CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Hospitality industry is a people and service oriented industry. It is made of organizations

and corporations belonging to various sectors. The tourism industry incorporates hospitality
associated with lodging and eating , journey & transportation offerings through distinct
modes , & various different business which provide products and services to vacationers.
Tourism is an information rich industry. The tourism and hospitality industry has emerged
as one of the key drivers of growth among the various service sectors. Tourism has end up a
sun rise enterprise international, an employment generator, a sizable source of forex for the
us of a and an financial pastime that helps nearby and host communities. As it is an era of
information and communication technology (ICT), its tremendous growth has motivated
tourism & hospitality industry to provide their services online. Internet & Information
technology is the main reason behind the success of tourism and hospitality industry. After
the advent of e-tourism, there was a chance for the industry to be noticed by many people
and obtain the services globally.
Traditional journey sellers, tour operators, airlines, Government travellers workplace
transportation, Restaurants, and lodging companies began imparting services online.
Tourism has been proved beneficial for both tourists and hospitality industry.

1.1 Role of internet for tourists -

E-tourism enables to schedule their trip online, search according to their wish, get useful
information regarding booking the tickets and arranging their travels, booking hotels, get
data pertaining various locations and about travel agencies. Due to the availability of each
and every information now customers cannot be fooled , internet has made stronger the
protection of consumer rights.

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1.2 Role of internet for tourism enterprise- The development of the Internet has
deeply affected the way tourism and travel intermediaries carry out their enterprise. The
development of vertical portals has redefined the tour commercial enterprise.

1. The internet represents an effectual and beneficial distribution channel for gathering
customers and it allows to identify their needs & desires.

2. Good promotional visualization of tourism products & services with help of internet
sources can create a better impression within the people than brochures and catalogues.

3. Unlimited database and limitless capacity of digital media allows instant get admission
to the tourist market free merchandise to each potential traveller. E-tourism can help in
getting access to globally with faster and higher verbal exchange and records with minimal
tariff .

4. Internet allows the improvement of performance of travel organizations via speeding up

communication and supplying all the vital information.

5. In developing and handling on line popularity through nurturing their on line presence
and build the positive reviews especially on the subject of authoritative websites.

6. Contemporary business in tourism marketplace is characterized by using the

implementation of numerous reserving systems in to business systems of tour
organizations, railways ,resort chains, airlines etc.

7. The internet allows high excellent and powerful market studies and business espionage.

8. They can now move for online tour packages preparations and arrangements ,that's the
maximum successful way to save time and costs of their customers and the agency too.

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9. By the access of net in tourism industry promotional tools along with TV, radio,
newspapers, catalogues and posters are advanced to textual content, drawings, snap shots or
3-D images and many others like the usage of Video materials to convey greater audience,
by means of VLOGGING and advertising thru movies. Like- YouTube is the most crowded
location to sell their offerings and they also can get feedbacks immediately in remarks.
10. In the contemporary international environment, tour groups can use net as a profitable
medium of tourism advertising and sales. Like, tourism industries can use social media as a
great platform for promoting and spreading awareness about their services, by finding out
where the target users are lively and be part of with them in conversations, chatting,
organizations and so forth. And now not losing their time with non-focused audience.

1.3 E-TOURISM
Tourism is an exceptionally data rich action. As of late there have been numerous uses of
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in traveller ventures. A few creators
have given the term 'E‐tourism' for the utilization of ICT to tourist industries. This mostly
contains the e‐commerce applications for overseeing tourism business with the assistance
of data frameworks. Nobody can disregard this impact. Since individuals are becoming
used to new electronic gadgets, they are after new e‐channels, connect with Tourism
Industry[T.I.] . "The fascinating point is that, the majority of the advancements have been
requested by individuals yet it has been presented by few tourism organizations" (Buhalis,
2004). Electronic gadgets can be utilized for commercial, coordinate promoting, open
relationship, CRM and in setting up database bank. Staying aware of world patterns of e‐
tourism and executing data communication innovations, enhancing the relations with the
present clients, new & potential clients are a need with the end goal to raise a productive
online tourism entrance. Considering the so called globalisation of the knowledge‐based
data structure of the economy, information and communication technologies (ICT) are
firmly connected with tourism. In fact , since the usage of the principal mechanized
reservation frameworks (mid 1960's), the tourism industry is a standout amongst the most
broad "client" of the information and communication technology (ICTs). The collection,

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preparation & communication of data are the way to travel & tourism industry
(kotker,2009). It can likewise provide consistent competitive benefits to tourism
organizations. E-tourism leads to the improvement of the distribution system and
dispensing with pointless merchants and its expenses , also setting up online fairs can be
another advantage of electronic devices. Thus , the significance and need of ICT
(Information and Communication Technology) & E‐Marketing are clear in the as follows :

1. Online tourism is an instrument to expand customer satisfaction by means of various

customisations as well as it consumer-oriented.

2. It helps in reducing expenses of gathering data & marketing.

3. Setting up direct connection among customers and distributors.

4. E-tourism leads to utilisation of social-media, mass-media and multi-media for

advertising , selling & distribution purposes.

5. It is a device for creating helpful and up‐to‐date data.

6. Helping to create & enhance direct promoting Worldwide organizations, airlines, offices,
carriers, better places for visiting, visits and other relative dynamic associations in the said
business can apply electronic gadgets to build up their functionalities & can gain share in
the market & their income consequently (Peschike, 2001).

E-TOURISM is a mix of 3 sectors-

1) BUSINESS – Marketing, Finance , HRM , Procurement

2) TOURISM- Transport, Travel, Hospitality, Leisure , Heritage

3) IT - Information Systems (IS) , Information communication technologies (ICT) ,

Telecommunications.

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1.4 Tourism E‐Marketing - Tourism marketing may be seemed as a system of
making and growing aggregate of tourism offering to supply to tourist’s memorable and
gratifying experience & at the equal time fulfil the financial and social improvement
desires of the host community . The web can be considered as last insurgency in circulation
of tourism data and deals. It is even turning into the essential channel for B2B and B2C
conversation . It offers the providers the possibility to by-pass go-betweens in the cost
chain and expands their income base. Tourism and innovation are going as an inseparable
unit together . Tourism and era are going hand in hand together. IT and ICTs are presently a
key determinant of hierarchical aggressiveness as consequence of a few noteworthy
advancements, by Cunninham (2002) sentiment, they are including:

Enormous upgrades in processing capacity; Decrease of device length; Reduction of

hardware and software costs; Increase of computing pace ;globalisation of demand and
deliver, especially in tourism; and betterment of dependability, similarity &
interconnectivity of terminals & applications. These improvements greatly affect the
activity, structure and procedure of imaginative and mechanical propelled associations.

1.5. Objectives

The objectives of this study are framed as follows –

1) To study the impact of E-Commerce on tourism industry.

2) To understand the opportunities prevailing in E- Tourism Industry

3) To determine the challenges in E- Tourism

4) To find out market trend for E- Tourism
5) “This thesis determines the various factors impacting different aspects relating to digital
marketing in tourism.”
6) “Particularly, aim is to assess the impact of digital marketing on travel & tourism
industry in India”

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Various modes for communication in E-TOURISM MARKETING

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 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEWED

1. Abhijit Mitraetal, (2013)-

states that the Electronic commerce or business is more than just another way to sustain
or .Rather- commerce is a paradigm shift .It is a disruptive innovation that is radically
changing the traditional way of doing business. Ecommerce is showing tremendous
business growth in our country. Increasing internet users have added to its growth.
Ecommerce has helped online travel industry in many ways and added and sales venue
through online retail industry in our country. The present study has been undertaken to
describe the present status and facilitators of E-Commerce in India, analyse the present
trends of E- Commerce in India and examine the barriers of E-Commerce in India.

2. Marco Ginanneschi (2014)-

presents the results of a survey conduct edit 2013 on a sample of 17 Tuscan hotels, this
article analyse the impact of e-commerce on hotel management .It focuses on turn over,
profitability .The collected information suggest the share of OTA related sales has
become undoubtedly significant to the point and investment choices. The level of
commissions applied by the new travel intermediaries is excessive according to hotels,
which try to react by adopting directly Controlled online booking systems. While
profitability decreases, turnover and employment seem to be growing. Which try to
react by adopting directly controlled online booking systems? While profitability
decreases, turnover and employment seem to be growing.

3. Zia Ullah, Muhammadetal. (2014)-

States that the purpose of this study is to know about demonstrate an integrative model
of e-tailing system quality, e-satisfaction, e-trust and commitment in China. Customer’s

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commitment is fundamental other survival and profitability of e-tailing .Perhaps, study
variables have considerable importance on e- retailors performance. The data were
collected from a sample of 383 students at universities in China during the first quarter
of 2014. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling
(SEM) to evaluate the hypotheses about the relationship among model constructs. Thus
all the hypotheses developed in the study were positively confirmed except on,
reinforcing the theory and previous research in this field. The results indicates that system
quality is positively associated with e-trust and e-satisfaction, similarly e trust influences
positively to both types of commitment. However, e- satisfaction has positive effect on
affective commitment, but it has not significant positive connection with continuance
commitment in our study. This study reveals interesting implications that are useful to
both academicians and practitioners.

4. Raffaele Filieriand Fraser Mc Leay., (2015) –states that Online views

(ORs) are continuing to foster are new spread of word-of-mouth in the travel industry.
Travellers are increasingly using OR to inform them about accommodations and other
tourism-related products .As such, it is important to we adopt the elaboration. We
measure the influence of six dimensions of information quality that are part of the
central route and two dimensions that are associated with the peripheral route
persuasion. The results of this study reveal that product ranking, information
accuracy, information value-added , information relevance, and information timelines
are strong predictors of traveller’s adoption of information from OR son
accommodations .These result simply that high-involvement travellers adopt both
central (information quality) and peripheral (product Rankin)routes when they
process information from ORs.

5. Sarfaraz Hashemkhani Zolfani, Maedeh Sedaghat , Reza Maknoon

Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas (2015)-in the paper aims to study the
progress of research on Sustainable Tourism and to outline and identify the key
disciplines, journals, articles and authors. This is carried out through a wide, in-depth,

8
 and structured examination of published scholarly papers. In recent decades,
sustainable tourism has been one of the most significant subjects among academics
and practitioners. In this paper, a classification scheme and a comprehensive literature
review are presented in order to clarify, categories, and interpret the current research
on sustainable tourism definitions and applications. The classification scheme for this
review contains 132 scholarly papers from 47 journals since the year 1993 up to 2013
categorized into 14 application areas. The five major topics are Paradigm, Sustainable
Tourism Development, Market research and Economic, Policy- making and
Infrastructure.

6. S.K. Kuthiala in his -Tourism and Hospitality Industry in India - Journal of

Services Research, Volume 1, Number 1 (April-September, 2001) –To achieve
rapid industrialization, need for advancements in the field of transportation and
communication has become essential. Such advancements have led to start and
growth of industries which has opened several job opportunities and has enhanced
earning levels leading to increase in disposable income. People, to break from
regular work, are showing interest in travelling & touring. India, with wider
geographical diversity & culture, attracts people, thus offering tremendous potential
for tourism.

7. Mohammad Amaan Khan in his -A broad view of prospects of tourism

industry with reference to India - Pranjana Vol 17, No 2, Jul-Dec, 2014 – Use
of internet plays a significant role in connecting tourism service providers and
customers. Information technology is looked as a tool for marketing travel and
tourism. It helps in creating information environment for tourism institution thus
impacting tourism system.

8. UKESSAYS in his - Technology Has Significant Impact on the Travel

Tourism Essay - Published: 23, March 2015 –

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Technology has an impact on the way business is operated. In the recent past, travel and
tourism industry has progressed along with the development in technology. In short,
technology has redefined the way tourism is managed. Communication technology has
contributed towards promotion of destination, attracting tourists, enabling online
reservations and payment systems. This has bridged gaps between the tourism service
providers and the seekers. Tourists can access all kinds of information online, collate,
compare and decide on their travel.

9. Professor Jennifer Rowley in his - The International Journal of

Organizational Innovation Vol 8 Num 1 July 2015 – Digital marketing helps an
organization to develop foresight and plan internet marketing activities and keep
abreast with changing trends by offering customised services to the prospective
customers.

10.Courtney L Vien in his- The future of marketing: Thriving in the digital

world – Journal of Accountancy - June 1, 2015 – Use of digital marketing has
introduced several changes and challenges in marketing strategies of organizations.
There is a significant move where customers discover the firm, evaluate offerings,
assess online instantaneously. Social media and content marketing complement each
other by bringing in potential customers to business. With strong online presence, a
firm can create their brand and impact target market.

11. Ferdinand in his- Presentation on digital marketing for tourism businesses

and travel brands - Published on Feb 6, 2015 –

Understanding is that, the organizations benefits from best practices related to website
design and development. Tourism service providers have to focus on implementing
digital marketing and use social media strategy to tap tourism business potential. SEO
is an important element to be implemented.

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12. Kelsey Bradbury in his- The growing role of social media in tourism
marketing (http://kelseybradbury.weebly.com) – States the role and importance
of social media in tourism marketing. Use of Search engines, Facebook, Twitter,
Flickr, YouTube , user-generated reviews, Content sharing, Blogging is on
significant increase and has contributed towards growth of tourism.

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 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGIES

A) Quantitative method- Quantitative methods are techniques regarding the collection

of data through mathematical, statistical and cartographical ( of geometry and
trigonometry) methods. Statistical Tools are used for descriptive analysis of the subject in
the research work. Quantitave analysis is done to support the research with facts and
figures. Data is collected through secondary methods which were obtained from different
sources. Mainly from the official publications of “United Nations World Tourism
Organization (UNWTO), World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)”,Government of
India (GOI) and Ministry of Tourism (MOI). These are the official sites of travel & tourism
industry. Various observations are made through online surveys and interviews. For the
purposes of the research, data was collected through various secondary sources like-
-research articles,
- books and periodicals,
- newspapers,
-study reports of expert committees,
-departmental publications,
-seminar reports,
- unpublished dissertations,
-plan documents,
- pamphlets, broachers and advertisement
- TTCI published by World Economic Forum
- Various journals and magazines of tourism, news releases etc.
- Annual Reports and Economic Survey of Tourism Ministry of Government of India
- Singapore tourism board annual reports
- UNWTO Reports
- Various websites

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B)Qualitative method- Qualitative research methods are the techniques which are
based on quality measures i.e. not the facts and figures. In fact it is the basis of human
geography including a plethora of various points of psychological, philosophical,
methodological and theoretical research. Three qualitative methods are- oral(unstructured
interview), textual analysis (content analysis documents), and direct observation .

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 CHAPTER 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 WORLD’S TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP

GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION

“The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was USD2,306.0bn (3.1% of total
GDP) in 2016, and is forecast to rise by 3.8% in 2017, and to rise by 4.0% pa, from 2017-
2027, to USD3,537.1bn (3.5% of total GDP) in 2027.”
GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was USD7,613.3bn (10.2% of GDP) in
2016, and is forecast to rise by 3.6% in 2017, and to rise by 3.9% pa to USD11,512.9bn
(11.4% of GDP) in 2027.
EMPLOYMENT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION

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In 2016 Travel & Tourism directly supported 108,741,000 jobs (3.6% of total
employment). This is expected to rise by 2.1% in 2017 and rise by 2.2% pa to 138,086,000
jobs (4.0% of total employment) in 2027.
EMPLOYMENT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
In 2016, the total contribution of Travel & Tourism to employment, including jobs indirectly
supported by the industry, was 9.6% of total employment (292,220,000 jobs). This is
expected to rise by 1.9% in 2017 to 297,896,000 jobs and rise by 2.5% pa to 381,700,000
jobs in 2027 (11.1% of total)
VISITOR EXPORT
Visitor exports generated USD1,401.5bn (6.6% of total exports) in 2016. This is forecast to
grow by 4.5% in 2017, and grow by 4.3% pa, from 2017-2027, to USD2,221.0bn in 2027
(7.2% of total).
INVESTMENT
Travel & Tourism investment in 2016 was USD806.5bn, or 4.4% of total investment. It
should rise by 4.1% in 2017, and rise by 4.5% pa over the next ten years to USD1,307.1bn
in 2027 (5.0% of total).

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4.2 INDIA’S TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP

GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION

The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was INR4,809.8bn , 3.3% of total
GDP in 2016 and is forecast to rise by 6.9% in 2017, and to rise by 6.8% pa, from 2017-
2027, to INR9,948.5bn (USD148.2bn), 3.5% of total GDP in 2027.
GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was INR14,018.5bn ,9.6% of GDP in
2016, and is forecast to rise by 6.7% in 2017, and to rise by 6.7% pa to INR28,491.8bn
(USD424.5bn), 10.0% of GDP in 2027.
EMPLOYMENT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
In 2016 Travel & Tourism directly supported 25,394,500 jobs (5.8% of total employment).
This is expected to rise by 2.1% in 2017 and rise by 2.1% pa to 31,910,000 jobs (6.1% of
total employment) in 2027.

EMPLOYMENT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION

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In 2016, the total contribution of Travel & Tourism to employment, including jobs
indirectly supported by the industry was 9.3% of total employment (40,343,000 jobs). This
is expected to rise by 1.8% in 2017 to 41,074,000 jobs and rise by 2.0% pa to 49,868,000
jobs in 2027 (9.6% of total)
VISITOR EXPORTS
Visitor exports generated INR1,529.3bn , 5.4% of total exports in 2016. This is to grow by
5.4% in 2017, and grow by 6.1% pa, from 2017-2027, to INR2,901.7bn (USD43.2bn) in
2027, 6.8% of total
INVESTMENT
Travel & Tourism investment in 2016 was INR2,284.9bn, 5.7% of total investment . It
should rise by 4.5% in 2017, and rise by 5.7% pa over the next ten years to INR4,149.0bn
in 2027, 5.7% of total.

According to data, the Travel and Tourism Industry generated Rs 14.1 trillion
(USD208.9 billion) in 2016 , India is world’s 7th largest in the terms of travel &tourism
industry ; the sum is equivalent to 9.6% of India’s GDP.
Additionally, the sector created 40.3 million jobs in 2016, which ranks India 2nd in the
world in terms of total employment generated. The sector accounts for 9.3% of the
country’s total jobs.

Growth expected to continue in 2018

The current momentum is required to proceed in 2018, however at a more supportable pace
following eight years of consistent extension following the 2009 monetary and money related
emergency. In view of current patterns, monetary prospects and the viewpoint by the
UNWTO Board of Specialists, UNWTO ventures global visitor landings worldwide to
develop at a rate of 4%-5% of every 2018. This is to some degree over the 3.8% normal
increment anticipated for the period 2010-2020 by UNWTO in its Tourism Towards 2030
long haul gauge. Europe and the Americas are both anticipated that would develop by 3.5%-
4.5%, Asia and the Pacific by 5%-6%, Africa by 5%-7% and the Central East by.

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TABLE 1: IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON TRAVEL & TOURISM

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From the above table it is clear that 85% of the tour operators has the opinion that E-
commerce on E-tourism has increased their business. 61.25% of the tour operators opined
that due to online services , the transaction time has also reduced, 46.25 % opined that it
generate competitive advantages, 61.25% opined that it reduces cost of operation as one
can operate multiple tasks with the help of internet from far away places , 53.75% opined
that e-tourism has made marketing easy, 33.75% opined that it helped to maintain direct
contact with tourists as e-tourism certainly decreases the direct contact with customers ,
66.25% opined that it helped the to reach new tourists on the platform of e-tourism as it
gave them a globalised platform, 58.75% opined that it helped in global level expansion of
their businesses, 58.75% opined that it speeds up business processes for E-tourism is more
fast and prompt and 60.00% opined that it improves quality of services.
Hence, majority has opined that e-commerce has positive impact on Travel & Tourism
industry.

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 TABLE 2 : OPPORTUNITIES FOR E-TOUR OPERATORS

The above table 2 shows the percentage of opportunities developed for e-tour operators due
to online marketing in travel & tourism.
60.00% of the respondents said that they received better financial support after
implementation of e-tourism, 66.25% opined that the Trade fair and exhibition considered
as an opportunity to E - Tour operators, 86.25% opined that e-tourism is an useful means
for Departmental advertisement , 67.50% feels that the Special schemes creates opportunity
to E -Tour operators, 67.50% considered Public and private programme as opportunity
to them, 87.50% accepted that the Market development programme provides opportunity
to E -Tour operators, 53.75% agrees with Encouraging study tour programmes creates an

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opportunity to E -Tour operators, 61.25% for Development of systematic tour operations,
85.00 % Revenue generation programs and proposals creates opportunities for E -Tour
operators . Hence, Majority of the Respondents are feeling that the digitalisation in
tourism industry has given better opportunity to E -Tour operators for growth.
TABLE 3 : CHALLENGES OF E-TOURISM

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In the above table the challenges and difficulties for e-tour operators in e-tourism are shown.
In which, 55.00 % of the tour operators feel that there is high cost of infrastructure in online
operations , 65.00% feels Technological barriers as one of the problem of E-Tourism , 65%
feels that upgradation of information is a difficulty in online tourism, 67.50% says that there
is also a challenge of online fraud and cyber security, 75.00 % feels that obsolescence as one
of the another challenges of E-Tourism, 52.50% opined that market competition has
increased with the implementation of E-Tourism , 55.00 % opined that online payment and
settlement is also one challenge as there is no direct contact to customers, 67.25 % of the
operators are saying that there is the Problem of stealing the information, 85.00 % of the
respondents are of opinion that there is absence of face to face interaction between e-
tour operators & tourists.
Hence, majority of tour operators feel that mainly absence of face is to face interaction
is the major challenge in e-tourism.

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 CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION & FUTURE PROSPECTS
5.1 Conclusion
It is very well inferred that online marketing is an unavoidable factor for the development
& advancement of tour and travel industry worldwide. As this is the age of internet and
digitalisation where everything has become faster and easier, so without internet there will
be a question mark to the flourishing of T&T as well as T&T is among those sectors which
will have a huge impact of digitalisation and advancement. As it is a service– oriented
industry and in this age of modernisation all the services have been provided through the
medium of internet, tourism operators or tourism businesses will be a flop if their services
are not integrated with the online service. In order to achieve the best competitive
advantage, tourism marketers should go with the usage of the latest technical advancements
aiming to explore the right way to reach their potential tourists or customers globally by
modifying their offerings to meeting their certain needs and prerequisites. Furthermore , the
emergence of Information technology (ICT) and technological development has
transformed the tourism and travel industry in a very comprehensive manner On the one
hand digital tourism marketing has made industry more competitive on the other hand more
attractive to both consumers & service distributors. The tourism converged with
information technology in the beginning time when Computer Reservations Systems (CRS)
were implemented, then in another 10 years GDS, & then a comprehensive system called
Internet Distribution System (IDS) was developed which made use of e-media as well as
communication technology developed. Presently, digital tourism consists of-
- e-travel agencies,
-e-airlines,
- e-destinations.
- e-hospitality management and,
- e-tour operators
Which has contributed in increasing of sales for the seller, more consumer-satisfaction for
tourists and have developed comfortable means .Today the tourism market is rapidly
developing and changing and achieving continuous. This change will lead to increase tour

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& travel in the world due to ease and comforts provided by technology. Due to such
advancement digital marketing is not only confined to desktop or laptop , now bookings
and various other services can be seek through various applications in the mobile phone
itself . It’s use is rapidly rising as being more handy and mobile in nature that helps users
connecting to the tour-operators all the time .

5.2Recommendations & Suggestions

1. Tourism players should pay more emphasis on collecting refined feedback & make
future marketing strategies based on them.
2. keeping in mind the risks and threats of internet the operators should keep the personal
information of the customer confidential, to maintain higher levels of integrity.
3. E-tour operators have to ensure a clear interaction with the customers as e-tourism I an
indirect means for interaction which reduces the level of direct interaction very much.
4. They should immediately address and answer the remarks or comments posted on their
applications & sites. Because consumers analyse the data on various online business sites
with respect to the company’s site for verification so a component of trust should be
created.
5. They need to upgrade web search tools, upgrade client experience and go up against to
online networking, email promoting & content marketing .
6. Tourism distributors and co-ops require to centre around making their specialty
commercial place within the virtual space with their site and collaborating with online
business operators.

5.3 FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

As travel and tourism is an evergreen sector, which counts in area of interest of people .so
future of this industry is clearly very bright. Rising e-tourism advancements and
frameworks are dependably industry-driven. Later on, this zone will proceed with its
standard elements and perspective changes as new innovations are created & broadly

24
embraced by organizations and purchasers. In any case, numerous investigations are post-
hoc in nature, examining client selection and conduct changes sometime later. Imaginative
and prescient research is expected to centre around imagining the future and coordinating
receptions by working with the business on investigating new frontiers. Researchers should
focus on-
-how to select various information systems
-which new technology is relevant to their tourism business
-how different online modes and means can be used to promote their business, can help in
operation, and which marketing strategies to be adopted.

Lastly, adoption of e-commerce travel and tourism will lead to a boom & prosperity in this
sector. It is expected that their will be increased growth in this market as this is the age of
internet where even food is ordered online these days, so seeking the travel
accommodations is very expected. Some online based travel companies like taxi companies
like- ola, uber , similarly online hotel booking sites- trivago, Oyo rooms, MakeMyTrip etc.
Before their departure, tourists are planning their journey with the help of e-commerce sites
and the no. of users is increasing day by day.

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 REFERENCES

- Journal of Services Research, Volume 1, Number 1 (April-September, 2001)

- India - Pranjana Vol 17, No 2, Jul-Dec, 2014

-Technology Has Significant Impact on the Travel Tourism Essay - Published: 23, March
2015

- The International Journal of Organizational Innovation Vol 8 Num 1 July 2015.

- The future of marketing: Thriving in the digital world – Journal of Accountancy - June 1,
2015

- Presentation on digital marketing for tourism businesses and travel brands - Published on
Feb 6, 2015

-The growing role of social media in tourism marketing (http://kelseybradbury.weebly.com)

- http://www.unwto.org/

- https://www.wttc.org/

-. http://www.tourism.gov.in/ 4. http://www.iato.in/

- http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00277767/document

-http://www.elsevier.com/locate/tourman

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