Unit-1 Atomic and Molecular Structure:

S.No. Question CO Bloom Area Topic Marks

Atomic Molecul
Knowledg and ar
1 Difine Bond Order with suitable examples CO1 2
e Level 2 Molecular orbital
Structure: theory
Atomic Molecul
Knowledg and ar
2 Explain why O2 molecule is paramagnetic CO1 2
e Level 2 Molecular orbital
Structure: theory
Atomic Molecul
Knowledg and ar
3 Descrbe the magnetic behaviour of N2 molecule. CO1 2
e Level 2 Molecular orbital
Structure: theory
Atomic Molecul
Knowledg and ar
4 Relaate the relation between Bond Order and Bond length. CO1 2
e Level 3 Molecular orbital
Structure: theory
Atomic
Knowledg and Crystal
5 Define frenkel defects in solids. CO1 2
e Level 1 Molecular defect
Structure:
Atomic Molecul
Knowledg and ar
6 Relate the relation between Bond Order and Stability of Molecules? CO1 2
e Level 3 Molecular orbital
Structure: theory
Atomic
Knowledg and Nanom
7 Define nanoscience and nanotechnology. CO1 2
e Level 1 Molecular aterial
Structure:
 Atomic
Knowledg and
8 Illustrate the major scope of nanoscience and nano technology. CO1 2
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
9 Differentiate between nano and bulk materials. CO1 2
e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Draw the molecular orbital diagram of NO- and calculate the bond Knowledg and
10 CO1 6
order e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
11 Describe the major applications of nanosciecne and nanotechnology CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
12 Describe the application of graphite and fullerene. CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Calculate and arrange the following molecules in their increasing Knowledg and
13 CO1 6
bond order O2, O2+, O2-, O22-. e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Draw the molcuar orbital diagram of N2 molecule and calulate the Knowledg and
14 CO1 6
bond order of N2, N2+, N2-. e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
15 Draw the molecular Orbital diagram of NO molecule. CO1 6
e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
 Atomic
Knowledg and
16 Explain malleable and Ductility. CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
17 Explain metallic bond? Discribe electron sea model. CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Differentiate Insulator, conductor and semiconductor on basis of Band Knowledg and
18 CO1 6
Theory. e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
19 Describe electron sea model theory for metalic bond. CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
20 Define the term liquid crystal? CO1 2
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
21 Write the name of any four nanomaterials? CO1 2
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
22 write some general properties of fullernee. CO1 2
e Level 1 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
23 Define liquid crystal. CO1 2
e Level 1 Molecular
Structure:
 Atomic
Knowledg and
24 Discuss the characteristics of Graphite. CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
25 Illustrate the characteristics feature of Fullerene. CO1 6
e Level 3 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
26 Write any four application of nanomaterials. CO1 2
e Level 1 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Explain briefly top-down and Bottom-up approaches of nanomaterial Knowledg and
27 CO1 6
synthesis with examples. e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
28 Explain molecular orbital theroy (MOT)? CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Differentiate between bonding molecular orbital and Antibonding Knowledg and
29 CO1 6
molecular orbital on the basis of MOT? e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
30 Write the classification of liquid crystal. CO1 2
e Level 1 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Explain why Hydrogen forms diatomic molecule while helium remains Knowledg and
31 CO1 2
monoatomic? e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
 Atomic
Describe molecular orbital theory and draw the molecular orbital Knowledg and
32 CO1 9
diagram of O2 . e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Explain why N2 has greater dissociation energy than N2+, whereas O2 Knowledg and
33 CO1 6
has less dissociation energy than O2+? e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Illustrate the concept of metallic bond on the basis of MOT with Knowledg and
34 CO1 6
suitable examples. e Level 3 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Discuss band theory and  explain conductors, insulators and Knowledg and
35 CO1 9
semi-conductors. e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Discuss the formation of p and n type semiconductors as per MOT, and Knowledg and
36 CO1 6
give their application? e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Draw the molecular orbital (MO) diagram of O2 and calculate bond Knowledg and
37 CO1 6
order of O2, O22+, O22-. e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
38 Explain why O2 is paramagnetic in nature? CO1 2
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Draw the molecular orbital diagram of O2 and N2 and calculate the Knowledg and
39 CO1 9
bond order and comment on their magnetic properties e Level 4 Molecular
Structure:
 Atomic
Discuss liquid crystals with suitable examples. Briefly describe the Knowledg and
40 CO1 9
different types of liquid crystals. e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
41 Distinguish between Nematic and Smectic liquid crystals. CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Explain the structure of Graphite. Why does graphite show Knowledg and
42 CO1 9
conduction properties? e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
43 Illustrate the structure, properties and applications of Fullerene. CO1 9
e Level 3 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
44 Discuss the major applicaion of nanosciene and nanotechnology. CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
45 Describe liquid crystal and write few examples? CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
46 Write any four application of graphite. CO1 2
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
47 Explain the following terms : (a) Schottky Defect (b)   Frenkel Defect CO1 6
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
 Atomic
Discribe liquid crystals? Differentiate between Nematic and semactic Knowledg and
48 CO1 9
liquid crystal? Write two applications of liquid crystals. e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
49 Explain the structure, properties and applications of Graphite? CO1 9
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:
Atomic
Knowledg and
50 Descuss in details liquid crystal with suitable examples. CO1 9
e Level 2 Molecular
Structure:

Unit IV- Water Analysis and Hardness of water, Fuels

Water
Analysis
A water sample was found to contain CaSO4 80 mg/litre and MgSO4
1 CO4 K4 and Hardness 2
100 mg/litre. Calculate the hardness of water in ppm.
Hardness of
water
Water
Analysis Boiler
2 Decribe the terms priming and foaming problems in boilers? CO4 K2 and proble 2
Hardness of m
water
Water
Analysis
A water sample contains 408 mg of CaSO4 per liter. Calculate the
3 CO4 K4 and Hardness 2
hardness in terms of CaCO3 equivalent.
Hardness of
water
 Water
Analysis
4 Explain the term hardness. Give its type. CO4 K2 and Hardness 2
Hardness of
water
Water
Analysis
A water sample was found to contain CaSO4 60 mg/litre and MgSO4
5 CO4 K4 and Hardness 2
120 mg/litre. Calculate the hardness of water in ppm, oCl and oFr.
Hardness of
water
Water
Analysis
6 Explain why hard water consume lot of soap? CO4 K2 and Hardness 2
Hardness of
water
Water
Analysis Boiler
7 Decribe the terms scale and sludge problems in boilers? CO4 K2 and proble 2
Hardness of m
water
Water
Analysis Boiler
8 Decribe the term caustic embrittlement problems in boilers? CO4 K2 and proble 2
Hardness of m
water
calorific
9 Explain the term calorific value. Give its type. CO4 K2 Fuels 2
value
calorific
10 Explain the terms Gross and Net calorific value. CO4 K2 Fuels 2
value
Describe the term fuel. Give the relationship between Gross and Net calorific
11 CO4 K2 Fuels 2
calorific value. value
Analysi
12 Describe the term Ultimate analysis of Coal? CO4 K2 Fuels s of 2
Coal
 Analysi
Describe the term Coal? Give the formula to calculate % of C & H by
13 CO4 K2 Fuels s of 2
ultimate analysis?
Coal
Analysi
Describe the term Coal? Give the formula to calculate % of S & N by
14 CO4 K2 Fuels s of 2
ultimate analysis?
Coal
If HCV of the coal sample is 7500 cal/gm and % H= 5. Calculate its LCV. calorific
15 CO4 K4 Fuels 2
Given that latent heat of condensation of steam = 580 cal/gm. value
calorific
16 Explain why value of GCV is higher than NCV? CO4 K2 Fuels 2
value
Bomb
17 Draw the sketch diagram of the Bomb’s calorimeter? CO4 K2 Fuels Calorim 2
eter
Bomb
18 Express the formula of GCV calulation of Bomb Calorimeter with all the CO4 K2 Fuels Calorim 2
eter
Water
Analysis
19 Calculate how many grams of CaSO4 dissolved per liter gives 70ppm of CO4 K4 and Hardness 2
Hardness of
water
Water
Analysis
20 A water sample was found to contain Ca(HCO3)2 120 mg/litre, CaSO4 80 CO4 K4 and Hardness 6
Hardness of
water
Water
Calculate temporary and permanent hardness of water sample of Analysis
21 water containing Mg(HCO3)2 = 9.3 mg/l, Ca(HCO3)2 = 17.4 mg/l, MgCl2 CO4 K4 and Hardness 6
= 8.7 mg/l, CaSO4 = 12.6 mg/l. Hardness of
water
 Water
Analysis
Zeolite
22 The hardness of 105 litres of water sample was completely removed by CO4 K4 and 6
Process
Hardness of
water
Water
Analysis
Zeolite
23 An exhausted zeolite softener was regenerated by passing 200 litres of N CO4 K4 and 6
Process
Hardness of
water
Water
Explain Analysis Boiler
24 (a) Priming and Foaming (b) Caustic Embrittlement CO4 K2 and proble 6
Hardness of m
water
Water
Explain Analysis Boiler
25 (a) Scale and sludge (b) Boiler corrosion CO4 K2 and proble 6
Hardness of m
water
Water
The hardness of 106 litres of water sample was completely removed by
Analysis
zeolite softener. The required 80 litres of NaCl solution, containing Zeolite
26 CO4 K4 and 6
1500 mg/lit. of NaCl for regeneration. Calculate the hardness of water Process
sample. Hardness of
water
Water
A water sample having the following data MgCO3 = 84mg/L, CaCO3 =
Analysis Lime
40mg/L, CaCl2 = 5.5mg/L, MgSO4 = 37mg/L, KCl = 20mg/L. Calculate
27 CO4 K4 and Soda 6
the amount of lime (86%) and Soda (82%) needed for the treatment of
80,000 liters of water. Hardness of Process
water
 A zeolite softener was 90% exhausted by removing the hardness Water
completely when 10,000 litres of hard water sample passed through it. Analysis
Zeolite
28 The exhausted zeolite bed required 200 litres of 3% sodium chloride CO4 K4 and 6
Process
solution for its complete regeneration. Calculate the hardness of water Hardness of
solution. water
Water
Calculate the quantity of lime and soda required for softening 60,000
Analysis Lime
litres of water containing: CO2 = 20 mg/L; Ca(HCO3)2 = 20 mg/L;
29 CO4 K4 and Soda 6
Mg(HCO3)2 = 25 mg/L; HCl = 8.4 mg/L; Al2(SO4)3 = 40 mg/L; MgCl2 =
12 mg/L. Hardness of Process
water
Water
The hardness of 100000 litres of water sample was completely
Analysis
removed by zeolite softener. The softener required 60 litres of NaCl Zeolite
30 CO4 K4 and 6
solution, containing 150 mg/lit. of NaCl for regeneration. Calculate the Process
Hardness of
hardness of water sample.
water
Water
Analysis
Reverse
31 Explain the desalination of water by reverse osmosis method. CO4 K2 and 6
Osmosis
Hardness of
water
Water
Analysis
Calgon
32 Explain the treatment of boiler feed water by calgon process. CO4 K2 and 6
process
Hardness of
water
Water
An exhausted zeolite softener was regenerated by passing 300 litres of
Analysis
NaCl solution, having strength 100 g/litre of NaCl. Calculate how many Zeolite
33 CO4 K4 and 6
litres of hard water sample having a hardness 500 ppm can be Process
Hardness of
softened using this softener?
water
 A water sample was found to contains the salts in mg/l CaSO4 = 20.4, Water
MgCl2 = 9.5 and HCl = 7.3. Calculate the quantity of lime (85% pure) Analysis Lime
34 and soda (80% pure) required for softening 80,000 litres of water. CO4 K4 and Soda 6
What would be the total cost of chemicals if lime and soda are Rs. 9 Hardness of Process
and Rs. 35 per Kg.? water
Water
A zeolite bed, on softening 7000 litres of hard water, required 60 litres Analysis
Zeolite
35 of 10% NaCl solution for regeneration. Calculate the hardness of water CO4 K4 and 6
Process
in ppm. Hardness of
water
Water
An exhausted Zeolite softener was regenerated by passing 150 L of
Analysis
NaCl solution, having a strength of 150 gm/L of NaCl. If the hardness Zeolite
36 CO4 K4 and 6
of water is 600 ppm. Calculate the total volume of water that can be Process
Hardness of
softened by this softener.
water
Water
Analysis Lime
37 Discuss the Cold Lime soda process for water softening method. CO4 K2 and Soda 6
Hardness of Process
water
The following data is obtained in a Bomb Calorimeter experiment:
Weight of Crucible = 3.649 gm
Weight of crucible + Fuel = 4.687 gm
Water equivalent of calorimeter = 570 gm
Water taken in calorimeter = 2200 gm
Observed rise in temperature = 2.30C Bomb
38 Cooling Correction = 0.047 0C CO4 K4 Fuels Calorim 6
Acid correction = 62.6 calories eter
Fuse wire correction = 3.8 calories
Cotton thread correction = 1.6 calories
Calculate the gross calorific value of the fuel sample. If the fuel
contains 6.5% hydrogen then, determine the net colorific value.
 Classific
Describe the term Chemical Fuel. Give its calssification and discuss the
39 CO4 K2 Fuels ation of 6
characteristics of a good fuel?
fuel
Bomb
Illustrate and explain how is the calorific value of a solid fuel
40 CO4 K3 Fuels Calorim 6
determined using Bomb calorimeter?
eter
3.00 gm of coal sample was kjeldahlised and NH3 gas thus evolved
was absorbed in 40 ml of N/10 H2SO4. After absorption, the Analysi
41 excess (residual) acid required 10ml of N/10 NaOH for exact CO4 K4 Fuels s of 6
neutralization. Calculate the percentage of Nitrogen in the coal Coal
sample.
0.8gm of a sample of coal was burnt in excess supply of oxygen in a
bomb calorimeter. The washing was then heated with BaCl2 and a Analysi
42 precipitate of BaSO4 was obtained. The precipitate was filtered, dried CO4 K4 Fuels s of 6
and weight and was found to be 0.08 gm. Calculate the percentage of Coal
sulphur in coal sample.
A sample of coal was analysed as follows: Exactly 1.40gm was weighed
into a silica crucible. After heating for one hour at 105 to 1100C the
residue weighed 1.10gm. The crucible next was covered with a vented Analysi
lid and strongly heated for exactly 7 minute at 950 + 200C. The
43 CO4 K4 Fuels s of 6
residue was weighed 1.00 gm. The crucible was then heated without
Coal
cover, until a constant weight was obtained. The last residue was
found to weight 0.21gm. Calculate the ash content, moisture content,
volatile matter and % of fixed carbon.
Dulong'
Calculate the gross and net calorific value of a coal which analyses: C
44 CO4 K4 Fuels s 6
74%, H 6%, N 1%, O 9%, S 0.8%, moisture 2.2% and ash 8%.
formula
The ultimate analysis of a coal(moist basis in %): C 69.8 , H 4.6 , N 1.4, Dulong'
45 O 8.5, S 2.5, H2O 4.5 and ash 8.7. Calculate, by means of the Dulong’s CO4 K4 Fuels s 6
formula, the gross calorific value, of the coal.   formula
 A sample of coal was analyzed for content of moisture, volatile matter
and ash. From following data, calculate the % of above quantities.
Weight of coal taken = 2.5 gms Analysi
46 Wt. of coal after heating at 100 0C = 2.365 gms CO4 K4 Fuels s of 6
Wt. of coal after heating covered crucible at 950 ± 20 0C = 1.165 gms Coal
Constant wt. obtained at the end of experiment = 0.460 gms

Water
Calculate temporary and permanent hardness of water sample of Analysis
47 water containing Mg(HCO3)2= 9.3 mg/l, Ca(HCO3)2 = 17.4 mg/l, MgCl2 CO4 K4 and Hardness 6
= 8.7 mg/l, CaSO4 = 12.6 mg/l Hardness of
water
Analysi
48 0.20 gm of an organic substance on combustion produces 0.40 gm of ca CO4 K4 Fuels s of 6
Coal
Water
Analysis
Zeolite
49 Explain Zeolite method for softening of hard water. CO4 K2 and 6
Process
Hardness of
water
Bomb
50 Explain the construction and working of Bomb Calorimeter? CO4 K2 Fuels Calorim 6
eter
Water
Analysis
Illustrate the Zeolite process for the treatment of hard water with its Zeolite
51 CO4 K3 and 9
advantages and disadvantages. Process
Hardness of
water
Water
Analysis
(a) Explain the desalination of water by reverse osmosis method. (b) Reverse
52 CO4 K2 and 9
Calgon treatment prevents scale formation in boilers, explain. Osmosis
Hardness of
water
 Water
Analysis Lime
Discuss the Lime and Soda process for the treatment of hard water
53 CO4 K2 and Soda 9
with its advantages and disadvantages.
Hardness of Process
water
Water
Ion
Analysis
exchan
54 Illustrate the ion exchange process for the treatment of hard water with CO4 K3 and 9
ge
Hardness of
process
water
Water
Analysis Boiler
Explain scale and sludge formation. Give a brief account of the
55 CO4 K2 and proble 9
treatment of boiler feed water by calgon process.
Hardness of m
water
Water
Analysis
Zeolite
56 Draw the diagram of Zeolite softener and explain the Zeolite process for CO4 K4 and 9
Process
Hardness of
water
Water
Ion
Draw the diagram of ion exchange assembly and explain the ion Analysis
exchan
57 exchange process for the treatment of hard water with its advantages CO4 K4 and 9
ge
and disadvantages. Hardness of
process
water
Water
Analysis Lime
58 Discuss the Cold Lime soda process and Hot lime soda process for water CO4 K2 and Soda 9
Hardness of Process
water
 Water
Analysis Boiler
59 Explain scale and sludge formation in boilers. How are they removed? CO4 K2 and proble 9
Hardness of m
water
Water
Analysis Boiler
60 Discuss boiler troubles and what are their consequences? How can be b CO4 K2 and proble 9
Hardness of m
water
(a)Draw and Explain how is the calorific value of a solid fuel
determined using bomb calorimeter experiment. (b) 1. A sample of
Coal containing 80% C, 15% H and 5% Ash is tested in bomb
calorimeter. The following insults were obtained.
Weight of Coal burnt = 0.98 gm
Weight of water taken = 1000 gm
Water equivalent of calorimeter = 2500 gm Bomb
61 Rise in temperature = 2.50C CO4 K4 Fuels Calorim 9
Cooling Correction = 0.020C eter
Acid correction = 50.0 calories
Fuse wire correction = 8.0 calories
Assuming the latent heat of condensation of steam as 580 coal/gm,
calculate the (i) Higher (ii) Lower calorific value of the fuel.

(a) Analyse proximate analysis of coal? (b) 2.00 gm of a coal sample

was kjeldahlised and NH3 gas thus evolved was absorbed in 45 ml of Analysi
62 N/10 H2SO4. After absorption, the excess (residual) acid required CO4 K4 Fuels s of 9
15ml of N/10 NaOH for exact neutralization. Calculate the percentage Coal
of Nitrogen in the coal sample.
(a) Illustrate the construction and working of bomb calorimeter?. (b)
In an experiment in a bomb calorimeter, a solid fuel of 0.90 g is burnt. Bomb
63 It is observed that increase of temperature is 3.8 oC of 4000 g of water. CO4 K3 Fuels Calorim 9
The fuel contains 1% of H. Calculate the H.C.V. and L.C.V. value (Water eter
equivalent of calorimeter = 385 g, latent heat of steam = 587 cal/g).
 Describe the terms gross and net calorific value of a fuel. Explain Bomb
64 the Bomb calorimetric method of determination of calorific value CO4 K2 Fuels Calorim 9
of a solid fuel. eter
Analysi
65 Discuss ultimate analysis of coal? CO4 K2 Fuels s of 9
Coal