INTRODUCTION

 3 months- from Biñan school to Colegio de San Juan Letran

o Dominican friars ask Jose to look for another school because of his
Radical and bold questions
o 1817 – Escuela Pia( Charity School), a school for poor boys was
established by the city government.

(Escuela Pia>Ateneo Municipal >Ateneo De Manila)

 Calle Carballo in Santa Cruz area - jose lived/boarded a house of a

spinter.
o He became acquainted to the mestizos who was said to be
begotten by friars.
 June 1872- Rizal enrolled in Ateneo Municipal, run by the Jesuit
congregation ( Society of Jesus).
 June 10, 1872- entrance exam
o Father Magin Ferrando- College Registrar who deterred him from
matriculation because:
 He is late for registration and he appeared frail and sickly but
through the aid of Manuel Xerez Burgos he was then
accepted in Ateneo
 He use “Rizal” instead of Mercado
 Boarded in a House outside Intramuros in Caraballo Street
 Titay
o the person who owned the boarding house

JESUIT SYSTEM OF INSTRUCTIONS

 was more advanced than other colleges

 Its discipline was rigid and methods are less mechanical.
o Their program includes physical culture and cultivation of arts such
as:
a) Music
b) Drawing
c) Painting
o Also established vocational courses in:
a) Agriculture
b) Commerce
c) Mechanics
  The purpose of the school was to mold the character and will of the boys
to comply with the precepts of the church.
 The students heard mass before beginning with the class. Its
starts and ends with a prayer.

DIVISION OF CLASSES

o Roman Empire (Interno/Interns)

o Carthaginian Empire (Externo/Extern)
 Each empire have five dignitaries namely:
 Emperor
 Tribune
 Decurion
 Centurion
 Standard-Bearer
 Dignitaries are won by means of individual competition by
catching one's adversary in error three times.
 The empire considered them in perpetual warfare.
 When one individual of one empire was caught in error by one belonging
to the enemy, a point was counted in favor of the latter.
 At the end of a week or two, points of both the empire are added up and
the one with the most point will be declared the winner.
 There was also a fraternity of Mary and Saint Louis Gonzaga. Only those
who distinguished themselves in the class for their piety and diligence
could belong.
o This fraternity met on Sundays and after mass they held public
program which includes poems and debate.

RIZAL AS A STUDENT IN ATENEO

 Wore a uniform consisting of coat, striped shirt, black tie, cream-colored

hempen trousers, and black leather shoes.
 Learned to systemize his work
 Fixed a program of what he had to do in two hours each day and did not
in the least deviate from it.
 At the end of the month, he had attained the rank of emperor
o He obtained marks of “excellent” in all his subjects and
examinations.
 His first poem in Ateneo is “Mi Primera Inspiracion”
  Rizal cultivated his talent in poetry, gymnastics, painting and sculpture in
Ateneo
 He impressed his Jesuit professor by carving the image of Blessed Virgin
Mary on the piece of Batikuling which is made in a few days and Sacred
Heart of Jesus as Fr. Lleonart asked him

FIRST YEAR IN ATENEO (1872-1873)

 Rizal became an emperor after a month of being at the tail on the class
as a newcomer
 He heard mass on the first day of classes for success and guidance then
he went to class which was composed of peninsular Spaniards, insular,
mestizos, and natives.
o He wore a uniform of “hemp fabric trousers” and “stripped cotton
coat”
 Fr. Jose Bech, first professor of Rizal.
o His first professor
o Described as a man of high stature, lean body, bent forward,
walked fast, frugal, severe and inspired, small sunken eyes, sharp
Grecian nose, thin lips forming arch with its sides directed toward
the chin.
o He was somewhat lunatic and of an uneven humor
o Hard and little tolerant
o Other time he was gay, playful as a child
 His having crude knowledge in Spanish was source of ridicule from his
classmates.
 To improve his knowledge in Spanish, he took private lessons in Santa
Isabel College during breaktime.
 After the end of the month, he became an emperor of the Carthaginians.
 He placed second at the end of the year and his grades remains
excellent. He was awarded excellent in Latin, Spanish and Greek.
 Classmates of Rizal (Peninsulares and sons of peninsulares)
o Francisco G. Oliva- very talented but not very studious
o Joaquin Garrido- endowed with a poor memory but with much
talent and industry
o Gonzalo Marzano- occupied the throne of emperor.
SUMMER VACATION (1873)

 He placed second at the end of the year.

 His mother was in prison then he went to Sta. Cruz.

SECOND YEAR IN ATENEO(1973-1974)

 transferred residence to No. 6 Calle Magallanes

 regretted having neglected his studies at the beginning of the semester
but he regained the title of emperor (best Student) at the end of the
second semester
 He got interested in reading romantic novels.
 He also convinced his father to buy a whole set of historia universal by
Cesar Cantu saying that it is required book in class.
 During his second year, Rizal continued to gain excellent awards in
Spanish, Greek and World Geography.

TEENAGE INTEREST OF RIZAL (1874)

 Summer vacation in calamba

o The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexander Dumas
o Universal History by Cesar Cantu
o Travels in the Philippines by Dr. Feodor Jagor

THIRD YEAR IN ATENEO(1974-1975)

 He won prizes in quarterly examinations

 While in his third year, aside from Latin, Greek and Spanish, he was also
awarded excellent in World History, History of Spain and the Philippines
and Arithmetic and Algebra.

FOURTH YEAR IN ATENEO(1875-1876)

 His parents placed him as an intern and stayed until his graduation.
 At the end of term, he attained 5 medals to represent his repayment of his
father's sacrifices.
 On June 16, 1875 he became an interno
 He became inspired to study harder and write poetry under Fr. Francisco
Paula De Sanchez
o upright, earnest and caring teacher whom Rizal considered as his
best teacher.
FIFTH YEAR IN ATENEO(1876-1877)

 He became successful in Ateneo

 Rizal's professors were Fr. Jose Vilaclara and Fr. Mineves.
 He started doing gymnastics to correct his defect of being considered a
small of stature.
 He did fencing.
 He devoted time to painting and sculpture.
o Don Augustin Saez (painting and drawing instructor)
o Romualdo De Jesus (sculpture instructor)
 He got highest grades in all subjects – Philosophy, Biology, Physics,
Chemistry and Language.

MARCH 23, 1877

 He graduated in college with the Highest Honors or sobresaliente

(outstanding) along with nine students in his class.
 After his fourth year in medical school, he went to Europe to continue
his study and would end up conducting "a search for common good".
He was also supported by Paciano and Tio Antonio Rivera
 In the last months of 1880, the Jesuits asked Rizal to participate in the
preparations for the annual feast of Virgin de la Purisima (currently
called La Immaculada: A National Holiday in Spain during 8th of
December).
o Rizal wrote the script for the musical play “Junto al Pasig”(Beside
the Pasig). A Spanish professor Maestro Blas Echegoyon wrote
the music for the choruses.
 This play can be considered a prophecy of 50 years of
revolution, invasion after invasion, defeat, and civil tumult.
It can also be read as Rizal’s reiterated appeal to the
Filipino youth.
 He left for Europe on May 5, 1882 under the name of Jose Mercado.

WHAT RIZAL BECAME AS A STUDENT

 He revealed qualities of natural leadership.

o He was chosen by the boys to be the chairman, leader and
spokesman.
 Rizal joined four exclusive societies:
o The Academy of Spanish Literature
o The Academy of Natural Science
o The Marian Congregation sodality of our lady
o The Apostle of friendship
 Segunda Katigbak- First romance of rizal
o Hailing from Lipa, Batangas, but studies in La Concordia College in
Paco, Manila
o Sister of Mariano Katigbak, who was Rizal’s friend
o Betrothed to Manuel Luz and ended up marrying him.
o Nicknamed as “K” in Rizal’s diary