MA 105 : Calculus

D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Aryaman Maithani

IIT Bombay

11th September, 2019

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5
1. (i)
√
Writing y in terms of x gives us y = 1 − 2 x + x.
The desired area is
Z 1 Z 1 1
√

2 1 4 1 1
(1 − 2 x + x)dx = x − 2 · x 3/2 + x 2  = 1 − + = .

ydx =
0 0 3 2 0 3 2 6

(ii)
Solving for the intersection point of the two curves gives us
x 4 − 2x 2 = 2x 2 or x = 0, ±2.
It can be verified that for x ∈ [−2, 2], we have x 4 − 2x 2 ≤ 2x 2 .
Thus, the desired area is
4 3 1 5 2
Z 2 Z 2  
4 2 2 2 4 128
|x − 2x − 2x |dx = 4x − x dx = x − x  = .
−2 −2 3 5 −2 15

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5

1. (iii)
Solving for the intersection point gives us

3y − y 2 = 3 − y or y = 1, 3.

It can be verified that for y ∈ [1, 3], we have 3y − y 2 ≥ 3 − y .

Thus, the desired area is
Z 3  3
2 1 3 2
 4
−y + 4y − 3dy = − y + 2y − 3y  = .
1 3 1 3

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5

2. It is easy to see that the curves y = f (x) and y = g (x) intersect at (0, 0) and
(1 − a, a − a2 ).
Let us assume that a < 1 and find the area A.
Z 1−a
(1 − a)3
A= (x − x 2 − ax)dx = .
0 6

As A = 4.5, we get that (1 − a)3 = 27. Thus, we have it that a = −2.

3
Now, if we assume that a > 1, we get that A = (a−1)
6 = 4.5 which gives us that a = 4.

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5

3. Solving for the intersection point of the two curves gives us

π
6a cos θ = 2a(1 + cos θ) or θ = ± .
3
 π π
It is for θ ∈ − , that the circle is outside the cardioid. Thus, the desired area is
3 3

1 π/3
Z Z π/3
2 2 2
A= (6a cos θ) − (2a(1 + cos θ)) dθ = 2a 8 cos2 θ − 1 − 2 cos θdθ
2 −π/3 −π/3

Z π/3
2
= 2a 4 cos(2θ) − 2 cos θ + 3dθ = 4πa2
−π/3

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5

6. The region in the XY plane between the two curves is given by

{(x, y , 0) ∈ R3 : −2 < x < 2, x 2 < y < 8 − x 2 }.
It can be seen that the plane y = 4 is a plane of symmetry for the region. Thus, the
centers of the circles mentioned must lie on this plane.
Given a plane x = x0 , the area of the circle of cross-section is given by π(4 − x02 )2 .
Thus, the required volume is
Z 2
512π
V = π(4 − x 2 )2 dx = .
−2 15

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5

8. We can fix the line to be along z−axis, 0 ≤ z ≤ h.

For any fixed z, the area of the cross-section of the solid is r 2 .
Z h
Thus, the required volume is r 2 dz = hr 2 .
0

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5

9. Washer Method.
In the washer method, the slices are taken perpendicular to the axis of revolution. In
this case, the axis of revolution is the line y = −1.
Let f1 (x) := 3 − x 2 and f2 (x) := −1 where both the functions are defined from [−2, 2]
to R.
The volume will given by
Z 2 Z 2
2 2 512π
V =π (f1 (x) − (−1)) − (f2 (x) − (−1)) dx = π (4 − x 2 )2 dx = .
−2 −2 15

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5

9. Shell Method.
In the shell method, the slivers (which look like cylindrical shells) are taken parallel to
the axis of revolution.
√
For y0 ∈ [−1, 3], the line y = y0 cuts the curve at the points (− 3 − y0 , y0 ) and
√ √
( 3 − y0 , y0 ). Thus, the height of the sliver is 2 3 − y0 .
Moreover, the radius, that is, the distance of this sliver from the axis of rotation is:
y0 + 1.
Thus, by shell method, we get that the volume of the solid is
Z 3 Z 4 p
p 512π
V = 2π (y + 1)(2 3 − y )dy = 4π y 4 − y dy = .
−1 0 15

The last integral can be calculated easily using Integration by parts.

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5
10.
y

√
3
x

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07

Sheet 5

10. We can compute the volume of the portion cut out by finding the volume of
revolution (about the y −axis) of the shaded part. This can be done easily using
washer method.
Z 1
p 2 √ 2 4π
V0 = π 4 − y2 − 3 dy = .
−1 3
4π 2
The total volume of the ball is V = (2) .
3
28π
Thus, the volume cut out is V − V 0 = .
3

Aryaman Maithani MA 105 : Calculus D1 - T5, Tutorial 07