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the schematic diagram of HPHX. It consists of three number individual. 40 litres capacity water tank included 2 kW
of heat pipes, electrical heater with water pump, four number capacity immersion heaters with temperature monitor has been
of thermocouples, temperature digital unit. The flow of hot used to heat the flowing fluid of the shell side of heat
and cold water has been regulated by two rotameter exchanger.
Table 1: Details of heat pipe, wick material, with fluid and III. RESULTS AND OPINION
Inclination angle
The finding out of the present work having the following
Sl. variable parameters
Description Materials Size Number
No.
1. D o -19 mm 3 Variable Parameters
D i -17 mm Rate of mass of hot water at the inlet: 20 lph – 100 lph
Heat pipe Copper Rate of mass of cold water at the inlet (𝑇𝑇𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ) : 10 lph – 50 lph
L = 1000
mm Temperature of hot water at the inlet : 50°C – 70 °C
2. Condenser GI D = 35 mm 3 Inclination angle (ψ) : 15°– 60°
3. Stainless Mesh no. 2 layer
Wick In order the determine the thermal behavior of HPHX,
steel 2000
many number of experimental trails were done. In all set of
4. CuO nano - - operations, the rate of mass of hot water is constant and cold
Thermal fluid
fluid water has been varied as 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5 and 1:3.
5. Inclination 15°, 30°, -
-
angle 45°& 60°
Condenser section of heat exchanger along with shell has
been kept inclined so that the gravitational effect has its
impact on heat pipes. Initially the inclination angle has been
set at 15 and then it has been changed to 30° 45° and 60° to
investigate its effect on different operating condition by
considering various parameters to analyze the thermal
performance.
In the first trial, kept the inlet temperature of hot water
constantly and analyze the performance of HPHX by varying
the mass flow rate of hot water. Then in the second trial of
experimental operation, kept the mass flow rate of hot water
constantly and influence of inlet temperature of hot water over
it. Using different inclination angle, in both first and second Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 6
The effectiveness versus mass flow rate of hot water to the
shell side of heat exchanger for different inclination angle
shown in Fig. 2 – 6. The heat pipe inclination varied between
0° to 60°. In all set of operating conditions the heat capacity
ratio as C c /C h =0.5. It is observed that enhancement of
effectiveness with rise of mass flow rate of hot water and
minimum vale was obtained at equal mass flow of hot and
cold water. So in order to obtained maximum value of
effectiveness, it is clear to avoid equal mass flow rate of hot
and cold water to the heat exchanger and maximum value of
effectiveness has been obtained at 100 LPH in all operating
conditions.
Fig. 4
Fig. 7
Fig. 7 shows, the effectiveness of heat exchanger versus
inclination angle of heat exchanger for different values of inlet
temperature of hot water. It is noticed that at 45° inclination,
Fig. 5 the maximum value of effectiveness was obtained in all trials.
IV. CONCLUSION
The present work concluded that the CuO nano fluid used
as thermal fluid in all heat pipes, the overall thermal
characteristics of heat exchanger is increased. It is found that
nano fluid improves the effectiveness of heat exchanger.
In all set of trail runs, maximum effectiveness has been
obtained at higher value of mass flow rate of hot water to the
heat exchanger.
It has been concluded that the peak value of effectiveness
has been achieved at m hi = 100 LPH, T hi =60°Χ ανδ Ψ=45°,
when CuO nano fluid has been implemented as thermal fluid
in heat pipe of heat exchanger.
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