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FINANCIAL REPORT OF
JAMMU & KASMIR BANK
AND CANARA BANK
GOVT. S.PM.R. COLLEGE OF
COMMERCE
JAMMU
PROJECT REPORT
ON
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FINANCIAL REPORT OF TOP
TWO BANKS (J&K BANK AND CANARA BANK)
SUB
MITTED BY:
Shrey Narania
Paramjeet Kour
Namrata Arora
Amanpreet Kour
PAGE 1
GOVT. S.PM.R. COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
JAMMU
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that students Ms. Shrey Narania, Ms. Paramjeet
Kour, Ms. Namrata Arora & Ms. Amanpreet Kour of B.COM
(HONS.) SEMESTER – 6th, are the bonafide students of Govt.
S.P.M.R College of Commerce , Jammu . They have completed
their project report on the topic “A comparative study of financial
report of J&K bank and Canara bank” under the supervision of
Dr. Pooja. It is further approved and certified by the following
signatories :
PAGE 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to almighty for the good luck and the blessings showered
upon us in providing this opportunity to carry out the report making on
the topic “A comparative study of financial report of two banks
Jammu and Kashmir Bank and Canara bank”.
We are highly thankful to our friends for their constant help which has
been of great encouragement to us.
Finally, we are indebted to all, whosoever has contributed in this report
work.
Shrey Narania
Paramjeet Kour
Namrata Arora
Amanpreet Kour
PAGE 3
TABLE OF CONTENT
S.NO PARTICULARS
1. Introduction
2. Introduction of banking
3. Company profile
Canara Bank
Jammu and Kashmir Bank
5. Literature Review
6. Objective of study
7. Research methodology
9. Findings, Suggestions
PAGE 4
10. Conclusion
11. Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
In any organization, the two important financial statements are the Balance Sheet
and Profit & Loss Account of the business. Balance Sheet is a statement of
financial position of an enterprise at a particular point of time. Profit & Loss
account shows the net profit or net loss of a company for a specified period of
time. When these statements of the last few Year of any organization are studied
and analyzed, significant conclusions may be arrived regarding the changes in the
financial position, the important policies followed and trends in profit and loss etc.
Analysis and interpretation of financial statement has now become an important
technique of credit appraisal. The investors, financial experts, management
executives and the bankers all analyze these statements. Though the basic
technique of appraisal remains the same in all the cases but the approach and the
emphasis in the analysis vary. A banker interprets the financial statement so as to
evaluate the financial soundness and stability, the liquidity position and the
profitability or the earning capacity of borrowing concern. Analysis of financial
statements is necessary because it helps in depicting the financial position on the
basis of past and current records. Analysis of financial statements helps in making
the future decisions and strategies. Therefore, it is very necessary for every
organization whether it is a financial or manufacturing, to make financial statement
and to analyze it.
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INTRODUCTION OF BANKING
DEFINITION OF BANK
The origin of the word bank is shrouded in mystery. According to one view point
the Italian business house carrying on crude from of banking were called banchi
bancheri"
ORIGIN OF BANKING:
Its origin in the simplest form can be traced to the origin of authentic history. After
recognizing the benefit of money as a medium of exchange, the importance of
banking was developed as it provides the safer place to store the money. This safe
place ultimately evolved in to financial institutions that accepts deposits and make
loans i.e. modern commercial banks.
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Banking system in India
Without a sound and effective banking system in India it cannot have a healthy
economy The banking system of India should not only be hassle free but it should
be able to meet new challenges posed by the technology and any other external and
internal factors.
For the past three decades India's banking system has several outstanding
achievements to its credit. The most striking is its extensive reach. It is no longer
confined to only metropolitans or cosmopolitans in India. In fact, Indian banking
system has reached even to the remote corners of the country. This is one of the
main reasons of India's growth process. India has about 88 commercial banks
including 31 private banks, 27 public sector banks, and 38 foreign banks and in
total 5300 bank branches, and 17,000ATMs are servicing the nation. Public sector
banks dominate the segment with 75 percent of the total assets of the industry held
by them. In India the banks are being segregated in different groups. Each group
has their own benefits and limitations in operating in India. Each has their own
dedicated target market. Few of them only work in rural sector while others in both
rural as well as urban. Many even are only catering in cities. Some are of Indian
origin and some are foreign players.
All these details and many more is discussed over here. The banks and its relation
with the customers, their mode of operation, the names of banks under different
groups and other such useful information’s are talked about. One more section has
been taken note of is the upcoming foreign banks in India. The RBI has shown
certain interest to involve more of foreign banks than the existing one recently.
This step has paved a way for few more foreign banks to start business in India
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NEED FOR STUDY
As an effective and profitable business owner, you need to regularly schedule time
to analyze your business performance. Business owners often fall into the trap of
thinking that they must knew the state of their financial affairs as they become
busier. The daily demands of running a successful business however leave their
little time to devote toward this critically important management function.
The need for financial study arises due to the rising number of fraudulent activities
in the banking sector, for instances the recent frauds conducted in SBI and PNB
banks. Such activities initiate the need for comparative study between various
banks of the economy to analyze their efficiency and economic condition.
The first step is to compare the financial information with the previous years.
Make comparison of total assets, sales and profits of business. Comparison can
also be made with the help of Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet of
business.
Statement of profit and loss - It is also known as Income Statement. It shows the
result of business operation during an accounting period.
In this project report we will compare the financial performance of Canara Bank &
Jammu and Kashmir Bank by using Statement of Profit and Loss and Balance
Sheets of last five years. But before that we will discuss about historical
background of both Banks.
PAGE 8
To carter this need we have conducted a study on financial performance of Canara
bank and Jammu and Kashmir bank with the help of balance sheet and profit &
loss accounts of the respective banks from financial year 2012-2013 to 2016-2017.
CANARA BANK
Canara Bank is one of the largest public sector banks owned by the Government of
India. Its headquarters is in Bengaluru. It was established at Mangalore in 1906 (by
Ammembal Subba Rao Pai). it one of the oldest public sector banks in the country.
The government nationalized the bank in 1969. As of 30 October 2017, the bank
had a network of 6639 branches and more than 10600 ATMs spread across The
India. The bank also has offices abroad in London, Hong Kong, Moscow,
Shanghai, Doha, Bahrain, South Africa, Dubai, Tanzania and New York.
PAGE 9
JAMMU AND KASHMIR BANK
Jammu and Kashmir Bank (J&K Bank) is a Kashmir-based public sector banking
and financial services company. It is a State-owned bank with its headquarters in
Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. J&K Bank, incorporated on October 1, 1938, was
the first bank in the country to emerge as a state–owned bank. The bank
commenced the banking business on 4 July 1939 and was considered the first of its
nature and composition as a State owned bank in the country. The bank was
established as a semi-State Bank with participation in capital by State and the
public under the control of State Government. In year 1971, the bank had acquired
the status of a scheduled bank and was declared as an "A" Class bank by the
Reserve Bank of India in 1976.
PAGE 10
COMPARITIVE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF
CANARA BANK AND JAMMU AND
KASHMIR BANK
PAGE 11
LITERATURE REVIEW
Many studies have undertaken by researchers on the performance of Indian
commercial banking. The studies have focused on ratio analysis, CAMEL
rankings, liquidity, and profitability and so on. There have been studies which
prove that there has been significant difference in performance of public and
private sector banks (Tatuskar, Svetlana, 2010, Makkar, Anita; Singh, Shveta,
Sharma, Vijay Kumar; Kumar, Anuj 2013). The other studies have shown that non-
performing assets have been rising in recent years (Bansal Disha 2010, Mishra,
PAGE 12
Akshay Kumar 2013). The banking services in retail segment have also improved
over the last couple of years (Haque, Imamul 2011). The analysis of banks has not
been done on the basis of economic cycles. The principle component analysis is
applied on financial parameters of banks.
Dr. Anurag. B. Singh and Priyanka Tandon (2012): in their research paper
entitled, “A comparative Study on Financial Performance of State Bank of India
and ICICI Bank” examined the financial performance of SBI bank and ICICI bank,
Public sector and Private sector respectively. The data used for this study was
secondary in nature. The study was conducted to determine the financial
performance of SBI and ICICI banks on the basis of ratios such as credit deposit,
net profit margin etc. The study was undertaken from 2009 to 2014. In this study, it
was found that SBI is performing well and financially sound than ICICI bank but
in context of deposits and expenditures, ICICI bank has better managed than SBI
bank.
Devi (2017): in their paper entitled “A Study on the Financial Comparison between
SBI and ICICI with reference to Chennai Annanagar Branch” examined the
performance of the banks from 2012-2017. Operating ratio, debt equity ratio were
taken as the variables. It was examined that operating profit ratio of SBI was better
than ICICI.
Research Gap:
Till the time no such study (comparative financial analysis) has been conducted on
Jammu & Kashmir bank and Canara bank.
PAGE 13
II. To compare the financial performance of both the banks through Ratio
analysis.
Specific objective
1. To know the strengths and weaknesses of Canara Bank and Jammu and
Kashmir Bank through Ratio analysis.
2. To understand the liquidity, profitability and efficiency positions of the Banks.
3. To make comparison between the financial ratios of following banks during
different periods.
4. To offer findings and suggestions to enhance the financial performance of
Canara bank and Jammu and Kashmir Bank.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Data Collection: -
Primary Data
J&K bank –
Canara bank –
Secondary Data
The data were collected through annual report from sources that are secondary in
nature such as internet, magazines, websites, books, and journals.
Period of Study: -
The study covers a period of five years i.e. from 2012-13 to 2016-17.
Tools applied: -
The data collected were moderated for the study. The major tools applied for the
analysis of the data are ratios, percentages and comparison.
PAGE 14
Due to constraints of time and resources, the study is likely to suffer from certain
limitations. Some of these are mentioned here under so that the findings of the
study may be understood in a proper perspective. The limitations of the study are:
o There can be some loop-holes in the study due to biased data provided by
the primary sources.
o The accuracy of results may be affected due to the limitation of time.
o The secondary data was taken from the annual reports of the Canara and
J&K Bank. It may be possible that the data shown in the annual reports may
be window dressed which does not show the actual position of the banks.
o This study is related to selected Public Sector and Private Sector Banks only.
o There are different methods to measure the profitability of the banks. View
of expert can be different in this matter from one another.
o The present study is largely based on ratio analysis; such analysis has its
own limitations, which also applies to the study.
1. Current Ratio
2. Quick ratio
3. Dividend per share
4. Return on Net worth
5. Net Profit margin
6. Earning per share
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PAGE 16
PAGE 17
PAGE 18
PAGE 19
PAGE 20
PAGE 21
RATIO ANALYSIS
CURRENT RATIO:
An indication of a company's ability to meet short-term debt obligations; the higher
the ratio, the more liquid the company is. Current ratio is equal to current assets
divided by current liabilities. If the current assets of a company are more than
twice the current liabilities, then that company is generally considered to have
good short-term financial strength. If current liabilities exceed current assets, then
the company may have problems meeting its short-term obligations.
{CURRENT RATIO = CURRENT ASSETS / CURRENT LIABILITIES}
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
J&K bank Canara bank
PAGE 22
Average current ratio
INTERPRETATION:
In the given study period, the current ratio of both Jammu & Kashmir bank and
Canara bank is fluctuating.
The highest current ratio of J&K bank was 0.08 in year 2015-16 and that of Canara
bank was 0.05 in year 2016-17 whereas, the lowest current ratio of J&K bank was
0.01 in 2012-13 and 0.03 for Canara bank in three consecutive years i.e.2012-13,
2013-14, 2014-15.
The average current ratio of J&K bank is 51% and Canara bank is 49%, which
implies that the current ratio is of J&K bank is 2%, more than that of Canara bank.
PAGE 23
LIQUID RATIO:
Liquid ratio is also known as ‘Quick’ or ‘Acid Test ‘Ratio. Liquid assets refer to
assets which are quickly convertible into cash. Current Assets other stock and
prepaid expenses are considered as quick assets.
Quick Ratio = Total Quick Assets / Total Current Liabilities
Quick Assets = Total Current Assets – Inventory
30
25
20
15
10
0
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
J&K bank Canara bank
PAGE 24
Average quick ratio
INTERPRETATION:
In the given study period, the liquid ratio of both Jammu & Kashmir bank and
Canara bank is fluctuating.
The highest liquid ratio of J&K bank was 28.25 in year 2013-14 and that of Canara
bank was 25.75 in year 2016-17 whereas, the lowest liquid ratio of J&K bank was
22.05 in 2016-17 and 22.19 for Canara bank in 2014-15.
The average liquid ratio of J&K bank is 52% and Canara bank is 48%, which
implies that the liquid ratio is of J&K bank is 4%, more than that of Canara bank.
PAGE 25
EARNING PER SHARE:
Earning Per Equity Share = Net Profit after Tax –Preference Dividend
The earning per share of the company helps in determining the market price of the
equity shares of the company. A comparison of earning per share of the company
with another will also help in deciding whether the equity share capital is being
effectively used or not. It also helps in estimating the company’s capacity to pay
dividend to its equity shareholders.
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
-50
-100
J&K bank Canara bank
PAGE 26
23.96%
J&K bank
Canara bank
76.04%
Avera
ge earning per share
INTERPRETATION:
In the given study period, earning per share of Jammu & Kashmir bank and Canara
bank is fluctuating.
The highest Earning per share of J&K bank and that of Canara bank was 217.65
and 64.83 respectively in year 2012-13 whereas, the lowest liquid ratio of J&K
bank was 22.05 in 2016-17 and 22.19 for Canara bank in 2014-15.
The earning per share of J&K bank is 76% and Canara bank is 24%, which implies
that the earning per share is of J&K bank is 52%, more than that of Canara bank.
PAGE 27
DIVIDEND PER SHARE:
It is expressed by dividing dividend paid to equity shareholders by no. of equity
shares. this shows the per share dividend given to equity shareholders. It is very
helpful for potential investors to know the dividend paying capacity of the
company. It affects the market value of the company.
Dividend Per Share = Dividend Paid to Equity Shareholders / No. Of Equity Shares
PAGE 28
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
J&K bank Canara bank
25.48%
J&K bank
Canara bank
74.52%
Ave
rage dividend per share
INTERPRETATION:
PAGE 29
In the given study period, dividend per share of Jammu & Kashmir bank and
Canara bank is fluctuating.
The highest dividend per share of J&K bank was 50 in two consecutive years i.e.
2012-13, 2013-14 and that of Canara bank was 13 in 2012-13 whereas, no dividend
per share of J&K bank in 2016-17 and for Canara bank in 2015-16.
The average dividend per share of J&K bank is 75% and Canara bank is 25%,
which implies that the dividend per share is of J&K bank is 50%, more than that of
Canara bank.
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NET PROFIT MARGIN:
This ratio indicates the Net margin on a sale of Rs.100. It is calculated as follows:
This ratio helps in determining the efficiency with which affairs of the business are
being managed. An increase in the ratio over the previous period indicates
improvement in the operational efficiency of the business. The ratio is thus on
effective measure to check the profitability of business.
20
15
10
0
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
J&K bank Canara bank
PAGE 31
Average net profit margin
34.17%
J&K bank
Canara bank
65.83%
INTERPRETATION:
In the given study period, net profit margin of Jammu & Kashmir bank and Canara
bank is fluctuating.
The highest net profit margin of J&K bank was 17.47 in 2013-14 and that of
Canara bank was 8.42 in 2012-13 whereas, the lowest net profit margin of J&K
bank was (24.41) in 2016-17 and (6.38) for Canara bank in 2015-16.
The net profit margin of J&K bank is 66% and Canara bank is 34%, which implies
that the net profit margin of J&K bank is 32%, more than that of Canara bank.
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RETURN ON NET WORTH:
It measures the profitability of the business in view of the shareholders. It judges
the earning capacity of the company and the adequacy of return on proprietor’s
funds. Shareholders and potential investors are interested in this ratio. It is
calculated as below:
Return On Net Worth = Net Profit After Interest and Tax x 100
Shareholder’s Funds
Chart Title
30
20
10
0
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
-10
-20
-30
-40
J&K bank Canara bank
PAGE 33
Average return on net worth
INTERPRETATION:
In the given study period, the return on net worth of both Jammu & Kashmir bank
and Canara bank is fluctuating.
The highest return on net worth of J&K bank was 21.68 and that of Canara bank
was 12.57 in year 2012-13 whereas, the lowest return on net worth of J&K bank
was (28.75) in 2016-17 and (10.75) for Canara bank in 2015-16.
The return on net worth of J&K bank is 52% and Canara bank is 48%, which
implies that the return on net worth is of J&K bank is 4%, more than that of Canara
bank.
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FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS
Findings:
The study provides key findings according to the data analysis and arrives on some
conclusions based on findings:
1. The current ratio of J&K bank is 51% and of Canara Bank is 49%, which is
2% less than the J&K Bank.
2. The liquid ratio of J&K Bank is 52% and of Canara Bank is 48%, which is
4% less than the J&K Bank.
3. The average earning per share of J&K Bank is 76% and Canara Bank is 24%
for the past five years which is 52% more than Canara Bank.
4. The dividend per share of J&K Bank is 75% and Canara Bank is 25%, which
is 50% less than J&K Bank.
5. The Average Net Profit ratio of J&K Bank is 66% and Canara Bank is 34%,
which implies that the net profit ratio of J&K Bank is 32% more than that of
Canara Bank.
6. The average return on net worth of J&K Bank is 52% and Canara Bank is
48% which implies that the net worth ratio of Canara bank is 4% less than
that of J&K Bank.
According to the response of the primary sources we can find that both the
banks are working in an efficient manner towards growth in the banking sector.
The employees in both the institutions are well qualified for their jobs and
highly competitive. Both the banks have major focus on customer satisfaction.
The main focus of both the banks is to serve their customers with best services
and products.
Suggestions:
There are some suggestions derived from the doing the analytical study of the
financial performance of the selected banks.
Earnings per share (EPS) of Canara Bank is very low when compared to
J&K Bank. Therefore, the Canara Bank may take some measures to
increase income over expenditure for increasing earning per share (EPS).
An appropriate mix of capital structure should be adopted in order to
increase the profitability of banks.
PAGE 35
Banks should concern much on internal sources of financing in order to
increase their profitability.
The structure of the working capital (gross) be evenly constructed taking
into consideration the operational requirements so as to reduce the cost
and take optimum utilization of the different sources.
The banks required hiring right kind of people, with adequate knowledge
of banking.
CONCLUSION
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QUESTIONNAIRE
Personal Particulars
Name :
Designation :
Experience :
Sex :
Note: tick the option of your choice
1. How do you find the business environment for banking sector?
a) Highly competitive
b) Competitive
c) Low competitive
d) No competition
2. Who are mainly your competitors in banking sector?
a) International banks
b) Public banks
c) Private banks
d) All the above
3. Does your bank find difficult to survive, grow, stabilize and excel in
business?
a) Most difficult
b) Very difficult
c) Difficult
PAGE 37
d) Not difficult
4. What strategy your bank has adopted to do banking business effectively in
competitive situation in market?
a) Use of advance technology
b) Reducing manpower
c) Change in working process
d) Improving bank performance
PAGE 38
c) Performance appraisal
d) Future performance development plan
e) All the above
8. Do you agree the employees’ providing banking services to customers are
the service providers, organization for customers, brands and marketers?
a) Strongly agree
b) Agree
c) Does not agree
d) No idea
1.
PAGE 39
BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://www.moneycontrol.com/financials/jammukashmi
rbank/balance-sheet/JKB
http://www.moneycontrol.com/financials/canarabank/b
alance-sheet/CB06
http://www.moneycontrol.com/india/financials/canarab
ank/profit-loss/CB06
http://www.moneycontrol.com/india/financials/jammuk
ashmirbank/profit-loss/JKB
www.investopedia.com
www.wikipedia.com
http://www.researchersworld.com/ijms/vol4/specialissue
3/Paper_14.pdf
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