Function

 is a rule of correspondence between two nonempty sets such that to each element of the first
set called domain, there corresponds one and only one element of the second set called range.

One-to-one – FUNCTION

Many-to-one – FUNCTION

One-to-many – MERE RELATION

Domain

 Set of inputs which serves as entry value to the function rule.

Range

 Set of outputs


Identify the function rule, domain and range of the given situation below.

a. The volume of spherical balloon of radius r is given by v = 4/3 π r3

Function rule: v = 4/3 π r3
Domain: {r|r ≥ 0}
Range: {v|v ≥ 0}

Piecewise Function

 Is a function defined by multiple subfunctions, where each subfunction applies to a certain

interval of the main functions domain.

A construction worker earned P20 per hour for the first 40 hours of work and P15 per hour for work in
excess of 40 hours. Write the piecewise function of the given problem.

P(h) = 20h, 0<h≤40

P(h) = 20(40)+(h-40)15

P(h) = 800+15h-600

P(h) = 200+15H, h>40

Finding the Domain

Solve the equation for y in terms of x.

i. If y is a polynomial, the domain is the set of real numbers.

ii. If y is a rational expression and contains an expression d(x) in the denominator, the domain
is the set of real numbers, except those values of x that make d(x) equal to 0.
𝑛
iii. If y contains a radical expression √𝑟(𝑥) where n is an even natural number. The domain is
the set of real numbers except those values of x that make r(x) less than 0.

Finding the Range

Solve the equation for x in terms of y.

i. If x is a polynomial, the range is the set of real numbers.

Exclude all restrictions in the defining equation(where y is in terms of x), if there is any.
ii. If x is a rational expression and contains an expression d(y) in the denominator, the range is
the set of real numbers, except those values of y that make d(y) equal to 0.
𝑛
iii. If x contains a radical expression √𝑟(𝑦) where n is an even natural number. The range is the
set of real numbers except those values of y that make r(y) less than 0.

3x-y=4
-1
[-y=4-3x]

y=3x-4

Domain: {x|x is € R}

Range: {y|y is € R}

Operational Functions

Sum and Difference

 If f and g are functions with domains Df and Dg, respectively, their sum is the function defined as
(f+g)(x)=f(x)+g(x), and their deifference is the function defined as (f-g)(x)=f(x)-g(x)

Product of Functions

 If f and g are functions with domains Df and Dg, respectively, their product is the function
defined as (f·g)(x)=f(x)·g(x)
Quotient of Functions

 If f and g are functions with domains Df and Dg, respectively, excluding the values of Dg that will
𝑓 𝑓(𝑥)
make g(x) zero, then their quotient is the function defined as ( )(x)=
𝑔 𝑔(𝑥)

Composition of Functions

 If f and g are functions with domains Df and Dg, the composite function f and g is defined as
(f•g)(x)=f[g(x)]