Buatlah larutan NaOH standar sekunder 1 N sebanyak 50 ml.

NaOH Na+ + OH-

Mr NaOH = 40
Larutan NaOH 1 N = larutan NaOH 1 M = 1 mol/L
Dalam 1000 cc larutan NaOH 1 M ada NaOH sebanyak = 1 mol × 40g/mol
= 40 gram
Dalam 100 cc larutam NaOH 1 M ada NaOH sebanyak = 4 gram
Dalam 50 cc larutan NaOH 1 M ada NaOH sebanyak = 2 gram

Konsentrasi larutan (ρ) densitas larutan = g/mol = kg/liter

mol zat terlarut
Molaritas (M) =
liter larutan

Normalitas (N) = Ʃ H+ × M
= Ʃ OH- × M
= Ʃ e-
Molalitas (m) = mol zat terlarut
1000 g pelarut
ppm = mg zat terlarut
liter larutan

Larutan NaOH 1 N = larutan NaOH 1 M

NaOH Na+ + OH-
Larutan NaOH 0,1 M sebanyak 50 ml, berapa ppm NaOH tersebut?
Larutan 0,1 N NaOH = larutan 0,1 M NaOH
Larutan 0,1 M NaOH = 0,1 mol NaOH × 40 gram
1000 ml larutan NaOH × ml

= 4 gram NaOH
1000 ml larutan NaOH
 = 4000 mg NaOH
1000 ml larutan NaOH

= 4000 ppm
Membuat larutan NaOH 20% sebanyak 50 ml
ρ NaOH pa = 2,13 kg/L
ρ H2O = 1 gram/ml = 1 kg/L
ρ larutan NaOH 20% = 0,2 × 2,13 kg/L + 0,8 × 1 kg/L
= 1,22 kg/L
1000 ml larutan NaOH 20% beratnya 1220 gram mengandung NaOH
= 20 × 1220 g
100
= 244 gram
= 244 g × 1 ml/40 gram
= 6,1 mol
Molaritas NaOH 20% = 6,1
N = 6,1
50 ml larutan NaOH 20%, NaOHpa yang ditimbang
1000 ml 244 gram
50 ml 12,2 gram NaOHpa
Membuat larutan NaOH 1 N sebanyak 50 mL
 Larutan NaOH 1 N sama dengan 1 M larutan NaOH
1 mol NaOH
 Larutan NaOH 1 M = 1 L larutan NaOH 1 m
1 mol NaOH 40 gram 40 gram NaOH
= 1 L larutan NaOH 1 m x mol NaOH = 1 Liter larutan NaOH
 1000 mL larutan NaOH mengandung 40 gram NaOH
 50 mL larutan NaOH mengandung 2 gram NaOH
  Sehingga langkah pertama adalah timbang NaOH sebanyak 2 gram, kemudian
larutkan dengan H2O di gelas beaker ± 30 mL, kemudian bilas kembali gelas beaker
dengan H2O ± 8 mL dan masukkan ke dalam labu ukur, lalu tambahkan lagi H2O ke
dalam labu ukur hingga batas 50 mL.

Membuat larutan HCl 1 N sebanyak 50 mL

 Larutan HCl 1 N sama dengan 1 M larutan HCl
 1000 mL HCl 37% beratnya 1200 gram mengandung HCl 37/100 x 1200
= 444 gram
1 mol
= 444 gram x 36,5 gram
= 12,16 mol HCl
 Pengenceran
M1 . V1 = M2 . V2
12,16 . V1 mL = 1 x 50 Ml
1 .50
V1 = 12,16
= 4,1 mL