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A.

Etiquette and Taboo in Bali


- The word "Bli", for Balinese the word "Bli" means brother, the name is certainly
for people we know well and have the intention to be more friendly and friendly,
especially the name for men who are older from us, except if you already know
their kinship like uncle. If you don't know, it's also important to know that in Bali
you know about castes such as the name Ida Bagus, Anak Agung, Cokorde or
Gusti whose communication languages are different. Although they are not
offended by the title "Bli" it would be nice not to mention the word Bli to them.
- Courtesy, courtesy of Balinese people is also shown to older people including the
higher castes, with a smoother level of Balinese language. For Balinese people are
not polite to point with the left hand, especially pointing to using the feet, because
the opponent might be offended, especially not yet known. If indeed it has to be
done because your right hand is still busy, say the word sorry first, the Balinese
say "tabik". Get off your vehicle and open the helmet (if it's a motorcycle) if you
want to ask someone you don't know on the street.
- Nyepi adat, in addition to Nyepi as a whole in Bali, some Pakraman villages in
Bali have customary or Nyepi Adat traditions, so for all the village areas it is
quiet, there is no activity, no house or traveling, lights and can't do noise. But the
village road to the public is not closed, road users are still free to pass, so don't be
surprised that a village looks quiet without activity.
- Custom clothing, using different clothes when there are ceremonies or traditional
activities, such as during wedding ceremonies, Ngaben, prayers or meetings at the
Banjar hall. Balinese Hindus are certain to wear these clothes for religious needs,
but non-Hindus can dress freely and politely, except to visit a temple, must wear
traditional clothing as well as foreign tourists, cloth and scarves as light traditional
clothing can usually be rented at tourist attractions.
- Memenjor or installing penjor, the existence of Penjor is very well known in Bali,
aside from being a decoration or decoration, the most important thing is sacred
meaning for religious purposes, creating a mountain that provides welfare and
safety and symbol of Naga Basukih which is also a symbol of prosperity. During
Galungan holidays along the streets of Bali you will find this penjor lined up
beautifully. Including when piodalan (religious ceremonies) at a temple, then all
the way to the temple will be fitted with penjor.
- Ngejot or Mesaiban. Ngejot / mesaiban or in Sanskrit known as Yadnya Sesa is a
daily Balinese ritual activity before eating cooked food. Ngejot is usually done in
the morning when cooking activities have been completed. Boost the meaning
deliver food in very small portions to the Goddesses that are placed in the sanggah
(temple).
- Habits when visiting. When we visit other people's homes, of course we will be
served with various dishes, one of which is a drink. The habit of Balinese
(especially rural people) when they get a drink (coffee, tea, ice) when visiting is
dropping a few drops of drinks to the ground (motherland). The aim is in addition
to being a form of homage to Mother Earth, as well as a way to avoid attacks of
black magic (cetik) that may be sent by people who feel jealous of us or people
who are not happy with the Host.
- Ngumpinin. Ngumpinin comes from the word Kumpi, which means great-
grandchild. Ngumpinin is the habit of Balinese parents who have become great-
grandchildren. What is being done? When a baby is born from a relative, the
grandfather or grandmother who has become a great-grandchild must give some
money to give to the baby. And chalk the betel host on the baby's forehead. The
goal is that when the Grandfather / Grandma dies, he will get a clear path (not
lost) to the Baka realm.
- Stepping on Sesajen. When on vacation in Bali, you will often see offerings
because almost every road, big tree and building must have offerings. These
offerings are commonly called canang names. This canang is a form of offering to
the Supreme Creator of the community in Bali, who majority embraces Hinduism.
If you accidentally step on or step over the scroll, just say 'sorry' in the heart as an
expression of remorse.
- Defecate or urinate carelessly. In Bali there are many areas that are purified and are
considered sacred. For that, avoid defecating or urinating in any place. If you stop
urinating in the middle of a trip, look for a location where there are no large trees
or trees tied with cloth or offerings because the Balinese believe there is another
world and maintain that harmony.

- Entering temples or holy places. Pura is a place of worship for Hindus therefore, as
a place of worship, of course you cannot just enter it. For women who are
menstruating or coming for a month it is strictly forbidden to enter the sacred area
temporarily because the woman is considered to be in a dirty condition. Taking
pictures with excessive flash when Hindus pray at the temple and speak harshly is
strictly prohibited. Before visiting the temple, it would be nice to choose clothes
that are polite and comfortable to wear and do not forget to wear a cloth or scarf
when you want to enter the temple area.
- Touch or hold the head of a Balinese person. Balinese people believe that the head
is the holiest part of the body. Therefore, avoid holding the head, even if you want
to rub the children's head as a sign of affection, the action is also considered rude.
- Swearing and honking when there is a ceremony accompaniment on the road. At
times there will always be celebrations of traditional ceremonies on the streets
such as wedding ceremonies, prayers or ngaben which can cause the streets to
become jammed. But don't be annoyed then swear or honk loudly and repeatedly
because that means you don't respect the area you're visiting.

- Holidays When Nyepi in Bali. If your holiday time coincides with Nyepi
celebrations in Bali, you are obliged to carry out a prohibition in which Balinese
must obey such as not coming out of their house or residence, not lighting a fire
and not turning on the lights even though dark conditions except emergency
conditions such as some are sick, give birth or other emergency conditions.
Pecalang will always supervise their respective environments to ensure that no
one is violating.
 Avoid Using Balinese Language
Every society has its own culture. And that culture cannot be separated from their
own language. So with Bali. There are things you must know about Balinese culture and
language that are considered impolite for local people.
1. Pirata
Pirata is a Balinese ancestor. And if you call that word, you are considered to have
sinned.
2. Cai Cicing
Actually, cicing means dogs, pets that are most favored by most Balinese. However, if
you add Cai, that means you are a dog or rather you behave like a dog.
3. Nani
For those of you who have been to Bali often and gathered with local people, you may
have heard Nani said. This actually means you. Only rule, for Balinese, this is very
rude.
B. Etiquette and Taboo in Sumatera
- Harsh words in Sumatra:
o Pukimak. Another meaning: Motherfucker. Similar to the sensation by saying
"Fuck" in Indonesian.
o Pantek. Pantek in Indonesian is "Butt". Don't know what the female ass or
male ass means.
o Kampang. Kampang is a word of humiliation commonly expressed by the
people of Palembang, while the meaning of kampang is the term "illegitimate
child".
o Bodat. Bodat is the invective word used by the Batak people which means
Monkey
o Bagudung. Bagudung is mice come from the Batak language. In Medan it is
more often used for swearing at people
o Lontong. According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary the meaning of the word
Lontong is food made from rice wrapped in banana leaves and steamed with
boiling water until it is cooked, and if in Medan, Lontong is identical to the
usual food menu eaten in the morning (breakfast). But be careful if you say the
word Lontong in the city of Medan, because besides Food, the word Lontong
in the Medan language can also be interpreted into a form of abuse against
someone.
o Pilat. Pilat = pler = male genitals. Pilat, or complete pilat's dung in palembang
language actually means whitish that is often found in the folds of the head of
the penis, especially the head of the penis that is rarely washed. in its
development, pilat's dung is often used as swearing and abuse.
o Mandi = sweet iced tea, When you want to order sweet iced tea by saying
'Mandi' and Es Nutri Sari by saying 'Nurdin' Medan people, if they order sweet
iced tea at the cafe, it is impossible to say "sweet iced tea", they will say
"bang, I order Mandi one".
o Abang & kakak. If they don't know the person who wants to be called, then
call them 'Abang' and 'Kakak' without seeing age. It has become a habit,
politeness in any tribe must exist. However, specifically Medan people always
call people who are not known as 'Abang' or 'Kakak'. if the hair has turned
white because the age is certainly not like that calling it different. But pay
attention when you are in Medan, you will not hear the names 'aunt', 'uncle',
'father', or 'mother'.
o Onde mande. Onde mande is an ordinary phrase used by Padang people to
show shocked expressions, both positive and negative. If separated, “mande”
means mother, if interpreted, onde mande is parallel to the word "Oh my God,
Mother!".
o Eat betel and areca nuts. Eat betel and areca nuts it called Menginang. It is the
habit Medan people, the function of respect for guests, the means of delivery
of speech, greeting and politeness before starting a conversation
C. Etiquette and Taboo in Sulawesi
- manners are also shown through cross-legged sitting (tudassalekka), ways of
standing that cannot be hunched on the waist or puffing up the chest, how to
invite, how to receive guests (mattopole), and so on.
- Tabe 'while being followed by right hand movements that point to the ground.
This custom is a behavior that shows our respect for older people, Mappatabe
'custom is a manifestation of Taro Ada Taro Gau's attitude, namely harmony
between words and deeds. Alignment between the spoken word Tabe and the body
movement (right hand) is carried out.
- Siri’ the meaning is that the Bugis people uphold self-esteem where if self-esteem
has been tarnished it is the life that will pay for it
- Pemali leaves food or drinks that have been served because they can be affected
by the disaster. This Pemali contains teachings not to leave food or drink
intentionally made without tasting, is a waste because it will be redundant, make
the host offended, and is a form of rejection of sustenance. In addition, enjoying
food or drinks served by the host is a form of respect for a guest towards the host.
Food for the Bugis people is a big fortune.
- Pemali children lie prone because their mother will die quickly.
- Abstinence rests on the chin because it will be bad. Supporting the chin shows the
attitude of someone who doesn't do something. The work is only idle. This act
shows a lazy attitude. There are no results that can be obtained because there is no
work done. Such people usually suffer life. He is considered unlucky because he
is unable to do work that brings results to meet his needs. This inability resulted in
his life suffering.
- Girls cannot sleep until midday because sustenance will pass. Waking up in the
middle of the day symbolizes laziness. When done by a girl, this is considered
very bad. If someone is late waking up, then his job will be abandoned so that the
sustenance that can be obtained passes by. It was also linked to the possibility of
difficulty finding a mate. Because they are considered lazy, single men will not
choose girls like this to become wives. This match is one of the sustenance that
floated because of late waking up.
- Abstinence for a girl to sing in the kitchen when cooking or preparing food. The
result that can result from a violation of this prohibition is the possibility that the
girl will get an old soul mate.
- Pemali sits at the door, it is believed that if we sit at the door then we will fall ill
because the door is a place that is often passed by spirits
- Photo takers with an odd number, it is believed that people in the middle position
will die quickly
- When we finish eating then we want to go out, before we first clean the dinner
plate if we don't clean it it is believed that when we are on the trip we will get a
disaster.
- If there is a butterfly animal entering the house it is believed that there will be
guests who will come
- Meaning of Greetings: Iyye Iyyo, and Iko,. There are several greeting words
regarding manners and linguistic language that must be known when in the Bugis
community, for example the words Iyye, Iyyo, and Iko.
a. Iyye For the word Iyye, it means "yes" or yes, and this word is a very
polite and refined choice of words. This word is often used when
communicating with whom only especially to people we respect.
Sometimes we find affirmations by nodding our heads and shaking the
forehead to the interlocutors, this is considered impolite especially in an
official forum. Saying the word "Iyye" can be by lowering your head
slightly (just a bit like a nod). Saying it once, up to two or three times is
still pretty polite, "Yea, iye ... Iyye". But saying it the word "Iyye" has
been more than three times, it can lead to offense or can be seen as insolent
(mauni sokko na manu narekko maulingngi), in local language bugis is
called matempo and in Makassar is called "patoa-toai", this generally, both
relatives, not relatives, and outsiders, especially for Bugis people. Here is
the importance of understanding "Bugis Conception about Tau '(Human)
and Sipak or (humanizing each other)".
b. Iyyo Said Iyyo's greeting also means "yes" is considered rude and rude.
For example, someone asked, "Want to come to Soppeng?" If answered
"Iyyo" then that means not polite, but if answered "Iyye", that's a very
polite answer.
c. Iko said Iko or you often used to answer or affirm a question clearly. This
word is considered to be impolite specifically regarding manners and
manners among Bugis. But often it is also used in an internal family
environment.
There are words in Bugis language that should not be spoken in social
interaction, especially when communicating with parents or elders such as:
iyyo, iko, buntalli, ciballe, tilaso, tilessi, cundekke, and so on.

D. Etiquette and Taboo in Maluku


- People forbidden to leave home when “hujan panas” in Maluku
- Forbidden to buy “silet” in the night
- ” Makan Patita”, peoples make very many foods and put on base that made of
daun kelapa
- Visit their family’s tomb every 27 ramadhan, so they clean around of the tomb and
reciting Al-qur’an.
- Forbidden to go out when Safar
- Forbidden to whistle in the night
- “Pete cengkeh” usually when people there have harvested cloves, the neighbors
will come home to the clove owner and help voluntarily remove the clove stems.
- “Jemur cengkeh” is the habit of drying cloves in front of the house using a
pedestal such as mats and others.
- The use of coconut leaf roofs for the kitchen in the village but nowadays it rarely
looks like that
- “ Kerja Masohi” is the people there helped work voluntarily building their family
home without being paid but they were only given food
- Women in Maluku usually if they want to get married, they must buy complete
household appliances such as cabinets, dishes, and others.
- They have activity when afternoon whit their family at home that is “ minum teh
sore “ usually people make some snacks for eat like fried banana,fried peanut, a
cup of tea, a cup of coffee, and others

NORTH MALUKU

Pamali in north Maluku known as “Baboso”.

- The broom cant be touched by our body when already touch we must step on the
broom.
- When we talk about ghost, our feet cant step on land we must raise or put on
something.
- Women are prohibited from hitting "tifa". Tifa is an original North Maluku
musical instrument commonly used to accompany dance.
- Forbidden to sit in front of the door because it is considered to be far from a mate
- When night come people of North Maluku forbidden to buy salt
- There are some people who don't eat "ikan sako" because they are considered to
carry illness
- "Lilian" when there is a wedding or a person dies, the residents will help the
family to cook and prepare the event equipment, such as establishing "sabua".
- Pregnant people are prohibited from eating " Ikan lolosi " because they are
considered that children born will have scales.
- The wisdom of the North Maluku people when people die, "Dina" will be done.
"Dina" is tahlilan which is carried out from the first day of death until the next 7
days and on the 7th day must be done larger than the previous day. Usually people
will help make lots of food. and at noon the residents will have a different lunch
from the food that will be served for the evening recitation.
- "Galoli" is a kind of delivery of basic necessities for the family of the deceased,
the "Galoli" usually contains firewood, rice, sugar, coconut, kerosene, and others.
"Galoli" will be given alternately if someone dies in a village.
- Tabea is a polite word that is commonly used throughout in North Maluku and as
a “polite word” the person who pronounces it will get appreciation from the
people around him. Tabea tradition is a customary language of modestly or
behavior which means excuse, that is te more subtle greeting words are generally
spoken when passing in front of people, especially people we respect, friends and
parents. Tabea is followed by the movement of the right hand down towards the
ground, the meaning of behavior of North Maluku people like that is Tabea is a
symbol of the effort to respect whoever iss before us, we must not do what we
want.
- The habits of the elderly there chew betel nuts, betel and lime which are believed
to strengthen teeth and gums. When we visit the north Maluku region, some
elderly people there have the mouth and teeth are red due to chewing betel nuts.
- Every Ramadhan, in take turns they will bring some foods when breakfasting and
Tadarus for respect people in Mosque. Usually for muadzin because he must
reverberate Adzan for right time so he cant breakfasting in his home.
- People there usually wear “Tolu” for protect their head of sun, they wear when
will go to garden, fishing or activity outside. They also use “Saloi” for put their
results from garden or tools for
E. Etiquette and Taboo in Java
1.The attitude of Javanese in speaking
Westerners have a culture in speaking more straight forward than Easterners. They are
more to the point, straightforward and what they are. It is different from Easterners,
who cover the meaning of the sentence with a thick blanket, full of small talk, tolerate
the taste and easily slip into a bulletin.
Javanese speech language is more detailed and rich than Indonesian, because what is
implied is behind what is explicit, implicit is more meaningful than explicit, meaning
between the line.
Javanese feel insolent when they look into the eyes of their interlocutors, while
Americans ask that it be done. Movement-body communication is indeed not
culturally biased. He is influenced by tradition, history, trust and local uploads.
Speaking loudly with the Javanese can be considered angry, whispering with the
Batak people is considered to be a doubt.
Mr. Harto is an example of a genuine Javanese question. Verbal language is minimal,
the gesture is thick and full of contextual expressions. Small cough (deheman) also
has meaning, especially coughing. Even until there was a joke circulating, when Pak
Harto coughed up, the price of basic food items automatically rose. If Pak Harto is flu,
the value of the Rupiah falls and the Dollar rises. This is definitely a essay story, the
truth of which cannot be guaranteed.
Another story says, if Mr. Harto receives a guest and arrives at a time to invite his
guest to drink, "Please drink." That was a sign he wanted to end the conversation. So,
immediately say goodbye to withdraw, because the presence of the guest is no longer
desired. Verbal language that is not necessarily understood by the guest.
2.The way Javanese eat
Puluk or muluk are eating habits using hands.
The custom of the Javanese has been passed down for a long time and until now there
are still many of our people who preserve it. Eating food using your hands feels more
delicious; especially if you are sitting lesehan (sitting on the ground / floor with a base
below).
3.The way Javanese solve the problem
Different from westerners who like to maintain their opinions, Javanese prefer to give
in to avoid conflict.
4.Monggo’s word
In Indonesian, Monggo means “Mari” (give an excuse or please). A sign to greet
someone. If you meet with Magelang or surrounding people who greet you with the
word "Monggo" you must reply to the words with the word "Nggeh" which means
"Yes". Give a greeting "Pak" or "Buk" when someone sweeps with the word
"Monggo".
5.How to ask
Try to using Nuwu Sewu to ask to javanse
Nuwun Sewu means excuse me in Indonesian. If you get lost somewhere in Magelang
or other areas in Central Java, you can use the word "Nuwun Sewu" before asking the
local community.
Javanese people will appreciate people who ask by saying 'Nuwun Sewu’ rather than
'excuse'. Especially those who are elderly (parents).
6.prohibition or Excuse of Javanese people
When you go to a tourist spot and there are people who say 'Ora Ilok' about
something, obey.
Ora Ilok means ‘not good’ in Indonesian. If you have been advised by local people
about something and say "ora ilok", you should avoid it.
In addition to safeguarding the feelings of local people, it is also good to avoid things
that are not desired according to Javanese beliefs.

7.The way Javanese speaking


Most Javanese speak slowly, you have to be patient when talking to them
Javanese are synonymous with soft words and a little slow, this is because the
Javanese always put forward the rules of modesty in everyday life, ranging from
language to behavior.
Talking to Javanese people is different from talking with Batak or Betawi people who
are 'absent'. Try to pay attention to the flow of the conversation so as not to offend
them. If you can guess the flow of the conversation, you will definitely feel
comfortable chatting with the Javanese.
- Do not eat in front of the door because the door is where people pass, passing by.
Besides being impolite because eating out of place will also be troublesome for
yourself and others. There is a risk of food being spilled as well because people are
passing by.
- Don't speak while eating. Besides being considered impolite, when eating while
talking can also make someone choke which is fatal, namely death. besides causing us
to choke, but also food will go into the wrong channel and also swallowed air with
food. As a result of ingestion of air with food, it results in digestion which is not good.
- Don't wake up late when the chicken pecks on the project. Logically, someone who is
late waking up is too late to go to work to find fortune. As a result can lose fortune. So
the windfall was lost because it was too late to work, not the act of a chicken who did
not (pecked) the fortune of a person who woke up late.
- Do not leave the house during Maghrib time, you can later be kidnapped by Wewe
Gombel. Maghrib is the entry of night time, it should be used for prayer and
recitation (for Muslims), learning, or at least rest after a day of activities. So this
prohibition is related to discipline, not related to the world of marriage. As for the
authority of gombel in Javanese society, it is a kind of ghost of a woman with a
broken face and long-haired mess (similar to kuntilanak) with one characteristic,
namely: the breast dangling down to the knees.
- If the sweep is not clean, then her husband will be Brewokan (face full of hair). The
people of the past, especially women, liked the man whose face was clean from the
beard. This myth was made to "scare" women into sweeping seriously, no dirt or dust
left. Bread, at that time, symbolized things that were not clean. So if you are lazy to
clean the house, you will also get a guy who is lazy to clean the body too.
- Girls who sit in front of the door will be hard to get a match. This thinking is actually
developing to educate women to be polite. Because, sitting at the door is not polite,
because it directly obstructs people from entering or exiting the room.
- If you have to finish eating. If not, livestock will die. This is related to the ethics of
life, that we are forbidden to leave-to-be-discarded food. Parents go to great lengths to
find a living for their children, so never throw and waste it. Well, the problem of dead
chickens is only to frighten children because in the past chicken was still a fairly
valuable pet, so it was really guarded not to lose or die in vain. Nowadays it is no
longer appropriate because now people rarely raise chickens. If you don't have
chicken then who will die if we don't eat food?
- Prohibited from Eating Using Lid Plates. Lid plates were created not used for eating.
This understanding intends to restore the role of goods in accordance with its
function. Imagine, if you eat with a lid, it must be messy and obscene. Because, lid
plates are designed not for food containers.
- Don’t sit on a pillow. The pillow is a place for the head, so it's not polite to use it for
ass (occupied). So this is related to the value of politeness. It has nothing to do with
health science especially to the science of counseling.
- Girls who eat chicken wings can be far from dating. Chicken wings contain a lot of
fat. It is feared, teenagers, whose hormones are being unstable will be spotty after
eating too much chicken wings. That is what is meant far from mate. If face skin is
not clean, girls are considered difficult to get a boyfriend. But again this is only a
matter of understanding.
- Whistling at night means that you are calling a ghost. Basically, people afraid of
ghost. Therefore, this myth was made so that people do not whistle at night. Because,
can disturb the surrounding neighbors. Especially in the village Suasanannya very
quiet at night. So whistling will interfere with someone's rest. This also relates to the
principle of modesty.
- Sweeping Directed Out, Meaning to Keep the Sustenance Away. Based on the
calculation of Javanese fortune, a house must have a back door that serves to remove
dirt when sweeping and used to go in and out when there are guests so as not to
disturb the guest.
- It is forbidden to cut nails at night. This is made to avoid getting hurt people's hands
when cutting nails at night. Moreover, in the past there was no electric lighting. When
it is dark, it might be that the nails are cut off, but the hands are scratched.
- Washing the Legs Before Entering the House, So As Not To Be "Attached". In front
of people's houses in the past there was always a barrel containing water which served
to wash your feet, hands and face, before entering the house. He said, if he did not
wash his feet after traveling, he said we were still "plastered" (followed by Satan). For
people today, perhaps the term "plastered" is not a sensible thing, even though there
are metaphysical and spiritual experiments that have proven the truth. Perhaps a more
reasonable reason is that the house is kept clean.
- Prohibited from Taking Food on the Table Before Older People. The logic of this
myth is the matter of politeness. Indonesians, especially Javanese, highly value
politeness. According to them, it is impolite to overtake parents to eat. This myth
educates children to respect older people.
- Prohibited from playing rice. This myth shows that how valuable pagan ingredients
are a staple food in the Javanese culinary culture. This myth only applies to rice.
(Keteng means the fingers are sticky).
- Eating While Snoozing Can Become a Snake. The logical reason is certainly about
digestion. Eating while lying down is not good for digestion and can make people
sick. Therefore, the myth was made to scare past people.
- When Rain is Prohibited from Standing on the Door, Later Lightning is struck.
Generally, when it rains, especially children will want to play rain, or see rain from
the terrace of the house. The purpose of this myth is that the rainwater does not enter
the house, besides that many insects such as mosquitoes and others also seek shelter,
so the door must be closed when it rains.
- Can not take a bath at night bathing at night. It turns out that medically, taking a bath
at night can indeed make blood vessels narrow, which makes blood circulation
obstructed.
- Pregnant women are forbidden to eat bananas in collaboration with them, later they
can be Siamese twins. Handy bananas are two bananas whose skin is fused. Indeed
there is a study that food ingredients that experience mutations can affect body health.
Well, this Javanese myth assumes that bananas that experience mutations (genetic
disorders) will result in the baby being conceived by the woman. But so far this myth
has not been proven.
- Don't wear green or blue clothes at Pantai Selatan. Actually the reason is quite logical.
Green or blue clothes look vague when people wear them on the beach. It was feared
that if a big wave hit and the person was dragged by a wave, the SAR team had a hard
time helping the victim because the color of his clothes was almost the same as the
color of the sea.
- Switch places at meal times. Because later it will result in getting a stepmother. With
the exception of moving to a better position, for example at first eating on the floor,
then moving the proper eating shirt, if that is done later it will quickly get a better job.
- Do not yell dirty words while in the forest, because soon evil evil spirits will be
entered into you (possessed).
- According to primbon (calculation or prediction for the Javanese) cutting the nails
there is a day. Do not cut your nails on Sundays, because they will get a disaster, so
will on Monday, because there will be people who are jealous or jealous, besides that
Saturday is also a bad day to cut nails because it will bring obstacles or obstacles for
you. It is recommended to cut nails on Tuesday because it will be liked by many
people. Wednesday also includes a good day because it will bring salvation and
protection from God. The recommended good day is Thursday you will get
sustenance. The last day recommended to bring goodness is Friday because it will
make you like and be loved by people.
- Take pictures together in odd numbers. Do not take pictures in odd numbers because
one of the photographed will die quickly. Usually the middle one.
- Sneeze while traveling. You cannot travel directly using a vehicle or not after
sneezing. At least you wait a few minutes after sneezing then you can go, because if
you sneeze right away you will be wretched on the road.
- Girls wash on Saturday. If you are a girl, don't wash it on Saturday, because it will
cause you to have a torturing husband
- Sadness during pregnancy. Do not always be sad during pregnancy, because later you
will get a crybaby child.
- The habit of sitting in the middle of the door during heavy rain. Do not sit in the
middle of the door when it rains heavily because one day you can be struck by
lightning (which is actually the lightning, it is said, targeting the devil).
- Habit of eating salty at night. Do not be used to eating salty at night, because it will
always be afflicted by anxiety, if he is an unmarried person it will be difficult to
match, and if he is married he will often fight.
- The habit of tapping the tip of a cigarette that will be ignited hard. Do not do the habit
of tapping the tip of the cigarette that will be ignited hard, because one day you will
always experience disappointment because of a failed career and household.
- The habit of biting the lower lip. You should not always bite the lower lip, because
later you will have a bad luck and sluggish food.
- Biting the upper lip. Don't bite the upper lip because there will always be a lot of debt
in life
- Nail biting habits. Do not bite your nails often, because it will invite bad luck and
traits are often nervous too will suffer from the mind.
- Habits of turning hair. Don't turn your hair around because you will later become a
material for gossip and become a victim of slander.
- The habit of pretending to cry. Do not pretend to cry because it will result in parents
receiving accidents.
- The habit of giving a handkerchief to a lover. Do not have the habit of giving a
handkerchief to a lover because it results in no cause separation.
Even the marriage, Javanese had taboo thing or often called Pamali
- the first is Jilu abstinence (siji telu ) which means one and three. Jilu abstinence
means that both female and male candidates cannot be born in the first and third ranks
of their families. If these restrictions are prohibited, the prospective bride will get the
misfortune of life and the marriage she will live will not last.
- The second limit is related to the location of the house. It is not recommended to hold
a wedding, if the prospective bride has a house (residing) on the west side of the
prospective groom. If these restrictions are violated, it is believed that both will get
trouble in getting sustenance.
- The third abstinence is when applying for and bringing women not to pass Mount
Pegat. The word from 'Pegat' itself means 'Disconnect', perhaps from the meaning of
the word Javanese society makes it a taboo. And if the taboo is violated, it is believed
that the marriage of the two brides will be divorced.
Javanese people also believe in the existence of the Java Bride Myth, namely:
- Move the fiance ring. Javanese people believe that the engagement ring given by the
bridegroom will bring good luck if the bride does not move it from the ring finger to
the other finger before the wedding day. If these restrictions are violated, then the
marriage or household that will be built with her future husband will get bad luck.
But if judging from religious views, soul mates are certainly well regulated by Allah
SWT, if a pair of humans have been destined to match then bad things or things that
others will have a bad effect will not make the couple separate, it is a problem which
must be faced together to make each other better.
Come early at the wedding location. This myth is still believed by some Javanese
people, that if the bridegroom first comes to the KUA office then the marriage is
believed to be lucky. But if on the contrary the bride's family first arrived at the KUA
office, then the marriage will bring bad luck.
- Wedding gifts. In every wedding, many guests present with gifts to give to the bride
and groom as prayers and congratulations. According to Javanese myths, let the first
gift opened is something that is first used when starting a family life. If this is done, it
is believed that the new family will get good luck.
Use a veil on the wedding day. According to the Javanese Myth, this veil will avoid
the influence of evil spirits on the bride. The evil spirit in question is a negative
energy that can interfere with the wedding ceremony. Thus if the bride wears a veil is
believed to be protected during the marriage process.
But according to the view of Islam, wearing a veil is one of the obligations of a
Muslim woman to cover her nakedness from people who are not muhrimnya, and
protect a woman not only from an evil spirit that will plunge her into acts of adultery
but also protect from things other bad.
- Married at the date of birth Deciding on the wedding date for the Javanese is very
important. Because if you are wrong in choosing a wedding date, it is believed that
you will get bad luck. but on the contrary, if it is appropriate to choose the wedding
date, the marriage is believed to be going smoothly and getting good luck. In addition
to certain dates and months, Javanese also believe that if a wedding is held on the date
of the birth of the groom, the marriage will bring good luck to the bride and also avoid
catastrophe.
- Do not eat catfish, because it causes the large-sized child to be born difficult
- Don't eat shrimp and crabs. There is a truth and there is something wrong about
pregnant women being prohibited from consuming catfish, shrimp, and crabs. As long
as consuming seafood is still within reasonable limits, it will not be a problem. But if
you consume too much catfish, shrimp, and crabs which are high cholesterol fish, it
will certainly be a problem for pregnancy.
- Do not eat kiweni and durian, because both fruits can cause a baby to have a
miscarriage.
- Can not kill animals. Not all animals may be killed. As long as the animal does not
interfere we have no right to kill it, because even animals are living things created by
Allah SWT.
- Do not clog holes or burrows. It is believed that later when the woman gives birth she
will have difficulty removing the baby. But if the pregnant woman does not clog or
close the hole in the residence or interfere with animal life, then it will be facilitated
in the process of giving birth.
F. Etiquette and Taboo in Kalimantan
- Don’t Insult the Wood Statue There
There have been many incidents of people who insulted these statues and were then
harassed by spirits. Not only visually disturbed, sometimes there are people who
experience physical strangeness. This disturbance will remain as long as someone
does not quickly apologize to the family of the owner of the statue. Sounds absurd,
but this often happens there.
- Don’t look down on Dayaks
Dayaks, they have strong magic. When disturbed, they would not hesitate to muster
the power to repay his heartache. Things to know, Dayak is one ofthe tribes in the
world with the strongest magic power. Not only by magic,Dayaks can hurt their
enemies with a powerful mandau or the deadly poisonous chopsticks.

- Never play with a Dayak girl


There are myths that circulate, anyone who disturbs them is playing with her more,
then certainly his penis will be lost. It sounds impossible, but there have been many
stories about this. That makes sense too, considering that the Dayaks are very
powerful magic.
- Be Courteous When Visiting the Tomb of the Dayaks
The rule is that we must be polite when in places like this. The reason was that the
Dayaks were very happy with their ancestral graves. Don’t let slip words that are
inappropriate or swear. They can feelinsulted and will make this business long.
- Don’t Play with Mandau
Mandau is a sacred weapon of the Dayaks. Even though it looks like an ordinary
machete, it can’t be used at will. There must be a special reason why Mandau came
out of the scabbard. Because, according to Dayaks, Mandau who comes out of his
sarong will usually take casualties.
- Pasar Terapung has existed more than 400 years ago and is a proof of the activity
of buying and selling people who live on water. Like the markets on the mainland,
in this floating market there are also buying and selling transactions of goods such
as vegetables, fruits, all kinds of fish, and various other household needs. First-
hand purchases are called dukuh, while the second hand bought from dukuh for
resale is called panyambangan. One of the uniqueness of the Pasar Terapung is
the jostling between large boats and small boats that are looking for buyers, as
well as sellers who mumble there and their ships are played by the waves of the
Barito River. Pasar Terapung do not have organizations like markets on land, so
there are no records of the number of traders and visitors or the distribution of
merchants.
- Batimung. For the bride and groom, especially before the comparison day two or
three days before, then in the evening they must carry out a steam bath known as
'Batimung'. It is expected that this batimung will drain the body's sweat, nourish
and scent the bride's body. Thus at the time of the comparison the two brides will
not sweat anymore.
- Forbid sit in front of the door, it is feared it will be difficult in giving birth
- Forbid leave at maghrib, because it will be disturbed by an evil spirit
- You may not eat Pisang Dompet, it is feared the child will be conjoined twins
- Do not split the fire wood that has been burned, because the child born can be
cleft
- Do not going to forest, because a pregnant woman smells fragrant, and can be
disturbed by an evil spirit
- Do not weaving baskets, because the fingers of a child born can be put together.
G. Etiquette and Taboo in Sumatera
- Reduce to using of the left hand, the left hand that used to wash after from
bathroom considered is dirty. Don’t give the food or money with using left hand
and shake hands or touch peple using the left hand because it will be considered is
offensive.
- In Sumba, Nusa Tenggara Timur, you still can found traditional house. The
traditional house shaped stage known as Uma. If you enter his traditional house,
be careful not to fell in the house, if you fall then the owner of the house must cut
off the pork to redeem their embarrassment.
- Don’t visit Komodo island when Menstruation. Appear that given by official of
Jagawana have reason not because Komodo island is sacred like Pura in Bali, but
on logical reason that can influence to your safety. As you know that Komodo is a
carnivore that the sense of smell is sensitive with smell of blood. If you are brave,
you will be their prey
- whistle in the night was forbade. So did, whistle in the areas of a personal like in
the house. Myths among tribe Sasak in terms of whistle that can invite the arrival
of snakes.
- For Sasak people there 3 part of body that should not to held.T hey are very keep
in order not to held their head by any person as defined as the ac of degrading.
Else if hold their ear be interpreted one way to challenge to fight and when you
holding the shoulder is also not preferable because a person who has held his
shoulders a sign that he has been overrun by the holder.
- When visit to Flores, for tourist women advisable to wear shirt that covering the
shoulder and pants or skirt beneath the knee especially visited village and the
culture object.
- One of the term that still used is “Tabeq Walar”. The term of “Tabeq Walar” . In
the language is defined as a form of smooth language means ‘excuse me’. The
public tribe of Sasak most in the province Lombok has always use this language
as a form to respect other people. “Tabeq Walar” by is saying “Tabeq” when
passing in front of other people. The youngest or the older when we pass, because
the word “Tabeq” that contains universal meaning for all the community in
Lombok.
- The children when talk with parent. A child when talking with parents and the
elder at stood up, then the children should be a little looked down. But if the
parents who speaking it was sitting then first the children should be sitting and
speak. He should not be move, play or noticed something else, he must face and
pay attention to his parents who talking
- Peoples of Flores is friendly and like to smile. Then you should be often smiling
to them first or smile when they smile first. Visitors who didn’t respond to smile
or regards would be very feel difficult close to the local people there
- The word you “ente” for men and “kemu” for woman alhthough the conversation
is using the Indonesia who don’t know about vocabulary, but sasak people already
looked at the word you as the words were rude and used to declare anger or
condescending opposed to talk. Therefore, very avoided use and replaced with
word “situ” , you or “side ( language of Sasak).
H. Etiquette and Taboo in Papua
- Tradition Cut the finger in Papua is a feeling of grief over the person who has
been left (died). They did the tradition of cutting fingers when one of their
families died. This tradition must be done, because according to them it is a
symbol of sadness
- Bakar Batu tradition is a tradition carried out by the Papuan people to cook food
such as yams, cassava, pork and vegetables. The stone burning tradition has
several stages, such as preparing a hole to arrange wood and stone and the food to
be cooked. Stone that has been collected is arranged to be burned. stones that have
a large size are placed on the bottom, and on top of it will be arranged firewood,
after that firewood is coated with the smallest stone. Then the combustion begins
to heat up the new one that has been prepared. After the hot stone food ingredients
are arranged on the stone, when the food is cooked they eat the food together.
- The tradition of chewing betel nuts. According to the Papuan people, chewing
betel nut can make the teeth and gums strong. Not only that, they enjoy areca fruit
because of their own sensations.
- Give a smile and greeting. This seemingly simple thing turned out to be a very
important thing for you to do wherever you arrived in the interior of Papua. Being
polite is absolute. Because if you are polite, surely they will be more polite with
you.
- Give something. If you have arrived in the interior of Papua, giving something to
the tribesmen there is important. , Because they feel cared for. Because it really
needs to be recognized that their condition is indeed not too much attention by the
public or the government.
- Take picturees carelessly. This is classified as sensitive, as a migrant, you should
always pay attention to this. Especially when you meet the Dani in Wamena,
Papua. You are advised not to take pictures of people who still use their traditional
clothes. Because they will assume less respect. But some of them will ask for
payment when you are caught photographing himself or posing with him. And the
payment you have to accept is not half-hearted, it can start from Rp. 50,000 to Rp.
300,000.
- Questions that make Papuans offended
1.Are you still primitive in Papua?
2. Are you Papuan, why is it white?
3. Why are Papuans fierce?
4. Does Papua have a signal?

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