The consequences of Fandom Involvement to Student’s Study Habits of Senior Highs

Students in Benthel Asia School of Technology - Cordova Campus in School year

2019-2020.

A Research Proposal
Presented to Ms. Eden Lee Inoc

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Practical Research 2

By:

Augusto, Mary Angelie S.

Mercader, Aljane S.
Paloso, Annalyn R.
Pacaldo, Giselle L.
Tiro, Vergie S.
Pacaldo, Kateross A.

OCTOBER 2019
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………………………………………. 1

DEDICATION …………………………………………………………... 2

ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………….. 3

CHAPTER 1 …………………………………………………………….. 4

RATIONALE OF THE STUDY ………………………………………...4

SETTING OF THE STUDY ……………………………………7

SIGNFICANCE OF STUDY ……………………………………8

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ………………………………10

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND ……………………………..11

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM …………………………….15

CHAPTER 2 RELATED STUDIES ………………………………………..18

FOREIGN ………………………………………………………………….18

LOCAL…………………………………………………………….40

CHAPTER 3 ……………………………………………………………..50

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ………………………………………….50

RESEARCH DESIGN ………………………………………………50

 RESEARCH RESPONDENTS ………………………………………51

RESEARCH INTRUMENTS ……………………………………….51

RESEARCH PROCEDURES ……………………………………….51

CHAPTER 4 ………………………………………………………………52

PRESENTATION OF ANALYSIS AND DATA ……………………….52

DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS …………………………………………..53

CHAPTER 5 ……………………………………………………………..58

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ……………………………………………58

CONCLUSION …………………………………………………………58

RECOMMENDATION ……………………………………………….59

BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………..61

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRES ……………………………………….62

TRANSMITTAL LETTER …………………………………………….64

CURRICULUM VITAE ………………………………………………..65

DOCUMENTARY ……………………………………………………..71
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to thank all who have contributed to our research in order to finish and

complete all the data that is needed.

Our team would like to thank first our Almighty God who have guide us throughout our

struggles in making this research. Through his goodness he had open doors for us to make this

research possible.

Next is our Practical Research teacher Ms. Eden Lee Inoc who have guided us throughout

the research . We thank you for giving us this opportunity in making this research. You have

given us the chance to learn a lot through this test.

Lastly, we would like to thank our parents who supported us for the needs to complete this

research.

All of them have helped us to make this successful. We would like to extend our gratitude

through this simple shout out.

May God Bless Us Always!

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 DEDICATION

This dedication we have to finish the Research is sincerely because of the people around us

who cheer for us.

Basically, the people who never failed to support us and carry us throughout the journey of

this one rocky road.

Also, to the readers of this Research we have put so much effort on this and hope this might

help you in some way.

Because of them we are able to find our dedication to finish this study about the involvement of

Fandom.

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 ABSTRACT

This study aims to investigate the students who are involved of Fandom. The purpose of this

study is to know the consequences of students’ study habit upon the involvement of fandom.

The respondents of this study are basically the students from Benthel Asia School of Technology

(BAST). The research method used is Quantitative research design. We discovered that most of

the Senior High School is involved of fandom. We decided to come up our study in BAST

because its near and easy to conduct our survey. The results confirm that when being in a

Fandom does affect your study habits, they lack time for studying. Due to lack of study or review

of lessons, students will gain small grades in school and only focus on their cellular phones with

their different fandoms.

Based on the findings of the study, the recommendations are to provide for the students that must

lessen of being addicted to their idols. It is said that the consequences of fandom will give effect

not just in school but also financially.

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 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study

Good study habits are the gateway to a successful achievement in studies. A

good study habit towards any subject is a combination of discipline, passion and strong will to

achieve a better academic performance (Fershie D. Yap). It is indeed, so tempting to go on your

phone and look at your bias' pictures. Because let's be honest, that is way more satisfying than

studying. It is very hard to get your favorite group out of your head when there is so much

distraction around us. If your phone could be a person, I am sure it would look at you like this

while you're doing homework.

According to Wikipedia fandom is a subculture composed of fans

characterized by a feeling of empathy camaraderie with others who share a common interest. The

subject of fan interest can be narrowly defined, focused on something like an individual celebrity,

or more widely defined, encompassing entire hobbies or fashions. A fandom can grow around

any area of human interest or activity. The subject of fan interest can be narrowly defined,

focused on something like an individual celebrity, or more widely defined, encompassing entire

hobbies, genres or fashions. While it is now used to apply to groups of people fascinated with

any subject, the term has its roots in those with an enthusiastic appreciation for sports.

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 According to the study of Grinell College, Fan culture, or fandom, is a term which

describes communities built around a shared enjoyment of an aspect of popular culture, such as

books, movies, movies, TV Shows, bands, sports or sports teams, etc. Fan culture are examples

of participatory cultures. Participatory cultures involve fans acting not only as consumers but

also as producers and creators of some form of creative media. Though most fan cultures,

including sports fans and fans of music groups, have elements of participatory culture, media

fandom in particular encourages creative expression and artistic production by its participants.

According to Joli Jenson the literature on fandom as a social and cultural

phenomenon is relatively sparse. What has been written is usually in relationship to discussions

of celebrity or fame. The fan is understood to be at least implicitly, a result of celebrity, the fan is

defined as a response to the star system. This means that passivity is ascribed to the fan, he /she

is shown as being brought into (enthralled) existence by the modern celebrity system, via the

mass media. The linking of fandom, celebrity and the mass media is an unexamined constant in

commentary on fandom.

According to an article in the Education Corner, “The key to becoming an

effective student is learning how to study smarter, not harder. This becomes more and more true

as you advance in your education.” Once children go to higher classes, they find it difficult to

keep up with their studies. But good study habits can help them study well and improve their

grades. This can be affected when we are engage through the involvement of fandom. Being a

member of a fandom you have to take a lot of responsibility since you are officially part of it.

You’ll spend money for it and may take time because of posting online about updates.

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 Modern fan culture originated with Star Trek fandom in the 1960s

(Helleckson and Busse, 2006). At the time, fans generally spread their creations through fanzines

or conventions. Recently, the Internet has allowed fan culture to become more widespread and

more accessible. Rather than submitting a work of fan fiction to a zine where, if accepted, it

would be photocopied along with other works and sent out to a mailing list, modern fans can post

their works online.

This is according to Sidney Hunt of Odyssey online, she stated that Fandom

is a term that is quickly sweeping the nation, and if you don’t understand what it is… Well, you

may be swept into a current of pop culture events and terms that you may not completely

understand. The definition of a fandom is basically the fans of particular TV shows, movies,

books, games, bands, whatever it is that can have a fan following. Calling oneself a part of a

fandom is relatively popular among the young adult generation. For certain properties, studios

and networks have decided to cater to fandom. In some cases, they don’t just cater, they rely on

this fandom.

A pre-existing fandom is a guaranteed audience and one that will buy

multiple tickets, Blu-rays, and toys. Plus, a lot of the people making movies and TV show

adaptations of old properties are fans themselves, and they’re more likely to be sensitive to

fandom critics. Writers and show runners are on social media, too, which makes them feel

“reachable” to fans. A feeling amplified when they do things like live tweet their shows, answer

questions, or defend controversial decisions on social media. None of this is bad on its own, what

is bad is the way certain fans have abused this newfound feeling of accessibility and ownership.

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 Setting of the Study

The setting of our study is basically our school the Benthel Asia School of Technology. Also

referred to as BAST-C, Benthel Asia School of Technology in Cordova, Cebu is a private

institution offering full scholarships to needy but deserving high school students. The Cordova

campus is a special place where learners get to enjoy both formal academic and skills-based

education. Our technical curriculum complies with the standards set by the Philippine

Department of Education. In addition to offering core subjects in mathematics, science, and

English, we hone in our students practical skills in dress making, culinary arts, electronics,

drafting, and carpentry. Built then for the full-time recipients of the Benthel Foundation, Inc.

scholarship in 2008, the campus today continues to reach out and extend its generosity to

underprivileged but deserving youth across Cordova and Mactan Island, Cebu.

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 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The results of the study will be of great benefit to the following:

The studies signify as information to the reader of this research. We gain experiences and

knowledge in conducting the study. This study may contribute developments for our research.

The Panel of Judges will have knowledge and information on different statements from the

respondents. This study also serves us the product of our hard work from the surveys and

references we have gathered.

STUDENTS. The results will provide the students how they use their being involved on fandoms

on their study habits. It will give realizations to the students that being involved with fandoms

will also make you motivated and inspired in your studies. At the end of the study, students

would finally realize that being involved on fandoms has also benefits on their studies.

TEACHERS. The given data would guide the teachers and have an idea on what to do with the

students who has been involved on fandoms. The teachers would be able to understand on why

students love to involve on fandoms and later on, help them.

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PARENTS. Like teachers, parents would understand why their child got involved on fandoms.

The given data would help them formulate and encourage their child to continue on involving

fandoms without worries for their grades. Overall, this research study will help students, teachers,

and parents in involving such activity without having low grades in their academics.

COMMUNITY- People living in the community will have knowledge on what fandom can affect

students’ study habits.

SCHOOL- The school will be aware about the students who are involved with their fandoms,

because this can greatly affect students life through engaging different activities in fan clubs.

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 Theoretical Framework

PARTICIPATORY
CULTURE

FANDOM

STUDENTS

Addictive Psychological Depression Waste of

Stress money

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 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

Mostly of fandom involvement are students especially on higher grade. Students applied

participatory culture with the use of social media. Through engagement of participatory culture,

it causes addiction. Addiction, on the other hand, is a psychological and physical inability to stop

consuming a chemical, drug, activity, or substance, even though it is causing psychological and

physical harm. It also caused psychological stress in which is a feeling of strain and pressure.

Stress is a type of psychological pain. Small amounts of stress may be desired, beneficial, and

even healthy. Positive stress helps improve athletic performance. It also plays a factor in

motivation, adaptation, and reaction to the environment. Depression is one of the effects, is a

common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and

how you act. Lastly, the waste of money, where it used to buy nonsense things just to meet your

standard of happiness.

FANDOM AND PARTICIPATORY CULTURE

Fan culture, or fandom, is a term which describes communities built around a shared enjoyment of

an aspect of popular culture, such as books, movies, TV shows, bands, sports or sports teams, etc.

Fan cultures are examples of participatory cultures. Participatory cultures involve fans acting not

only as consumers but also as producers and creators of some form of creative media. Though

most fan cultures, including sports fans and fans of music groups, have elements of participatory

culture, media fandom in particular encourages creative expression and artistic

11
production by its participants. Social hierarchies exist between and within fan cultures, which can

lead to judgment. Members of any subgroup tend to have a general consensus regarding which

behaviors are acceptable, i.e., which behaviors constitute true fans or desperate over conformers.

This dynamic is represented in the geek hierarchy.

While members benefit themselves by displaying commitment, “too strong an investment is

threatening even as that very affect is what centrally defines fans and geeks” (Busse 2006:79). For

example, a Star Trek fan who goes to a fan convention might consider herself more geeky than

someone whose involvement with the show ends at watching it, but less geeky than another Star

Trek fan who speaks Klingon (a language of one of the show’s alien races). Defining a place for

oneself in fan culture depends on navigating the fine line between professionalism, consumerism,

expertise, and commitment.

In fan cultures, these creations and artistic expressions take the form of fan fiction, fan art, fan

videos, cosplay, filk songs, and other interactions with a person, group, or fictional universe. Fan

fiction consists of stories written by fans of a particular work of fiction (rather than the original

creator) about the fictional characters or universe. Fan videos, or fanvids, set clips of a movie or

TV show to music and/or construct a narrative using clips from multiple source materials. Filk

songs are a type of folk music, usually with science-fiction, fantasy, or other fictional universes as

the subject. Cosplay is the practice of wearing costumes or other clothing and accessories in an

attempt to portray a fictional character.

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 FANDOMS AND IDENTITY

Participation in fan culture is often gendered, and a given fan activity’s place in internal

hierarchies is often correlated to the gender of the participants. For example, the vast majority of

fan fiction writers are women (Coppa 2013). Generally, ‘transformative’ activities – such as

creating fan fiction, fan art, fanvids, etc – are associated with female fans. Conversely, ‘curative’

or ‘affirmational’ activities, such as memorizing trivia or collecting merchandise, tend to be

associated with male fans.

Though the two types of fan activity are not mutually exclusive, and though people of all genders

engage in any given form of activity, the gendered stereotypes associated with each type of

fandom is reflected in whether those who engage in those activities are treated as ‘serious’

fans. Henry Jenkins writes that “the largely female composition of media fandom reflects a

historical split within the science fiction fan community between the traditionally

male-dominated literary fans and the newer more feminine style of media fandom”

(1992:48). This split is reflected in the creative output produced by (primarily female) fans: fan

fiction often brings female experiences into source texts which are generally written by and about

men, often challenging norms of gender and sexuality.

In her article on geek hierarchies and gendering, Kristina Busse (2013) delves further into how

gender informs the perceptions of particular fan behaviors. Not only do certain branches of the

subculture such as those engaged in fan fiction become coded unfavorably towards a particular

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gender, but the way in which media depicts female fans casts them in a desperate and disgraceful

light. Busse describes how the television program Supernatural, whose fanbase is primarily

female, depicts gender bias in its representation of a particular female fan at a convention in

episode 5×09.

Rather than granting her character traits such as engagement, curiosity, and commitment, the

episode illustrates her as sexually aggressive and obnoxious towards the show’s male subjects.

According to Busse, “this mean-spirited and hateful representation of female fans seems strange,

and yet it suggests the intended viewer’s subject position as clearly not that of a fangirl”(2013:82).

14

The Problem:
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to know the consequences of Fandom Involvement to Student’s Study

Habits of Senior Highs Students in Benthel Asia School of Technology - Cordova Campus in

School year 2019-2020.

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions.

1. ) What are the profile of the students in terms of;

1. ) Age
2. Gender

3. ) What are the consequences of fandom involvement of senior high school students interms

of;

2.1) Study Habit

2.2) Academic Performance

3.) Is there a significant relationship between; academic performance of the student?

3.1) fandom involvement and;

3.2) fandom involvement and study habit?

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Research Environment
 Researchers conducted the research where the students get involved in fandoms particularly in

Benthel Asia School of Technology – Cordova Campus. This is the environment of our research,

we went to Benthel Asia School of Technology – Cordova Campus for our research findings

about the consequences of being involved in a fandom.

Definition of Terms:

Fandom- According to Wikipedia a fandom is a subculture composed of fans characterized by a

feeling of empathy and camaraderie with others who share a common interest. This is where they

participate in different culture their idol has distinct with.

Fandom Involvement- According to the study from Grinnell College, Fandom involvement can

be also refer to as Fan culture. This is a term which describes communities built around a shared

enjoyment of an aspect of popular culture, such as books, movies, TV shows, bands, sports or

sports teams, etc. Fan cultures are examples of participatory cultures. Participatory cultures

involve fans acting not only as consumers but also as producers and creators of some form of

creative media. Though most fan cultures, including sports fans and fans of music groups, have

elements of participatory culture, media fandom in particular encourages creative expression and

artistic production by its participants.

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Consequences- There are many ways of being affected and can cause such consequences from

variety of aspects in a society. One of it are the involvement of fandom wherein students are

engage with activities from their own fan clubs. Due to this circumstance the students study habit

will be affected so as their grades. According to Merriam Webster, consequences is something

produced by a cause or necessarily following from a set of conditions.

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 CHAPTER II

RELATED STUDIES

OR

LITERATURE BACKGROUND

This chapter contains the Studies of the different researchers around the world. It is

subdivided into two parts the International Studies and the Local Studies.

FOREIGN

A fan girl is a female fan who supports her idol. The idol may be a dancer, a singer or an actor.

She shows her dedication to her idol by supporting all of his or her activities, buying their

merchandise, watching him or her perform onstage and by sending him letters. There are many

causes why a normal girl would become a fan girl. And there are many effects as well that can

affect her life in the future or in her present-day life.

K-Pop fan girls are not all born, some are made. One reason why they are made is because of

their friends who provoke them to become fan girls. When they are already fan girls, they’ll start

listening to songs and watch music videos, and then they'll possibly fall in love with it all, not

just to their songs and videos but also the ones who perform them.

Being a K-Pop fan is more than just adoring K-Pop idols. We are learning how to value things. It

is love. It is all about sacrifices, because fan girls would do everything for their biases (K-pop

idol crushes) whether it is good or bad. Sometimes,

18
 fan girls are crossing their limitations, such as learning to wander off without asking for

permission to your parents, learn to lie, be war freaks (especially if they are talking bad about

your bias), disobey their parents, not focusing on their studies anymore and and being judged by

other people, which lead them to the bad effects.

Of course, not all of the effects are bad, there are also good effects, like discovering many things,

learning to be more thrifty, being more friendly and having many friends, learning how to share,

learning how to respect other cultures and learn Hangul (Korean language), you could showcase

your talent, give your best shot, appreciate, give thanks, be outspoken, be strong, learn how to

love (true love) and also focus on your studies for bias.

“Experience is the best teacher." We learn best when we enjoy what we're doing. Like for

example, fangirling (what fangirls do). Once you enter it, you can't go back. If you enjoy the

things that you do then you won't have any problems. There may be times that are hard, that you

think you can't surpass it and you feel like giving up. Just always remember that your friends are

always there for you, to help you all the time and also your family that will support you in

whatever you do and want to do, and that includes being a fan girl.

K-Pop bands are not simply perceived as pretty and talented people to be admired from afar.

They are seen as the ultimate embodiment of “ideal self” achieved through hard work.

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The work of transforming from an ordinary mortal into a K-pop star is often well documented

through groups’ official social media feeds or behind-the-scenes videos. Polished (often

cosmetically enhanced) appearances are seen as the hallmark of investment in self.

K-pop band members also work hard to reduce social distance between themselves and their fans;

either by meeting them in person or using social media. In a recent tweet, BTS member J-Hope

posted a photo in anticipation The use of purple heart emojis has a special significance,

representing the connection the band and BTS fans share.

Frequent live stream interactions with fans via Instagram live or South Korean video service

VLive also reduce the social distance between idols and fans, who can quickly build a real sense of

attachment to their idol.

As “ideal selves”, K-pop stars rarely say or do anything controversial and are thus stable,

predictable role models. (Although when they do trip up, as happened recently with the former Big

Bang boy band member Seungri, the fall from grace can be swift).

K-pop fandom involves much more than buying merchandise or attending concerts – fans are

cultural producers themselves. They run fan sites, create self-designed band merchandise and

produce fan chants: lyrics shouted out during performances at collectively agreed points of the

song. of a fan meet the following day, with the line “Thank you Army! See you tomorrow!”.

20
Fan chants are also popular in Japan, but K-pop fans have taken them to a new level. They are

disseminated through fan sites and social media.

Fan clubs even have unique pet names bands use, such as Exo-L (“L” for the love the band has for

their fans) and V.I.P. for Big Bang (denoting how each fan is important to them).

Committed K-pop fans also demonstrate their dedication through orchestrated mass voting to

ensure the bands’ success in music charts and awards. In return, the idols acknowledge the

importance of their fans, and actively seek to nurture this relationship.

“Thank you to ARMYs for giving us such a big happiness. We will never forget the magical time

we had with you at the Magic Shop”, said BTS in a tweet after wrapping up the fan meetings in

Seoul and Busan. The Seoul event was beamed live to global audiences – allowing for those

outside Korea to “take part” through live streaming and commenting.

Psychology on Fandom:

Two concepts are crucial with media psychology to understand fandom: identification and

parasocial interaction (PSI). The latter term stands for the social interaction between audiences

and media figures as if in a typical social relationship (Giles, 2002). Cohen (1999: 329) defines

PSI as a relationship in which 'the viewer is engaged in a role relationship with a television

persona.' Although most PSI research focuses on television, the concept can also be applied to

pop stars and movie actors. While in early studies PSI was often considered to compensate for a

lack of 'real' social contacts (Rosengren and Windahi, 1972), later studies showed how PSI does

21
not correlate to loneliness or escapism (Robin and McHugh, 1987). Perse and Robin (1989)

showed that people use fundamentally the same cognitive processes in both interpersonal and

mediated communication. Robin and McHugh (1987) distinguished three types of attraction in

PSI: social, physical and task attraction. They found that social attraction (i.e the media figure

could be a friend) was most important. Apart from PSI, Cohen (1999) mentions other three

possible ways of relating to media personalities: First, identification, characterized by the sharing

of perspective . Second, wishful identification, characterized by the desire to emulate the figure

with which we identify in general or specific terms. Third, affinity, referring to the liking of

media characters without identifying with them, or forming a parasocial relationship. (For a lucid

meta-study on PSI, see Giles, 2002.) However useful this terminology can be for analyzing

fandom, in focusing solely on the relationship between a person and the text, it largely fails to

account for the social dimension of fandom. In particular, fans constitute vibrant interpretative

communities.

Understanding fandom is a well-researched, clearly organized, and forcefully argued revisionist

treatise. Mark Duffet, Senior Lecturer in Media and Cultural Studies at the University of Chester

(UK), has crafted an innovative, positive study on media fan culture that challenges previous

negative interpretations of Theodor Adorno and many other 20th century writers. Duffets

arguments are both convincing and ground- breaking . He rejects the assumptions and assertions

of traditional thinkers, whether sociologists, psychologist, or anthropologists about the nature of

fandom. This earlier commentators had described fan as "prime representatives of the masses;

22
 as consumers alienated by broadcast media and separated from cultural production; as sexually

repressed, clinically obsessed or spiritually misguided; as crowds and unruly sycophants or

isolated, initialized fetishists" (287). Duffet also condemns those critiques that have

characterized fans lived as daydreams, delusions, and fantasies developed to compensate for

either social inadequacy of personal loss. The author counters these charges of obsession and

fixation with numerous examples of dedication and fascination drawn from recent scholarly

research or from his own experiences with healthy fan behavior. Undeniably, fandom is rooted in

individual engagement that are often reinforced via social participation. These interactions occur

in fan clubs, record collecting and exchanging, concert attendance, film premiers, flash mobs,

group TV viewing, raves and even memorial or funeral gatherings. Fans are active rather than

passive; they are multifaceted followers of famous beings rather than just monolithic zombies;

and they are aggressive investigators and critical commentators rather than docile receptors.

Duffet notes that Internet communication options among media fans have created a broadly

informed and swiftly critical cadre of observers of activities, performances, and media releases

of contemporary singers, actors, or authors. Duffet is unapologetic about occasional incidents of

extremism among fans . Clearly, he views fandom as an overwhelming positive contribution

both to personal well-being and to group pleasure.

The South Korean TV networks began airing dramas regularly in the early 1960’s. At that time

most dramas were made to educate the public and support the military government.

23
Moreover, TV Korean dramas began to become popular form of family entertainment. However,

with the boom of Korean dramas, the military government began imposing tighter controls over

the “poor taste” content and required the networks to allocate more broadcasting time to news

and educational programmers. Later on, in the year 1980’s, the variety of Korean dramas

increased, the Korean tv networks began offering trending dramas, focusing on the lives and love

stories of the younger generation to attract young viewers(Kalbi, 2016).

Filipino Teenagers In a study presented by Magtortor (2013) it revealed that, the rising

popularity of Korean Culture throughout the world made a great impact on the lives of the

teenagers in today’s generation with its teledramas, films, pop music etc. In her paper it founded

that, youths are the one who are most influenced by the Korean wave and one of those are the

Filipino youths.

Those youths are exposed to the different kinds and genres of music and Korean dramas. In

going to school, you can easily observed that Korean sensations are almost everywhere.

You can notice that students are listening and singing songs in Korean language, talked about

their favorite Korean dramas then admire the actors and actresses in the movie and sometimes

impersonate their idol looks.

Effects toward watching kdrama According to Casasola(2017), Korean dramas are undeniably

addictive. The plot can go from cliché but subtle to deep and unpredictable which is probably the

main reasons to why we super love it. The way the elements and the story are presented in a

different ways,

24
adding the fact that Korean actors/actresses are certainly adorable for our lives. It simply is hard

to resist charms of Korean actors/actresses and the impressive storylines that either blows our

mind and makes us extremely kilig.

The rapid spread of kpop in our country has made a great impact on our people. More and more

students in our school are being influenced by the groove and rhythm of kpop music. Kpop fits in

our generation particularly in the 21st generation which has already accepted the Kpop

civilization. Most schools in the Philippines has been also conquered by the kpop music, it has

ruled the school. Kpop generation is caused by globalization through the use of internet. That is

why most of us people are updated in the happenings in our world. And like many other

organizations in the internet, organizations’ regarding Kpop is one of them.

Facebook, Twitter and many other are social networking cites where group of people in favor of

Kpop are present. We had made questions concerning about what are the psychological effects of

kpop and will it affect the academic performance in the students in our school. We gathered

concepts regarding pop culture (how pop music is accepted and talked from the people) and

fandom theory (how fandom was utilized and enacted throughout people) to further analyze and

to complete this research. The respondents were the 3rd and fourth year classes of Lorma

Colleges Special Science High School (LCSSHS) students excluding our class. This study will

contribute for better understanding of people about the significance of kpop on the fans, and how

it will affect people’s lives.

25
Fandom, as a community or subculture composed of fans of particular objects or persons in any

human interests or activities, such as science fiction films, books, video games, music & bands,

sport teams, celebrities (athletic or movie stars), and brands, etc. Fans are typically characterized

by religion-like faith, passion and partisan, with strong emotional attachment and devotion to the

object or person (Wang, et al., 2018; 2019). They voluntarily invest a significant portion of their

resources (time, money and energy) with particular ritualistic and evangelistic behaviors (i.e.,

member gathering, collection of goods, storytelling, and spreading faith to convert

non-believers).

Fandoms are now widely observed in all aspects of contemporary consumer life thanks to the

fast development of Internet and social media when fan clubs become virtual communities

connecting fans around world. From marketing perspective, a strong fandom provides a

competitive advantage for a firm or a brand with a group of loyal and enthusiastic consumers in

brand co-building process. For example, Apple fandom not only devotes to use the iPhone but

also converts it to the “Jesus Phone” (Campbell and Pastina, 2010). The economic value and

psychological implication of fandom phenomenon to the society and consumer culture are

significant.

The digital revolution has had a profound impact upon fandom, empowering and disempowering,

blurring the lines between producers and consumers, creating symbiotic relationships between

powerful corporations and individual fans, and giving rise to new forms of cultural production.

Some fans revel in the new opportunities presented by digital technologies, while others lament

the digitally enabled encroachment of corporate power into every space of fandom. Fans and

26
fans have for some time been debating the effect of these new dynamics upon fan practices and

fan communities within blogs and online journals such as Flow and The Journal of

Transformative Works and Cultures. Although there has been some movement into the academic

mainstream via the recent Cinema Journal “In Focus: Fandom and Feminism: Gender and the

Politics of Fan Production,” the debate deserves wider consideration.

The issues raised by fans and acafans have consequences not only for fandom but also for all

fields of digital production and consumption. This article highlights some of the common themes

emerging in the debate and considers the implications for the reconfigured relationships between

producer and consumer in the digital economy. But let us first examine these reconfigured

relationships through the lens of Battlestar Galactica, the science-fiction epic that chronicled

humanity’s search for its lost planet of origin, Earth.

Imagined interactions (IIs) as used by sport team fans were examined in conjunction with sport

team identification (STI) and with behavioral outcomes and psychological effects. Sport team

fans more strongly influenced by family in the STI process utilize IIs for catharsis, conflict

linkage, relational maintenance, and rehearsal. Furthermore, sport team fans affected by media

popularity employ IIs for catharsis, and sport team fans swayed by geography make use of IIs for

relational maintenance. Sport team fans predisposed toward using IIs for catharsis, conflict

linkage, and relational maintenance report higher self-esteem. Identified sport team fans who use

catharsis, conflict linkage, and relational maintenance report a greater inclination to commit

negative social behaviors as a result of team performance. Conversely, those who use

27
IIs for rehearsal have a decreased tendency to commit undesirable social behaviors. II functions

partially mediate the direct association between STI factors and outcomes, whereby more

negative behaviors and positive psychological effects such as self-esteem represent the

outcomes.

According to, ” http://www.teenvogue.com “being a fan girl also spend more money. Money

is really a big deal for all fan girl in this universe. They need money to buy meet and greet ticket,

concert ticket, merchandise, internet quota, and all stuff like that just to get close to their idol.

This kind of fan girl may give bad impacts for their economics life,if they get money by

themselves is their own problem, but what if they depend on their parents. Wouldn’t it make all

parents suffer?

The other effect of being a fan girl is that we can learn how to control ourselves. If you want to

be a fan girl, then you must have the skill to control yourself. Being a fan girl reduces stress,

doing what you love is a great idea to reduce stress. If you can learn how to control yourselves

bad impacts won’t apply on you and this will help you to prepare more for your future.

Getting bad impacts or good impacts by being a fan girls depend on how you manage yourselves.

From the article ” https://xanister.wordpress.com//” it says that as long as you do it on the

right time nothing bad will happen. Being a fan girl help you meet new people but if you don’t use

it wisely, it’ll end up by you getting into a serious problem. Fangerling actually help you to

decrease stress, so dint let the lazy side of you ruin it.

28
 According to Wann and James (2018), identity formation starts with socialization. Those

factors that contribute to identity formation are called socialization agents. ...

... Building on previous literature that focuses on the socialization and outcomes of sport fandom,

the current study has taken a further step in operationalizing fan socialization in geographic

regions where a sport is new.

Although the fans share of the socialization factors found in traditional socialization

literature has been explored, such as influence from family and friends (McPherson, 1976;Wann

& James, 2018) and media exposure (Frederiksen, 2003), some new themes and patterns have

also emerged in the current study. While the findings of this study show the important influence

of family and friends, as identified in previous studies (McPherson, 1976;Wann and James, 2018)

the form their influence takes differs.

Although the fans share of the socialization factors found in traditional socialization literature

has been explored, such as influence from family and friends (McPherson, 1976;Wann & James,

2018) and media exposure (Frederiksen, 2003), some new themes and patterns have also

emerged in the current study. While the findings of this study show the important influence of

family and friends, as identified in previous studies (McPherson, 1976;Wann and James, 2018)

the form their influence takes differs. That is, instead of being influenced by friends at school or

as a part of a long-standing family tradition, participants in this study were influenced by friends

they met online through social media or by family members who were forming a new tradition

together.

29
Fans express their fandom in a variety of ways and this study delved specifically on anime fans’

fandom expressions. These include consumption and production of related media, and those not

involving media products. Guided by the theoretical concepts of John Fiske’s Fan Productivity

and Anthony Giddens’ Structuration theory, this study aimed to (1) identify and describe the

different forms of expression that anime fans engage in; and (2) identify the factors that affect

the way fans express their fandom. The study conducted interviews through the Reflexive

Dyadic method to self-proclaimed anime fans gathered through convenience and snowball

sampling. This study proved that anime fans tend to consume/produce anime-related media

products as expressions of their fandom. At the same time, convergence occurs in the media

industries as fans follow the products in whatever platform they are. But with the manifestation

of the confluence culture, changing of platforms does not necessarily happen the way it was

before with the digital platform. Furthermore, anime fans engage in non-media product-related

expressions to fulfill their needs and wants that the media cannot provide as they integrate

fandom in their everyday lives. The interplay of human agency and social structures were seen as

factors that affect the fandom expressions of fans.

Societal practices, norms, fandom culture, social relationships, financial capital, and availability

and accessibility of media and non-media products play huge roles as social structures enabling

and constraining the fans in their expression of fandom. But in the end, how fans express their

fandom is determined more by their personal preferences and interests and willingness to invest

what they have. An interesting

30
point of analysis that the study found out is that anime does not only affect the media industry as

a whole, but also other industries not directly related to it as the effect of non-media

product-related fandom expressions. Furthermore, though piracy has long been a problem in the

media industry, fans can still actually support the industry or even the country of Japan

indirectly.

The word fan usually connotes a negative meaning in everyday discourse. As a matter of fact,

Jenkins (1992) points out that this kind of connotation has been present ever since the term was

coined. This is because the word fan comes from the Latin term fanaticus, which means ‗of or

belonging to the temple, a temple servant, a devotee, of persons inspired by orgiastic rites and

enthusiastic frenzy‘ (ibid.). In contemporary media 10 studies, however, fans are more often seen

as the epitome of an active audience—an audience that consumes selectively according to its

needs, and actively produces its own meanings out of the media texts it consumes. Furthermore,

it has been established that fan productivity can go beyond the production of meanings at a

personal level to a production of entirely new bodies of cultural text.

This practice of fan-production is seen by some as a form of empowerment in that it provides

fans a creative venue to express their passions, other than just listening to or watching the objects

of their fandom. As Paul Willis in Common Cultures (1990) states: Young people‘s interest in

music-making and performance invariably begins from their activities as consumers, fans and

dancers, and from the aesthetics and

31
pleasures of listening to and liking particular styles of music… The sense of empowerment

achieved by being able to play an instrument and reproduce the sounds of a favorite record is a

common starting point for young musicians. (p. 79) Henry Jenkins in Textual Poachers (1992)

focused on this aspect of fan culture, rejecting the view of the fan as a passive and irrational

consumer. Jenkins was also one of the first to read fan communities as a subculture. Although

Jenkins‘ case studies center on television and science fiction fans, much of his readings and

findings about fan-produced texts are still applicable to other fandoms such as popular music.

Nowadays, it is impossible to talk about any culture product without mentioning its fans. The

Internet has changed the role of fans in the production process. Formerly, the fans’ choice was

almost as simple as the question “to buy or not to buy”, “to watch or not to watch”, and so on,

but these days, with such a powerful tool as the Internet, fans have gained a way to express their

desires and hopes and their voice cannot be disregarded, because it often means “to be or not to

be” for many companies. But the issue of the income is only a small part of the vast topic that

fan communities (fandoms) are. The article analyzes the way the fans are using social media, the

communication context and fans involvement in presumption culture.

The present study expands on current theorizing about fandom by considering how communal

involvement with popular media extends beyond pleasure and is more strongly associated with

the search for meaning. Using the context of one of the most widespread media phenomena

dominating popular culture—the Harry Potter franchise,

32
 results of an online questionnaire (N = 235) indicated that individual differences among fans

(i.e., narrative exposure and eudaimonic motivation or the desire to seek meaning from

entertainment) predicted involvement in fan communities. Further, perceived membership in fan

communities enhanced enjoyment, appreciation, physiological reactions, knowledge acquisition,

and intentions to seek fan-related materials. Implications for expanding entertainment

scholarship in the study of meaningful media related to fandom and our understanding of

contemporary forms of fandom in light of new technological affordances are discussed.

(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

Fans are those who identify with the enthusiastic engagement with a text. This text might be a

book series, a tv show, a sporting team, or a fashion label. If we think about ways of theorizing

identity, we can start to see that “fan” is an identity option that an individual can choose to

deploy based on actual or perceived feedback from others. Fandom is often a shared identity

performance. This section will take a look at one example of a media fandom, but it might be

worth thinking about other fans you know (such as sporting fans) and see how many of these

identity and reception roles they also adopt.

Bronies are adult fans of the animated series My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic. The term

comes from the words ‘bro’ and ‘pony.’ Bronies are generally teens and older, usually male,

usually educated. And they are a very active audience of this show.

33
Bronies as a fandom are interesting to look at for a number of reasons. One is that they conduct

their own census, which is very handy for media researchers! Another is that Bronies fit a

number of reception categories simultaneously.

Firstly, they are an audience in the sense of a mass audience. They watch the show. They buy

DVDs and figurines. The producers of the show may not have set out to attract this particular

demographic, but now that they have it, the show’s producers cater to it as they are writing,

producing, and even creating merchandise for the show.

Secondly, bronies are users. This status as users is part of their behavior as active fans, in that

they exchange information, remix content, have their own websites and clearinghouses of

information, and interact with each other. They form social and fan networks within which

they share their passion for the ponies.

Thirdly, bronies are prosumers. Prosumer is a portmanteau of producer and consumer, and

prosumers drive the remix culture. Remix is where users take existing content and texts, often

mass produced texts, and pull them apart to use the pieces to construct new texts.

34
A favorite form of prosumer text is the fanvid. Texts such as fanvids reconstruct the object of

fandom not only through the lense of that fandom (which emerges from the collective experience

of the fan network), but also within the wider cultural contexts in which these fans exist. Take

for example this My Little Pony fanvid which remixes or ‘mashes’ My Little Ponies as a fandom

object with another favorite media text of this demographic, the film The Watchmen (which is

not a text likely to be popular with the original pre-teen target audience of My Little Pony:

Friendship is Magic.)

Prosumers take the idea of the active audience to a whole new level. In the age of the mass

audience, the active audience was seen as someone yelling back at the screen, or talking about

what they had seen or heard over the water cooler at work or school the next morning. And that

still happens. But now, thinking of audiences also as an aggregate of users means that the

active audiences not only talk back to the screen – they use screens to construct their own texts in

a process of bricolage and re-consumption. In this case – taking pieces of My Little Pony:

Friendship Is Magic and marrying them to pieces of a completely different pop culture text that

also appeals to this audience demographic to create something that is both the product of and

speaks directly to themselves as audiences and users, and as fans.

The digital revolution has had a profound impact upon fandom, empowering and disempowering,

blurring the lines between producers and consumers, creating symbiotic relationships

35
between powerful corporations and individual fans, and giving rise to new forms of cultural

production. Some fans revel in the new opportunities presented by digital technologies, while

others lament the digitally enabled encroachment of corporate power into every space of fandom.

Fans and acafans have for some time been debating the effect of these new dynamics upon fan

practices and fan communities within blogs and online journals such as Flow and The Journal of

Transformative Works and Cultures. Although there has been some movement into the academic

mainstream via the recent Cinema Journal “In Focus:

Fandom and Feminism: Gender and the Politics of Fan Production,” the debate deserves wider

consideration. The issues raised by fans and acafans have consequences not only for fandom but

also for all fields of digital production and consumption. This article highlights some of the

common themes emerging in the debate and considers the implications for the reconfigured

relationships between producer and consumer in the digital economy. But let us first examine

these reconfigured relationships through the lens of Battlestar Galactica, the science-fiction epic

that chronicled humanity’s search for its lost planet of origin, Earth.

The music industry has vigorously prosecuted peer-to-peer sites such as Napster, arguing that the

online duplication and distribution of music files decreases CD sales. Empirical evidence of the

decline in CD sales supports the industry’s case. Nor has the music industry yet found a

successful business model for monetizing peer-to-peer file sharing. Unlike the music industry,

36
which has a first-order commodity relationship with its consumers, selling a product directly to

them, advertising-supported television has a second-order commodity relationship with its

consumers, indirectly selling the sponsors’ products rather than directly selling the text itself.

Piracy has different implications for first- and second-order commodity producers; the former

will always suffer from piracy but the latter may sometimes benefit. While no producer has as

yet actively encouraged piracy, many producers now actively seek ways to benefit from fan

prosumers by indirectly monetizing user-generated content for the purposes of promotion. In

2007, the BSG producers attempted to do precisely this, enlisting fans to produce ancillary

content for their promotional activities. The BSG site invited fans to “be a part of Battlestar

Galactica” by making a four-minute tribute film, the best of which would be aired on television.

The site offered a menu of downloadable audio and video clips that would “help give your

videos the Battlestar look and sound”; any additional material had to be originally produced

(Battlestar Galactica). Acafan Julie Russo (2009) argues that this producer solicitation of user

generated content differs markedly from fan practices. She asserts that vidders (fans who

produce mashups of popular songs and television footage) participate in egalitarian and

nonhierarchical communities, an example of what Russo terms “horizontal creativity.” By

contrast, producer solicitations of fan-generated materials “typically feature a top-down

arrangement that attempts, through its interface and conditions, to contain excessive fan

productivity within proprietary commercial spaces” (2009, p. 127). Russo’s criticisms may stem

from a rather romantic and utopian conception of fannish communities;

37
 fans enthusiastically engaging in the BSG and similar initiatives might not share this conception.

Some fans might have no interest either in producing their own content or in engaging with

fan-produced content.

For years, Beliebers stood above all other fan armies on social media. For six years straight

beginning in 2011, Justin Bieber topped the likes of Taylor Swift, One Direction, Selena Gomez

and more to win the Top Social Artist Award at the Billboard Music Awards, one of the two

fan-voted awards at the annual show.

But 2017 marked a noted departure when a seven-member boy band from South Korea shook

things up, becoming the first K-pop group to reach the top 10 of the Billboard 200 Chart. BTS

and their fans -- the BTS ARMY -- deftly ended Bieber's six-year streak to win the Top Social

Artist Award at the Billboard Music Awards to the tune of more than 300 million votes

worldwide. (Fans voted by tweeting the hashtag #BTSBBMAs.)

Even some of the biggest fanbases --Taylor Swift, Beyoncé and Justin Bieber -- are relatively

"normal." (Normal here means they fall between the two red outer lines in the graph above.)

Over the past two months, Swift averaged around 91,000 Twitter mentions per week. That is

about 15,000 more than expected for an artist with her 85 million followers.

38
Beyoncé performed better, seeing almost three times as many weekly mentions as other artists

with similar reach. Bieber saw close to 390,000 mentions in the past week, while he was

expected to see right under 100,000.

While Bieber and Beyoncé both significantly outperformed other artists with similar reach,

there are a small number of artists who are way out of this range, who massively, epically

outpace other artists in their reach neighborhood.

Looking at the 20 artists who outperform the norm most drastically, K-pop acts make up a

majority, with well over half. Many of the others are boy bands from across the globe: America's

Why Don't We and PRETTYMUCH, the U.K.'s New Hope Club and Latin America's CNCO.

But there are two acts, both K-pop, who leave the rest in the dust. First is Exo, the nine-member

boy band formed in 2012 who have been called by some "the kings of K-Pop." For an artist

with Exo's reach on Twitter, Next Big Sound would expect around 1,700 over the past two

months. In the past week, they saw over 24 million, more than 14,000 times what's expected.

They're followed closely by BTS, who have a Twitter audience that's about five times the size of

Exo's. Over the past two months, BTS saw over 36 million mentions, nearly 4,000 times as many

as Next Big Sound’s expected rate.

39
LOCAL

On October 24, 2015, #ALDubEBTamangPanahon broke Twitter by bringing in more than

forty-one million tweets within 24 hours (Hegina 2015). It surpassed a world record set during

the 2014 FIFA World Cup in the competition between Brazil and Germany. AlDub is a Filipino

supercouple or love team composed of matinee idol and actor Alden Richards and YouTube

dubsmasher Maine Mendoza, nicknamed YayaDub after her character in the Filipino noontime

show Eat Bulaga. That day, members of AlDub Nation, the moniker for AlDub's legions of fans,

flocked to a sold-out charity event in the fify-five-thousand-seat Philippine Arena—considered

one of the biggest concert arenas in the nation—to witness the couple meeting without any

restrictions for the first time and potentially starting to date after months of making the most of

their romance on split screen. This event was broadcast on live national television. Prior to the

event, AlDub was also marked as a consistent trend setter on Twitter, with #ALDubEBforLove

garnering twenty-six million tweets on September 26, and twelve million tweets for

#ALDUBMostAwaitedDate on September 19 of the same year.

The AlDub Nation is a fandom that is ripe for analysis. Firstly, it is a fandom wherein a large

part of the Philippine diaspora population is noticeably visible (note 1). Secondly, AlDub gives

us a picture of what media convergence (Jenkins 2008) looks like outside of North America and

Europe and other Asian media empires such as Japan and Korea (Iwabuchi 2002; Shim 2006).

Thirdly, the dynamics of AlDub Nation indicate the ways in which fandom can become a space

to demonstrate citizenship and ways of belonging. In this essay,

40
I explore all those points and signal the importance of diasporic fans in the study of fandom. The

study of fans within diasporas can give insights into the effects of globalization and

deterritorialization (Appadurai 1996) and ways in which belonging and identification are

expressed.

Eat Bulaga, the show wherein AlDub had its beginnings, is the Philippines' longest running

noontime television show; it started in 1979 and is run mostly by comedians. As a variety show,

it features a number of segments, including talent shows, beauty contests, and shows for charity.

While this form of television is definitely considered a form of old media, shows of this format

have in the past few years included the use of social media to facilitate social interaction and to

attract more millennials and Filipino migrants as audiences. Indeed, the Philippines lags behind

in terms of ICT speeds and infrastructure (Camus 2018), but it has a technologically engaged

millennial population, particularly on mobile and social media (Revesencio 2015).

Moreover, its large overseas worker population numbering in the millions, many of them women,

reportedly utilizes mobile technology as a way of connecting with family members across time

and space (Uy-Tioco 2007). Indeed, within the Philippine media industry, AlDub has received

much praise for bringing together the nation's largest audience groups: Filipino households,

millennials, and the overseas population (Benguan 2015).

41
Love teams, or industry-supported romantic pairings, have been staples of Philippine cinema and

television since the 1920s (Belleza 2017). They play huge roles in making films and shows more

marketable. Apart from AlDub, other popular love teams include JaDine (James Reid and

Nadine Lustre), KathNiel (Kathryn Bernardo and Daniel Padilla), and LizQuen (Liza Soberano

and Enrique Gil). A number of them have their own social media campaign managers (and

sometimes armies of Twitter bots), often using the very same infrastructure utilized in Philippine

election campaigns (Thinking Machines 2016; Ressa 2016). AlDub is no exception, but in

comparison to a number of Filipino love teams, part of the couple's appeal to the Filipino public

is their reel-real romance, which often blurs the line between illusion and reality.

Many studies on fandoms mostly have been focused on local communities. The existence of a

fandom such as AlDub Nation begs for a translocal analysis of transnational fandoms,

particularly as the case of AlDub indicates the importance of diaspora communities within

fandoms. Future studies can look more into the various texts and rhetorics that tie these

communities together and the various ways in which they use technology to organize and express

belonging.

Philippines’ Twitter timeline in 2018 was ruled by the entertainment industry. As 2018 bids

farewell, Filipinos have proven that Twitter is the go-to platform to track #WhatsHappening in

the Pinoy entertainment scene, as it dominated the conversation this year once again.

42
This 2018, entertainment remained to be the biggest conversation driver among Pinoy users. It

was a year top-billed by local and international talents from #BTS and #EXO to #MaineMendoza

and #Mayward. Not only did Filipino teleseryes like #Bagani and movies like #TheHowsOfUs

rock the screens, it also ruled the Twitterverse as fandoms all over the country raved about their

idols on the platform.

Over the years, Filipinos use hashtags to stay updated on various topics which they are most

passionate of. For this year, the Pinoy K-Pop fans ruled over as they unite all over the world to

keep updated on their favorite idols. Here are the Top 10 hashtags in the Philippines in 2018:

1. #BTS — Filipino fans and supporters of the Korean boy band, Bangtan Boys (@BTS_twt),

dominated this year’s top hashtag. BTS fans continue to show their love for their idols across the

country through the platform. Looking back, Filipino fans rooted for them at the Kids’ Choice

Awards, which contributed to the band’s success in winning the orange blimp for Favorite

Global Music Star.

2. #EXO — The K-Pop scene is truly strong in the Philippines. Filipino fans didn’t fail the band

as it took the spot as this year’s top hashtag as they kept Twitter alight of their support for their

idols. 2018 is a memorable year for PHIXO-Ls as they have witnessed EXO’s (@weareoneEXO)

comeback through a concert in the country, EXO PLANET #4 last April 28, 2018. Fans

expressed their warm support for the band at the Mall of Asia Arena and on the Twitter platform.

43
3. #MORPinoyBiga10 — My Only Radio or MOR 101.9 For Life (@mor1019) has been known

for supporting Original Pilipino Music. As such, every weekend it does a weekly round up on the

most requested Pinoy music. Fans gathered on Twitter using the #MORPinoyBiga10 to Tweet in

their requested song of their favor Pinoy artist.

4. #ABSCBNBall2018 — This first-ever #ABSCBNBall2018 has been one of the most awaited

events of the network as this year’s ball showcased the full roster of Kapamilya stars compared

to the previous year’s’ which was limited to the Star Magic artists. The charity ball generated 5.6

million Tweets from fans all over the Philippines and overseas.

5. #MaineMendoza — The reigning top female celebrity on Twitter, Maine Mendoza’s

(@mainedcm) constant success shows her fans’ endearment for her.

6. #PushAwardsMayWards — One of the most anticipated awarding ceremonies that recognizes

today’s Kapamilya top online influencers promoting positivity in the digital realm is now on its

fourth year. Using #PushAwardsMayWards, MayWard fans show their eagerness to get their

favorite love team to win at this year’s #PushAwards2018.

44
7. #Mayward — Former PBB housemates and one of the most sought-after loveteams, MayMay

Entrata (@maymayentrata07) and Edward Barber (@Barber_Edward_) continue to make a name

both as a love team and individually as they take on several projects this year.

8. #DyisIsItManila — This is another weekly round-up of MOR 101.9 for Life (@mor1019)

wherein it plays the top 10 most requested OPM songs for the week. Fans were eager in

supporting their favorite Pinoy artist. As of now, Maymay Entrata (@maymayentrata07) leads

the top chart with her single “Bituin”.

9. #ALDUBWithBroadwayBoys — Aldub has been consistently trending every day. Without a

doubt, fans continue to be very supportive of the phenomenal love team – Maine Mendoza

(@mainedcm) and Alden Richards (@aldenrichards02), even though they have pursued

individual projects.

10. #TheHowsOfUs — Topbilled by the famous love team of their generation, Kathryn Bernardo

(@bernardokath) and Daniel Padilla (@imdanielpadilla), the story revolves around a young

couple’s dream of growing old together as they deal with the ups and downs of a long-term

relationship. The movie was a blockbuster with KathNiel Fans sustaining the conversation on

Twitter.

45
Most Tweeted About Filipino Accounts

Maine Mendoza (@mainedcm) clinched the highest place once again in the most Tweeted about

Filipino account. For Maymay Entrata (@maymayentrata07), 2018 can be her banner year as she

placed second in the list, cementing her status as one of the hottest personalities on Twitter.

1. Maine Mendoza (@mainedcm) — As one half of the lauded loveteam #AlDub, Maine

Mendoza continues to dominate Twitter as the Most Tweeted About account. Her fans use

Twitter to Tweet their favorite pictures and TV appearances of the beloved celebrity. Maine

Mendoza uses the platform to connect with her fans real-time and to share personal snapshots of

her daily life.

2. Maymay Entrata (@maymayentrata07) — Maymay Entrata has made her mark on Twitter by

using the platform to Tweet the most memorable #MayWard moments and to thank her fans for

being so dedicated. The fans, in return, pay back the love by Tweeting their favorite pictures and

videos of MayMay and her loveteam partner Edward Barber (@Barber_Edward). Her fans even

gushed over her modeling career as she struts down the runway at the latest Arab Fashion Week.

3. Kisses Delavin (@KissesDelavin__) — Kisses Delavin, another celebrity well-loved by the

Filipinos, Tweets her favorite reaction gifs and Tweets her fans can relate to. She uses Twitter to

drive conversation among her fans.

46
4. Alden Richards (@aldenrichards02) — Alden Richards uses Twitter to connect with his fans

about his show Victor Magtanggol, his daily life, and personal life lessons he deems valuable.

5. Edward Barber (@Barber_Edward_) — Edward uses Twitter to update his fans about latest

television projects and sponsorships.

6. Donny Pangilinan (@donnypangilinan) — Donny makes fans happy by constantly replying,

quoting, and Retweeting Tweets that express their thoughts.

7. Loisa Andalio (@iamAndalioLoisa) — Loisa’s fans love to follow her on Twitter for her

pictures and her latest updates on acting projects like #MMKBuhaySementeryo.

8. Kathryn Bernardo (@bernardokath) — Kathryn Bernardo is adored by Filipino fans on

Twitter because of her update Tweets about her life, her travels, collaborations, and her pictures

with love team patner Daniel Padilla (@iamdanielpadilla).

9. Maris Racal (@MissMarisRacal) — Actress Maris Racal keeps fans engaged by posting

videos of herself singing.

47
10. Daniel Padilla (@imdanielpadilla) — The “Teen King” made a solid fan base on Twitter who

he keeps updated with, on his latest happenings, upcoming movies,TV shows and the KathNiel

love team.

Research in consumer culture focuses on the role of fans in creating social spaces or fandoms in

contrast with larger society, where new cultural meanings and values are socially negotiated.

Drawing on media and cultural studies, this article describes fandoms as a process rooted in the

larger phenomenon of fanaticism and its interaction with the current society. The article posits

the study of fanaticism as a fruitful lens for a deeper understanding of the role of consumption

and brands in today’s consumer societies.

From an outsider’s point of view, Filipino love team fans can appear unhealthily obsessed, even

vicious — coming together en masse and eviscerating anyone who dares post any sort of

criticism towards their idols and their work.

But the people behind fan accounts are people too. Meeting them in person was a reminder that

these are people from a wide range of backgrounds, with jobs, families, and aspirations. While

their membership in their respective fandoms may be a key part of their lives, it’s also

intertwined into a bigger story of who they are.

48
They’re quick to tell me that the toxicity of people they consider outliers shouldn’t define the

fandoms. Rather, outsiders should see the sheer positivity in the relationships fans develop with

their idols, and with one another.

There’s a lot to be said about fandom, whether for love teams or basketball teams and the way it

redirects people’s lives. An article on Vulture draws out different perspectives in psychology

over reasons people become obsessive fans and the effect fandom has on mental health.

Professional opinions vary on the line fandom crosses from love to unhealthy obsession. In a

worst case scenario, fandom is a frightening, emotionally stunting escape from reality. However,

as psychiatrist Sudeepta Varma explains in the Vulture article, there are opportunities for a

positive net effect when fandom comes in moderation. “There is a degree of escapism and

avoidance, but there’s hope and optimism. There is camaraderie. A common shared interest

brings people together. To me, that’s a positive thing,” Varma says.

49
 Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Due to limited resources, it always needs to ask permission for any investigation. Process

takes a lot of efforts ad consumes a lot of time. Prepare the questionnaires to ask for the

significant answer and gather the purpose.

The sample was selected from the consequences of students’ study habit. A team of 6 students

conducted their survey in BAST. We reached 40 students who have reached the Late

Adolescence from our survey. Formal documentation and survey questionnaires were given to

each student. We also took photos while taking the survey to each room.

Research Design

This research is a descriptive research because it used to describe characteristics of a population

or phenomenon being studied. Descriptive research design is a scientific method which involves

observing and describing the behavior of a subject without influencing it in any way. Descriptive

research as `mere description', good description is fundamental to the research enterprise and it

has added immeasurably to our knowledge of the shape and nature of our society. Descriptive

research encompasses much government sponsored research including the population census, the

collection of a wide range of social indicators and economic information such as household

expenditure patterns, time use studies, employment and crime statistics and the like.

50
Descriptions can be concrete or abstract. A relatively concrete description might describe the

ethnic mix of a community, the changing age profile of a population or the gender mix of a

workplace. \

Research Respondents

The respondents of this research are mainly the students from Benthel Asia School of

Technology who have been involved in different fandoms. We targeted almost 40 students to

complete the result.

Research instruments

The instruments being used for this research is the survey questionnaire. A survey

questionnaire is a set of questions used in a survey. The survey questionnaire is a type of data

gathering method that is utilized to collect, analyze and interpret the different views of a group of

people from a particular population.We also used documentaries.

Research Procedure

Gathering of data. The first step we did was to ask permission to the students to conduct a survey,

if it is alright to let them answer the survey questionnaires we have given to them. Second step,

was giving the questionnaires to them and reach the target of 40 students. The last thing we did

was to take documentary while doing the survey.

51
 CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION OF ANALYSIS AND DATA

DATA ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH FINDINGS

This chapter describes the analysis of data followed by a discussion of the research findings.

The findings relate to the research questions that guided the study. Data were analyzed to

identify, investigate and explore the consequences of students’ study habit due to the

involvement of fandoms. Data were obtained from the respondents’ survey. Completed by 40

students mostly from senior high school who have reached the age that rages from the (16-19)

Late Adolescence.We have found out that fandoms can really affect your studies and also This

is also supported by the fact thatour finances. Our data shows how students perform in school

from the first part of the semester up to the very end, their grades signify as the outcome. We

have list down the grades and we found out that being addicted to something not just kpop but

also other fandoms can change your study habits due to plenty of priorities. Their grades were

affected so as their performances in school, their everyday reports, activities and many more. We

found out that the consequences of students’ study habit are the low grades shown from the data

we gathered. From the survey questionnaires we have conducted, we can easily say that students’

will lack time for studying and that will affect their grades and the consequences of that is might

gain failing grades because you didn’t catch up from the activities due to prioritizing your

fandom. Students will don’t have time to do the chores and only focuses on what to post for

updates, what’s the trend, what’s the new character, what’s the new hero, etc.

52
These are the most often things that fandom can bring to each one of us. Because of that they

will forget to scan their textbooks, review the lessons, and doing the activities in school. It is true

that fandoms can bring fun but it can affect you from creating barriers due to the use of fandoms.

DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

We made a survey questionnaires to complete our data we manage to comply more than 35

students in our research. We have 8 questions about Fandom and Study Habits. The questions

will answer our problem and will have our conclusion. We sum up all the respondents and had it

with our frequency then we made it into percentage to be concrete to the eye on how many have

respond in to our survey.

53
This table shows the behavior of students upon the involvement of fandom.

QUESTIONS HIGHEST AMONG FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

THE CHOICES

HOW DID YOU

DISCOVER YOUR
FOUND THEM ON 23 57.5%
IDOL?
THE INTERNET

HOW DID YOU GET

ADDICTED TO
YOU FELL IN LOVE 23 57.5%
THEM?
WITH THEIR
MUSIC

HOW MANY TIMES

DO YOU WATCH
21 52.5%
THEIR VIDEO IN A
DAY? I WATCH 3 TIMES
A DAY

HOW OFTEN DO
YOU POST ONLINE
I POST 3 TIMES A 28 70%
RELATED TO
DAY
YOUR IDOL?

54
HOW MUCH DO I SPEND BELOW
YOU SPENT FOR 500
30 75%
YOUR IDOL?

HOW MANY TIMES

DO YOU REVIEW
ONLY AT 16 40%
YOUR LESSONS?
WEEKENDS

HOW MANY
HOURS DO YOU
I SPENT 0-1 HOUR 38 95%
SPENT STUDYING
IN A DAY?

DID YOU REVIEW

YOUR LESSONS
YES 42 87.5%
DURING EXAM?

The Highest among the choices means that it has the highest rate of percentage, above all other
choices. We prepared more than 4 choices each questions and we chose only one of the 4 choices
to identify which of them has the highest rate of percentage.

55
This table shows the final grade of students after the first semester.

GRADES FREQUENCY MEAN

79 5 12.5%

80 4 10%

81 4 10%

82 4 10%

83 3 7.5%

84 2 5%

85 2 5%

86 2 5%

87 3 7.5%

88 2 5%

89 2 5%

90 3 7.5%

91 4 10%

= 100%

56
The box above shows the grades of the senior high students and the frequency are the number of

the grades of students. These were the grades of Senior High Students in Benthel Asia School of

Technology for first Semester.

MEDIAN:

79 91 = 170 = 85
2
Our Median is basically the grade of 85. We add the lowest grade to the highest grade and the

result of it is divided into 2 then the answer is 85

MODE:

= 79

Basically, because it is the most repeated number among other numbers in our computation.

57
 CHAPTER V

Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation

Summary of Findings

The primary objective of this research was to identify how they cope, where they transfer,

the source of income, the development of their lifestyle and most importantly, the advantages

and disadvantages to their new environment. This research focusing to their way and process of

surviving life due to their poverty without any provide.The primary objective of this research

was to know the consequences of students’ study habit from the involvement of fandom.

Conclusion

Fandom can destroy you. The entertainment site where fans come first. This eats up time

when you are studying or doing any homework. The aim of this study is to identify the

consequences of fandom towards students’ study habit. Students have consequences like

challenge in time management, inability to become productive, the service of someone else’s

creativity rather one’s own, lack of leisure time, radiation, struggling to find themselves, failure

in confronting someone, unrealized potential and many more. There are lots of consequences that

fandom brings towards students. Especially, when they spend money with their idols, can bring

such big responsibility within their hands. It’s easy to say but difficult to do whenever we try to

enter fandom but has a big responsibility in everyday living. Responsibilities will be divided and

are in distinct places due to fandom. It doesn’t have the exact priority because you still have to

post, update, listen, write, and many more that includes your idol.

58
 Student have been struggling in taking up the requirements due to lack of time, and with that

their grades will be affected. Low grades might affect you especially when getting a job, so as

early as today we must take our good priority in life to have a better future. We have conclude

with our study that Fandom does give a major consequence in you.

According to Dr. Ramsey, a onetime Dexter enthusiast who gave away his television to rid

himself from temptation to get hooked on other programs, it’s not the unrealized potential of the

fan that makes his or her passion problematic, it’s their pursuits offer no chance of rewards.

“Fandom is reasonably unsatisfying” he says. “It doesn’t return something specific to the

individual“.

Recommendation

Many fans are getting addicted and involved to social media, most of this are the students

the reason why they get addicted because they make it as their habit specially when their co-fans

had recommend them about their idol's new released movie or songs and with that they don't

want to miss out of it and they will make a way just to watch it through social media because of

getting addicted their proper monitoring, security and discipline had not enough given

importance by their teacher and parents. The school should provide learning materials to the

students about being addicted to their idols and guidance for effective learning . The government

should create academic and counselling units in school with adequate found, while students from

getting addicted to their idol should be given proper guidance and counselling concerning their

psychological needs and social problems towards their studies for appropriate discipline.

59
 The students who are experiencing in getting addicted to their idol that composed of

fandoms, the only thing to do is not get too much addicted and have a self- limitation so that it

cannot affect their studies, learn to have their time management and focus to their study let their

idol make them as their inspiration in order to become successful in their future and pray for

their family to have a better life. The future researcher should do some further research about this

topic , Through this topic is really common, yet this problem is increasing all over the world and

must do a prompt action about it.

60
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. Internet Sources

Fruitful Code, Powered by WordPress (2009) FANDOM AND PARTICIPATORY

CULTURE Retrieved from:
https://haenfler.sites.grinnell.edu/subcultural-theory-and-theorists/fandom-and-participato
ry-culture/?fbclid=IwAR0cYKQEza3NChuyULiJ_s24X2-ecUssqwIfDQemY7N0UDcfDuA
FNGzd1lQ

The Conversation Media Group Ltd (2010) One of the family: Leonard Nimoy’s impact
on fandom Retrieved from:
https://theconversation.com/one-of-the-family-leonard-nimoys-impact-on-fandom
38356?fbclid=IwAR06ZQZOHjN w50LURAvHhkvq07B qBHiV9
fzzy6a2RKRu23no2dj6yE1hyKg

The Conversation Media Group Ltd (July 5, 2017 ) Pokémon Go no longer has the hype of 2016,
but a loyal fanbase remains Retrieved from:
https://theconversation.com/pokemon-go-no-longer-has-the-hype-of-2016-but-a-loyal-fanbase-re
mains-80438?fbclid=IwAR22j2tbdYPB4WiXegqkN-VfMf1M2pN2g7RsgJMEsc1Iuu3GPumH6
Z26uN4

The Conversation Media Group Ltd (September 30, 2017) The difference between black football
fans and white football fans Retrieved from:
https://theconversation.com/the-difference-between-black-football-fans-and-white-football-fans-
84810?fbclid=IwAR2_uburQDkzNrurKwd9DUtn6V7-O2iHU6tAqe3drpPVYiX8vUiX05qs0Y4

Katharine Trendacosta (6/27/19 11:45am) When Fandom Is the Problem Retrieved from:
https://io9.gizmodo.com/when-fandom-is-the-problem-1835695031?fbclid=IwAR3ggzdKQCh-0
XXAieqlqAfdhGOXBuE2rjkBjTrVlufgotdxRE-9Ahgb1Mw

61
 SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRES YOUR CHOSEN ANSWER

 How did you discover your idol?

Found on the internet
A friend told them about them
Saw them on magazine
Saw them on TV
Heard them on radio

 How did you get addicted to them?

You fell in love with their music
You fell in love with their physical looks
You fell in love with their attitude
You fell in love with their talent

 How many times do you watch their video

in a day?
I watch 20 times a day
I watch 15 times a day
I watch 10 times a day
I watch 5 times a day
I watch 3 times a day

 How often do you post online related

about your idol?
I post 20 times a day
I post 15 times a day
I post 10 times a day
I post 5 times a day
I post 3 times a day

62
 How much do you spent for your idol?
I spend 10,000
I spend 5,000
I spend 3,000
I spend 1,000
I spend below 500

 Did you review your lessons during exam?

YES NO

 How many times do you review your

lessons?
5 times a week
3 times a week
2 times a week
Only at weekends

 How much hours do you spent studying in

a day?
I spent 0-1 hour
I spent 2-3 hours
I spent 3-4 hours
I spent 4-5 hours

 What is your final Grade in this semester?

63
 Benthel Asia School of Technology
Gabi, Mahayahay, Cordova Cebu
Transmittal Letter

Dear Sir,

We the student of Benthel Asia School Of Technology would like to conduct our

study entitled “ The consequences of Fandom to Students’ Study Habit on Late Adolescence ”.

This is for the Partial fulfilment of the requirement in Practical Research 1.

Through this letter, we would like to ask a permission from your good office to have

our interview September 17,2019 and to conduct our study about students’ study habit.

We are hoping for your good consideration.

Thank you and may God Bless You.

Respectfully yours,

Augusto, Mary Angelie S. Pacaldo, Giselle L. Paloso, Annalyn R.

Researcher Researcher Researcher

Tiro, Vergie S. Mercader, Aljane S. Pacaldo, Kateross A

Researcher Researcher Researcher
Noted by: Approved by:

Ms. Eden Lee G. Inoc Sinfronio R. Thelmo PhD

Practical-REsearch 2 Teacher School Principal

64
CURRICULUM VITAE
A.PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Mary Angelie S. Augusto

Gender: Female

Age: 18

Birth Place: Cebu City

Birth Date: September 07 2001

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Language Spoken: English, Filipino, Cebuano-Visayan

B.EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: San Lorenzo Ruiz School

Secondary: Gun-ob National High School

Gun-ob Lapu-lapu City

:Benthel Asia School of Technology

Gabi, Mahayahay Cordova,Cebu

65
CURRICULUM VITAE
A.PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Annalyn Paloso

Gender: Female

Age: 19

Birth Place: Cebu City

Birth Date: October 30, 1999

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Language Spoken: English, Filipino, Cebuano-Visayan

B.EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Alegria Elementary School

Alegria Cordova, Cebu

Secondary: Cordova National High School

Day-as Cordova Cebu

:Benthel Asia School of Technology

Gabi, Mahayahay Cordova, Cebu

66
CURRICULUM VITAE
A.PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Giselle Pacaldo

Gender: Female

Age: 19

Birth Place: Catarman 1, Cordova Cebu

Birth Date: February 22, 2000

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Language Spoken: English, Filipino, Cebuano-Visayan

B.EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Catarman Elementary school

Catarman Cordova Cebu

Secondary: Cordova National High School

Day-as Cordova Cebu

:Benthel Asia School of Technology

Gabi Mahayahay Cordova Cebu

67
CURRICULUM VITAE
A.PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Aljane Mercader

Gender: Male

Age: 17

Birth Place: Cordova Cebu

Birth Date: May 24, 2002

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Language Spoken: English, Filipino, Cebuano-Visayan

B.EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Marigondon Elementary School

Marigondon Lapu-Lapu City

Secondary: MarigondonNational High School

Marigondon Lapu-Lapu City

: Benthel Asia School of Technology

Gabi Mahayahay Cordova Cebu

68
CURRICULUM VITAE

A.PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Kateross Pacaldo

Gender: Female

Age: 19

Birth Place: Cebu City

Birth Date: April 18, 2000

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Language Spoken: English, Filipino, Cebuano-Visayan

B.EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Central Elementary School

Poblacion Cordova Cebu

Secondary: Cordova National High School

Day-as Cordova Cebu

:Benthel Asia School of Technology

Gabi Mahayahay Cordova Cebu

69
CURRICULUM VITAE

A.PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Vergie Tiro

Gender: Female

Age: 21

Birth Place: Mandaue Ceby City

Birth Date: January 02, 1998

Religion: Roman Catholic

Civil Status: Single

Citizenship: Filipino

Language Spoken: English, Filipino, Cebuano-Visayan

B.EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Jubay Elemtary School

Liloan Cebu

Secondary: Cordova National High School

Day-as Cordova cebu

:Benthel Asia School of Technology

Gabi Mahayahay Cordova Cebu

70
DOCUMENTARY

70