Table 3.1. Bearing capacity factors.

Parameter Cohesion Self-weight Surcharge

N i = 0 .0 6 6 3 e 93* Smooth

Bearing N '= ( n ,- 1 ) ï 010 WT= 0 .1 0 5 4 « 96* Rough

Capacity N c= 2 + n i/0 = O <p > 0 in radians

N y= 0 [/<j) = 0

'-Cr Q'
N c tan 4> - 4 . 4 + 0 . 6 — tan 6 +
L /
Rigidity1,2 or for 0 = 0 Ç„ = ex p
J .0 7 sin (f>logi0 2 / ,
C „=ai2+ai2 + 0 .6 0 1 o g (0 / , (l + sin<t>)

Shape
■ •-(ife] C,= ' + tan (|>

'»9«
c .= c „ -
N e tan ty

Inclination1 or for 0 = 0 c ,= c„=

N + B'L'c c o t <()
nT '
L= i-

f_ Ü '
C„ = C„- /Vc tan ((>

Foundadon tilt4 or for 0 = 0 Çv = (;-atan<t>)2 c „ = c r,

( 2a '
C„ = v-
ji + 2

Afc tan<|) C .-Ç . Ç„ = ( 7 - t a n ( û ) J

Surface
or for 0 = 0 or for 0 = 0 or for 0 = 0
inclination1
f 2d) Ï
c „ = '-
71 + 2

r j-i ^
N c ta n 0
^ = 1 + 2 tan 0 ( 7 - s in <|>)2 tan -'
Depth4 or for 0 = 0 \ By
Ç,cd = 1 + 0 .3 3 tan';

1. The rigidity index is defined as / r = G / { c + q tan 0 ) in which G is the elastic shear modulus o f the soil and the vertical overburden pressure, q,
is evaluated at a depth o f B/2 below the foundation level. The critical rigidity index is defined as:

=yexpj(5.30 • 0.4SB/L)col\ 45° - y

2. When I, > I„, the soil behaves, for all practical purposes, as a rigid plastic material and the m odifying factors all take the value 1. When I, < /„,
punching shear is likely to occur and the factors £, may be computed from the expressions in the table.
3. For inclined loading in the B direction ( 6 = 90°), n is given by: n = n g = (2 + B /L ) / ( 1 + B / L ) . For inclined loading in the L direction ( 0 = 0 ° ) ,
n is given by:

n = n L = {2 + lS B ) /( l + L / B )

For other loading directions, n is given by: n=nQ =nL COS20 + n B sin 2 6. 6 is the plan angle between the longer axis o f the footing and the ray
from its centre to the point o f application o f the loading. Bf and L' are the effective dimensions o f the rectangular foundation, allowing for eccen­
tricity o f the loading, and T and N are the horizontal and vertical components o f the foundation load.
4. a is the inclination from die horizontal o f the underside o f the footing.
5. For the sloping ground case where 0 = 0, a non-zero value o f the term Nr must be used. For this case is Nr negative and is given by:

S y = - 2 sin CO

u> is the inclination below horizontal o f the ground surface away from the edge o f the footing.
6 . D is the depth from the soil surface to the underside of the footing.

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