elements of Soil Mechanics, 8th Edition Ian Smith

= 90° ­ 59.5° = 30.5°

(s1 – s3) = (s1 + s3) sinf + 2c cos f

Let s1 be denoted by the axial stress, sa and s3 be denoted by the radial

sa = (sa + sr) sinf + sr + 2c cos f

sa = sa sinf + sr sinf + sr + 37.6

sa – sa sinf = sr sinf + sr + 37.6

sa (1 – sinf) = sr (1 + sinf) + 37.6

s a (1 - sin f ) - 37 . 6 250 (1 - sin 20 °) - 37 . 6

(s1 – s3) = (s1 + s3) sinf + 2c cos f

(s1 – 250) = (s1 + 250) sin 20° + 40 cos 20°

(s1 – 250) – s1 sin 20° = 123.1

t = 80 + s tan 10° = 80 + 0.1763s kPa

OE = s3 + (s1 ­ s3) cos 2q = 431.8 kPa

Resultant stress = 431. 8 2 + 157 . 1 2 = 460 kPa

Calculate s1 values for each test:

Test 1: s3 + (s1 ­ s3) = 200 + 700 = 900 kPa

Calculate s1 values for each test:

Test 1: s3 + (s1 ­ s3) = 200 + 650 = 850 kPa

From plot, cu = 220 kPa; fu = 13°

Calculate s’1 and s’3 values for each test:

Test s'3 s'1

From plot, cu = 43 kPa; fu = 32°

Вам также может понравиться

= 90° 59.5° = 30.5°

OE = s3 + (s1 s3) cos 2q = 431.8 kPa

Test 1: s3 + (s1 s3) = 200 + 700 = 900 kPa

Test 1: s3 + (s1 s3) = 200 + 650 = 850 kPa