INTRODUCTION TO TRANSFORMERS

A transformer is a statics device which can transfer A.C power from one
circuit to the another circuit at the same frequency . There is no rotating
part in the transformer . The energy transformation is a transformer takes
place magnetically and not electrically.

When the voltage is raised on the output side the transformer is called
step up transformer.

Fig 1 Transformer
When the voltage is lowered on the output side the transformer is called
step down transformer. In our country electrical power is Usually
generated reason A.C economical reasons AC power is transmitted at
high voltage over long distance therefore a step up transformer is applied
at the generating station . Then to feed different area , voltage is stooped
down to different levels by transformer at various sub stations , voltage
is stepped down to 400/23Ov for safety reasons
THE BASIC WORKING PRINCIPLE OF TRANSFORMER

TRANSFORMER

Transformer refers to the static electromagnetic setting which can

transfer power from one circuit to another one. In AC circuits, AC
voltage, current and waveform can be transformed with the help of
Transformers. Each transformation is usually to transfer from one circuit
to another one by the way of electromagnetism, but it has no direct
relation with this circuit. It also can be transformed through
electromagnetism (electrical manner). This electromagnetism is known
as auto-transformer.

Transformer plays an important role in electronic equipment. AC and

DC voltage in Powrer supply equipment are almost achieved by
transformer's transformation and commutation. At the same time the
electrical parameters transformed by transformer are not one but a few
ones. Most of the isolation, matching and impedance in the circuit carry
out by transformer.

Simple schematic diagram of the transformer .It is connected by closed-

magnet (iron cores), two windings and AC power supply. The winding is
called the primary winding; another winding is connected with load, and
it is called secondary windings.

No-load state of Transformer: viz. the disconnecting state between he

secondary' winding and load Connect the primary winding and the
power supply of AC voltageUl, and then it will produce alternating
current 10, this current is called no-load currents. This current set up
alternating magnetic which is closed along iron core magnetic circuit.
At the same time, it traverses the primary winding and secondary
winding, and then produces inducting electromotive forceE2 (secondary
no-load voltage).