DESIGN OF CLOSED LOOP FLY BACK CONVERTER USING 3524 IC

Aim:

To generate a variable dc voltage fed from a constant dc source. The output voltage of
the converter is varied by varying the firing angle given to the thyristor and to maintain constant
output voltage by employing closed loop operation.

Operation:

Choppers are mainly employed to get a variable dc output voltage from a constant dc
source. The control circuit is introduced by employing Thyristors between the load and a
constant dc voltage source. The output voltage applied to a load circuit is controlled by
controlling the triggering angle of the Thyristors.

There are different types of choppers available in market to control the dc power flow:

1) Buck converter (step down converter)

2) Boost converter (step up converter)

3) buck-boost converter (step down/up converter)

4) Fly back converter (step down converter)

In this paper we are going to study the designing aspects of closed loop fly back converter. As
stated above the control technique is introduced by employing controlled switches (thyristor)
between load and source. The required trigger pulses to the thyristor switch are generated using
3524 IC. Therefore by controlling the duty cycle of the switch the average output voltage can be
controlled.
The major building blocks of the project are:

1. Power supply section

2. Controlling section
3. Driver IC section
4. Sensing section

The required gate pulses are generated using 3524 PWM IC.it is an 16 pin dual in pack IC.
It generates PWM signal at high frequency .The operating frequency is determined by
frequency determining components R & C connected to PWM IC. This PWM is given to driver
IC 4425 which boost the PWM signal to drive thyristor. Here an opto coupler is used in order to
protect logic section from power section. Output voltage is maintained constant by employing
closed loop operation. Here the output voltage is sensed and given back to the comparator inbuilt
to the IC. The comparator compares the output voltage and set voltage, if there is any difference
an error signal is generated which changes PWM duty cycle until the error signal becomes zero.
There by maintaining a constant output voltage irrespective of amount of load applied to it.

Advantages:

1) Accurate value of the output voltage will be obtained

2) Wide range of control is possible.
3) Power loss in the converter is very less than the rheostat method.

Disadvantages:

1) Harmonics will be induced in the line.

Applications:

1) Lighting / Illumination for domestic usage.

2) Speed control of dc motors.
3) Industrial heating & Domestic heating.
4) Intermittent power stages.
5) DC magnet control
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
SOFTWARE TOOLS USED:

1. ORCAD to draw the schematic diagram

HARDWARE USED:

1. Power supply

2. 3524 IC

3. MOSFET and its driver

4. High frequency transformer