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rice cultivation cum fish farming system Kuhls - Similar irrigation system in J&K
harvests both ground and surface water for Apatani Surface water harvesting method typical to the hill
irrigation. It is practiced by Apatani tribes of ziro in areas of Uttarakhand
the lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh. Naula
Small wells or ponds in which water is collected by
Virdas making a stone wall across a stream
built by Maldharis, who used to roam these structures about 10x12 ft size, 6 ft deep carved out
grasslands in hard rock moutain
found in Banni grasslands, Rann of Kutch found in Himachal Pradesh (Kangra, Mandi Hamirpur)
Khatri
Animals & washing purposes
shallow wells dug in low depressions called Jheels (tanks)
2 types
Human consumption
main irrigation sources in Ancient Gond tribal
kingdom - now in MP and Odisha Individual + community + govt owned
built by village headman called Gauntias Zabo
aat (highland)
Practiced in Nagaland
mal (sloped land)
Land classified into 4 groups based on topo Katas/Mundas/Bandhas
aka ruza system
berna (medium land)
water is collected in pond like structures in the
bahal (low land)
N -S or E-W of a village middle terraces; below are cattle yards, and towards
the foot of the hill are paddy fields, where the
Traditional Rain W ater run-off ultimately meanders into.
Harvesting Systems means impounding run-off
Surangam
Closely knitted or matted coconut thatch is tied to this frame. A coat of mud is applied to Korambu Allocations for maintenance of eris could no longer be supported by the village
the matted frame. A layer of grass is also applied carefully which prevents dissolution of communities, and these extraordinary water harvesting systems began to
the applied mud. decline.
Korambu is constructed to raise the water level in the canal and to divert the water into South Travancore
field channels. It is so built that excess water flows over it and only the required amount Ooranis Tanks - contains just enough water to cultivate few
of water flows into the diversion channels. The height of the Korambu is so adjusted that
acres of land dependent on them
the fields lying on the upstream are not submerged.
Bodo Tribes of Assam
Water is allowed to flow from one field to another until all the field are irrigated. They are Dongs
built twice a year especially before the onset of the monsoon season in order to supply individually owned with no community involvement
water during winter and summer season