The different between astrology and astronomy

Astrology: the study of the movements and relative positions of celestial bodies
interpreted as having an influence on human affairs and the natural world.
astronomy: the branch of science which deals with celestial objects, space, and
the physical universe as a whole.

Why have we so facinating with these sciences?

Throughout History humans have looked to the sky to navigate the vast oceans, to
decide when to plant their crops and to answer questions of where we came from
and how we got here. It is a discipline that opens our eyes, gives context to our
place in the Universe and that can reshape how we see the world. When
Copernicus claimed that Earth was not the centre of the Universe, it triggered a
revolution. A revolution through which religion, science, and society had to adapt to
this new world view.
Astronomy has always had a significant impact on our world view. Early cultures
identified celestial objects with the gods and took their movements across the sky
as prophecies of what was to come. We would now call this astrology, far removed
from the hard facts and expensive instruments of today’s astronomy, but there are
still hints of this history in modern astronomy. Take, for example, the names of the
constellations: Andromeda, the chained maiden of Greek mythology, or Perseus,
the demi-god who saved her.
Although the study of astronomy has provided a wealth of tangible, monetary and
technological gains, perhaps the most important aspect of astronomy is not one of
economical measure. Astronomy has and continues to revolutionize our thinking on
a worldwide scale. In the past, astronomy has been used to measure time, mark
the seasons, and navigate the vast oceans. As one of the oldest sciences
astronomy is part of every culture’s history and roots. It inspires us with beautiful
images and promises answers to the big questions. It acts as a window into the
immense size and complexity of space, putting Earth into perspective and
promoting global citizenship and pride in our home planet.
It’s Begining and believe from differents civilizations
Greeks: The Ancient Greeks developed astronomy, which they treated as a
branch of mathematics. it were developed in the 4th century BC by Eudoxus of
Cnidus and Callippus of Cyzicus. Their models were based on nested
homocentric spheres centered upon the Earth. Their younger
contemporary Heraclides Ponticus proposed that the Earth rotates around its
axis.
Egyptian: The precise orientation of the Egyptian pyramids affords a lasting
demonstration of the high degree of technical skill in watching the heavens attained
in
the 3rd millennium BC. It has been shown the Pyramids were aligned towards
the pole star, which, because of the precession of the equinoxes, was at that
time Thuban, a faint star in the constellation of Draco.
Astronomy played a considerable part in religious matters for fixing the dates of
festivals and determining the hours of the night. The titles of several temple books
are preserved recording the movements and phases of the sun, moon and stars.
The rising of Sirius (Egyptian: Sopdet, Greek: Sothis) at the beginning of the
inundation was a particularly important point to fix in the yearly calendar.
China: The astronomy of East Asia began in China. Solar term was completed
in Warring States period. The knowledge of Chinese astronomy was introduced
into East Asia.
Astronomy in China has a long history. Detailed records of astronomical
observations were kept from about the 6th century BC, until the introduction of
Western astronomy and the telescope in the 17th century. Chinese astronomers
were able to precisely predict eclipses.
Much of early Chinese astronomy was for the purpose of timekeeping. The
Chinese used a lunisolar calendar, but because the cycles of the Sun and the
Moon are different, astronomers often prepared new calendars and made
observations for that purpose.
Mesoamerica: Maya astronomical codices include detailed tables for
calculating phases of the Moon, the recurrence of eclipses, and the appearance
and disappearance of Venus as morning and evening star. The Maya based
their calendrics in the carefully calculated cycles of the Pleiades, the Sun,
the Moon, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Mars, and also they had a precise description of
the eclipses as depicted in the Dresden Codex, as well as the ecliptic or zodiac,
and the Milky Way was crucial in their Cosmology. A number of important Maya
structures are believed to have been oriented toward the extreme risings and
settings of Venus.
Astrology with the zodiac constellations
Astronomy is the scientific study of sun, moon and stars. Astrology is a pseudo-
science interpreting the supposed effect of the heavenly bodies on human
existence. In early history the two are closely linked. The sky is the home of many
of the gods, who influence life on earth. And the patterns in the sky must surely
reflect that influence.
The Babylonians realize that the zodiac - the sequence of constellations along
which the sun and the planets appear to move in their passage through the
heavens - can serve as a yardstick of celestial time if divided into recognizable and
equal segments. They select twelve constellations to represent these segments,
many of them identified by the names of animals. The Greeks later provide the
term for the zodiac when they describe it as the 'animal circle' (zodiakos kyklos).

The zodiac links constellations with times of the year; and the constellations have
their own links with the gods. So scientific observation of star positions merges with
speculation about divine influence. The zodiac, as a concept, is of use to both
astronomers and astrologers.

Egyptian astronomy.
The annual flooding of the Nile was the foundation of Egyptian civilization and
agriculture, so predicting this occurrence with accuracy was the driving force
behind the development of Egyptian astronomy. Once again, their studies of the
heavens became intertwined with religion, esoterica and the priesthood.
Early Egyptian Astronomy
The history of Egyptian astronomy begins in the depths of prehistory and the
discovery of stone circles at Nabta Playa, dating from the 5th Millennium BC, show
that the Egyptians had already developed a calendar. The stone circle shows that
they were accomplished at marking time and, it can be assumed, predicting the
coming of the floods. They also developed a system of constellations that appear
to be of native origin and independent from the work of the Greeks and
the Mesopotamians.
The Egyptians were fully aware that the year was about 365 days, and divided it
into 12 months of 30 days, with five ceremonial, intercalary days, called the
Epagomenal days, added. This calendar lost one day every four years, and they
made little attempt to correct this. Instead, they developed another calendar based
around the star Sirius, which also consisted of 365 days but which included the
extra quarter day. Strangely, they also kept a 360 day ceremonial calendar,
running concurrently with the others, and these calendars coincided every 1461
years, which was seen as a time of great celebration and the start of a new age.

Egyptian astronomers used sundials to tell the time, dividing the days into 24
hours, although the length of these hours was not fixed, ensuring that day and
night both consisted of twelve hours, whatever the time of year. At night, they
divided the night sky into 36 groups of stars, called Decans, which could be used to
tell the time.
The Ancient Egyptian Astronomers and the Stars
There is little doubt that the great Egyptian buildings were based upon the stars;
the Great Pyramid is aligned with the cardinal points, and many temples are
aligned along the axis of the rising midwinter sun, signifying to Egyptians that they
should begin to prepare for planting in the spring
Indian astronomy
The first records of sophisticated astronomy in India date back to at least 2000
BCE, where they are found in the Rigveda (c1700-1100 BCE), one of the primary
and foremost texts of Hinduism.
The Rigveda shows that the Indians divided the year into 360 days, and the year
was subdivided into 12 months of 30 days. Every 5 years, two intercalary periods
were added to bring the calendar back in line with the solar year, ensuring that
years averaged 366 days. However, the Indian year still migrated four days in
every five years, and Indian astronomers constantly tweaked and adjusted their
calendars over the millennia. The text also shows that the Indians used four
cardinal points for ensuring the correct orientation of altars.
In this period, a new branch of astronomy, diverging from the Vedas began. Called
the Siddhantic Era, it began with a series of books called the Siddhanat,
‘Solutions,’ which charted the solar year, including solstices, equinoxes, lunar
periods, solar and lunar eclipses, and planetary movements. The Siddhantic Era
saw three great Indian astronomers, sadly little known in the west, despite the
great advances that they made.
By the first century CE, Indian astronomers proposed that the stars were exactly
like the sun, but much further away, at a time when the Greeks were still using
celestial crystal spheres to explain the cosmos. They also understood that the
earth was spherical, and Indian astronomers attempted to calculate the
circumference of the planet.
Chinese Astronomy
The first Chinese records of astronomy are from about 3000 BC, and they used
the circumpolar stars as their reference point for the heavens, unlike the Indo-
Europeans who used observations based upon the rising and setting of celestial
bodies on the ecliptic and the horizon.
A tomb dating from about 4000 BCE contained bones and shells inscribed with the
Plough and symbols for the Azure Dragon and White Tiger, two of the four regions,
the black tortoise and the Vermillion bird being the others.
The main job of the Chinese astronomers was to chart time, announce the first day
of every month and predict lunar eclipses. If they were wrong in their predictions,
then they were often beheaded!
The Chinese were meticulous in recording other astronomical phenomena, such as
comets, sunspots, novas, and solar flares, long before any other culture made any
such observations.
The astronomer Shi-Shen (4th Century BCE) is believed to have cataloged 809
stars in 122 constellations, although he took little interest in the planets, unlike
the Greeks and Mesopotamians.
Chinese astronomers was that of a supernova in the year 1054. They referred to
this phenomenon in records as a 'guest star', and mention that it remained bright
for about a year before again becoming invisible. This supernova created what we
see today as the Crab Nebula. The explosion itself in 1054 was also recorded by
the Anasazi Indians of the American Southwest, but for some reason, there is no
known record of this occurrence in European or any other cultures.
Zu Chongzhi (429-500), a notable polymath. Using self-designed instruments, he
proposed that the year was 365.24281481 days long, a measurement that is less
than a minute different from modern measurements.

Maya
The two main calendars were a ceremonial calendar (The Tzolk'in), a 260-day
calendar of 13 numbers and 20 day names, and the vague calendar (The Haab), of
365 days. This calendar had 18 months of 20 days, with a 5-day month added at
the end of the year. The reason that they used 20 days for a month is largely
based upon their vigesimal numeric system, which is a base twenty system as
opposed to our base ten decimal system. There is evidence that the Mayans
understood that the year was not exactly 365 days long, but they did little about it,
probably because that did not fit in with their base 20 system.
The Mayans did not have any complex instruments for charting the positions of
celestial objects, so their observations were with the naked eye. They may have
used rudimentary instruments, such as crossed sticks to chart position, but they
lacked the armillary spheres or sextants of other civilizations.
However, the Mayans were excellent builders and many of their temples and
buildings are aligned to help observers monitor position. For example, many
buildings pointed towards the equinoxes or midsummer, whilst other buildings had
doorways and windows aligned with the most northerly or southerly rising of
Venus, one of the most important celestial bodies to the Mayan culture. So
accurate were their observations that their predictions of the orbit of Venus lost
only two hours in a 584-day cycle.
Egythianps zoodiac sistema.

Nile Dates: January 1 – 7, June 19 – 28, September 1 – 7, November 18 – 26: The

Nile represents the beginning of something. The people of this sign have a very
peaceful character and do not like conflicts

Amon-Ra Dates: January 8 – 21, February 1 – 11: Amon-Ra is the god of protection
and is considered the king of the gods. Those who were born under the sign of the
Egyptian god Amon-Ra, talented and optimistic. They become good leaders and
inspire other people.

Mut Dates: January 22 – 31, September 8 – 22. Mut symbolizes woman and mother.
her name means "mother of the world". People born under the sign of Mut are
educators and advocates

Geb Dates: February 12 – 29, August 20 – 31In ancient Egyptian mythology, Geb
was the god of the earth. He was the father of Osiris, Seth, Isis and Nephthys: People
born under the sign of the Egyptian sign Geb, have a kind heart, possess good
intuition
Osiris Dates: March 1 – 10, November 27 – December 18: People born under the
sign of Osiris have 2 sides of personality. They can be very energetic and strong,
but also indecisive

.
Isis Dates: March 11 – 31, October 18 – 29, December 19 – 31:Isis symbolizes the
mother and goddess of nature. People of this sign are very frank and straightforward.
Some consider them too stupid and open, and others appreciate their direct style of
communication.

Thoth Dates: April 1 – 19, November 8 – 17: Thoth is the god of the moon, of
knowledge and wisdom people born under this sign of Egyptian astrology are able
to solve problems perfectly.
Horus Dates: April 20 – May 7, August 12 – 19:In ancient Egyptian mythology, it
symbolizes the stars and the sky.

Anubis Dates: May 8 – 27, June 29 – July 13: In Egyptian mythology Anubis is the
guardian of the underworld. People born under the sign of Anubis are very
passionate and creative.

Seth Dates: May 28 – June 18, September 28 – October 2: In Egyptian mythology,

Seth is known as the god of chaos. People born under this Egyptian sign are always
looking for change.

Bastet Dates: July 14 – 28, September 23 – 27, October 3 – 17: In Egyptian

mythology Bastet is known as the goddess of cats and the goddess of pleasure. It
protects women and fertility, as well as love. People born under the sign of Bastet
always look for balance and peace.

Sekhmet Dates: July 29 – August 11, October 30 – November 7 :In Egyptian

mythology, Sekhmet is known as the goddess of war. She is also considered a
healer. People born under the Egyptian Sekhmet badge have a dual identity. On the
one hand, they are disciplined and strict. On the other hand, they are free and like
to just go with the flow, without any restrictions.

What's the difference between astronomy and astrology?

Astronomy is a science that studies everything outside of the earth's
atmosphere, such as planets, stars, asteroids, galaxies; and the
properties and relationships of those celestial bodies. Astronomers
base their studies on research and observation. Astrology, on the other
hand, is the belief that the positioning of the stars and planets affect
the way events occur on earth.

1mm – 1000u

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