Project Synopsis

On

“Automatic Power Source Selector”

Submitted by

Navanath Santosh Mahadik (ED-17-0428)

Prathamesh Nilkanth Manerikar (ED-17-0533)

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Leslie Fernandes

Department of Electrical Engineering

Department of Electrical Engineering

Finolex Academy of Management and Technology,Ratnagiri.

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Finolex Academy of Management and Technology, Ratnagiri.

Project Synopsis

for

Department wise Best Project Award Competition

Academic year 2018-2019

1. Department Electrical Engineering

Name of Program T.E (Electrical)

2.

Project Topic Automatic Power Source Selector

3.

1. Mr. Navanath Santosh Mahadik

Name and Signature of
4. Students 2. Mr. Prathamesh Nilkantha Manerikar

Name and Signature of Guide

Prof. Leslie Fernandes
5.

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 CONTENTS
Participant’s Declaration

Abstract

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Aim and Objectives

1.3 Problem Definition

1. 4 Scope of Project

Chapter 2 : LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 System Development

2.2 Working
Chapter 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Chapter 5: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE

REFERENCES

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 DECLARATION

We declare that, this written submission represents our ideas in our own words and where
others ideas or words have been included, we have adequately cited and referenced the original
sources. We also declare that we have adhered to all principles of academic honesty and integrity
and have not misrepresented or fabricated or falsified any idea/data/fact/source in our
submission. We understand that any violation of the above will be cause for disciplinary action
by the Institute and can also evoke penal action from the sources which have thus not been
properly cited or from whom proper permission has not been taken when needed.

Navanath Santosh Mahadik

Prathamesh Nilkanth Manerikar

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 ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this project is to provide continuous power supply to a load, by
selecting the supply from any of the four sources namely solar, wind, main and generator
automatically in case if one the source is absent. The need of electricity is increasing day by day
and the frequent power cuts of electricity are causing many problems in different areas like
banks, colleges/schools, hospitals, houses and industries. Thus there is requirement for an
alternate arrangement of power supply. This arrangement can be designed by using
8051microcontroller and relays. When a source, say mains fails the supply automatically shifts to
next priority source generator and so on. LCD display used to show that which source is used to
provide the supply.

Keywords – Microcontroller; Relay driver; LCD; Relay

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 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction:
For a very long time, power outages, power interrupts and also unexpected routine power
line maintenance is one of the major problems faced in industries, hospitals, offices, and
homes whole over the world. For that case, this project provides an automatic operation of
electrical power distribution systems; the rapid and reliable transfer of the system from one
power source to another during specific events such as power outages, power interrupts,
routine power line maintenance, to achieve the reliability of such systems. Electrical power
supply is one of the primary essential needs of human life today, that is to say, without
electrical power supply, most human works become stand still, postponed and even cancelled
since most human actions are dependent on the electrical power supply. Furthermore, the
need for power supply through access to electricity by the masses of the population of any
country, both developed and developing countries is very important to the development of
the economy of that particular country. In other words, the power sector plays an essential
role in the socio-economic development of any country. Therefore, this project provides a
practical solution to provide an alternative power supply or uninterrupted power supply in
automated mode to the load during frequent power cuts or in cases where power cuts or
power outages cannot be avoided.

1.2 Aim and Objectives:

The aim of this project is to provide an electricity without interruption to fulfill the domestic
as well as commercial and industrial needs. The standard business model of electricity retailing
involves the electricity company only but here we have solar, wind, generator for customer
fulfillment. In some metropolitan cities, if we have to build a row houses and flats then we are
not able to take an electricity supply from state board of electricity up to when we do not install a
renewable energy sources. This requires the customer to make advance arrangement of
renewable energy sources before applying the main electricity supply from state board of
electricity. If the available credit is exhausted then the supply of electricity is automatically cut
off by a relay and shifted towards available energy source. A scheme of electricity continuation
system called "AUTO POWER SOURCE SELECTOR" can facilitate an improved power flow
management in energy utilities and can reduces problem associated with consumer living in

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isolated area and reduces deployment of manpower for shifting the power supply. Every
consumer can use any source as per their ability or availability.

1.3 Problem Definition: The conventional electrical system in Maharashtra by M.S.E.B. is

based on only one source placed at consumers end .This system demands to appoint a person to
note the continuity. This is exhaustive procedure, which involves a lot of human time effort but
still does not produce accurate results .there is lot of complaints regarding to continuation in
supply. Our aim is to solve this problem and provide uninterrupted power supply. The electrical
parameters supplied by the various state electricity boards for domestic use as well as to the
industrial sector is of great importance from the point view of proper monitoring of the power
generated on one end and power consumed on other end. Also another important factor is
revenue generated through sale of electric power, which has to be in tune with investments made
for proper generation and distribution. These factors have been of great concern, not only in
meeting with the everyday power demands, but also of optimum utilization of electric power.

1.4 Scope of Project: Auto systems have been proposed as an innovative solution to the problem
of affordability in utilities services. In spite of being a popular system in European and African
countries, the use of such mechanisms remains controversial. Among the main arguments in
favor of its dissemination are the advantages concerning lower costs of arrears, running costs and
finance charges for the service provider and the better allocation of resources it implies for users.
The arguments against auto are based on the higher cost of the technology and the possibility of
self-disconnection of low-income users. The monopolistic power distribution market in Asia is
gradually transforming into a competitive marketplace. Differentiation in service is going to be
the key competitive factor to improve market share in the deregulated power markets. Auto with
his advantages over conventional ones are likely to help power distributors to differentiate and
offer value-added services to consumers. Encouraging consumers to opt for auto on a voluntary
basis and offering tariff or non-tariff incentives to those consumers who prepay their power
charges, would help the utilities to implement this system.

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 2. LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 System Development:

System development consist of pcb designing and etching, microcontroller, power supply unit,
relay, relay driver, lcd, c programming and integration of various components. All components
should be soldered properly. Wiring diagram is shown below in fig1.

Fig.1

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 2.2 Working :

This project uses an arrangement of four different sources of supply which are
channelized to a load so as to have an uninterrupted operation of the load. As it is not practicable
to get four sources of supply such as solar supply, inverter supply, main supply and generator
supply, we used one source and a set of relays. We have taken first source with solar supply and
assumed as if being fed from four different sources by connecting all the four incoming sources
in parallel. The ac source to the lamp is connected to four relays by making the entire normally
open contacts parallel and all the common contacts in parallel. Four push button switches are
used which represent failure of corresponding supply respectively and are interfaced to the
controller. Initially we have given high input signal to the microcontroller, so as a result the
controller generates a low output to activate the first relay driver which will result in the relay
being energized and the lamp glows. While the push button for solar is pressed that represents
failure of solar supply as a result the supply is provided from the next source and the
microcontroller receive high input and generates low output to activate the second relay driver
which will result in the second relay being energized and the lamp glows . When we press the

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inverter button, it indicates the inverter or fails to operate and the supply comes from the next
source and the next source will supply high input to the controller.

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONSTRUCTION
The construction of the project is done based on the components layout,
components assembly on PCB and soldering process followed on making up the circuit to
make sure that all components are permanently mounted
4.1TESTING

Continuity test was carried out to check if there was current flow in the project
circuitry and was aimed at finding electrical open paths in the circuitry after completing
soldering and configuration. A multimeter was used to perform a continuity test on the
electric circuit by measuring electric current flow.
Procedures

a. A multimeter is kept in buzzer mode.

b. Then it is connected to the ground terminal of the multimeter then to the ground

c. Finally, both terminals are connected to the path that needs to be checked, and there

is continuity in the way, the multimeter would produce a beep sound

4.2 Results and Discussion

It provides a continuous power supply to the output load through any of the sources from
which we are operating the device, i.e., inverter, solar and generator automatically in the absence
of any of the source

Output of the bridge Input into the voltage Output of voltage Input into the
rectifier regulator regulator microcontroller (Vcc)
11.9VDC 10.4VDC 5.0VDC 5.0VDC
Table 1.0 showing results of power supply circuit of the microcontroller

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 Power source Input of the Switch status LCD Display Load Status
power source
(VAC)
Solar 230V ON Source solar ON
Solar 230V OFF No Source OFF
Mains 230V ON Source mains ON
Mains 230V OFF No Source OFF
Wind 230V ON Source wind ON
Wind 230V OFF No Source OFF
Generator 230V ON Source generator ON
Generator 230V OFF No source OFF
Table 2.0 showing results of the microcontroller output

RESULT:

This project prototype was implemented, tested and integrated before testing the entire
system. The input from the four sources is given to the microcontroller. Then the output of the
microcontroller is given to the relay which maintains continuous power supply to the load.
Finally, the current status of the available source is displayed on the LCD.

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 5. CONCULSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE
This project of AUTOMATIC POWER SOURCE SELECTOR using a
microcontroller is used to handle power supply from mains, solar, wind and generators
most effectively. The outline of the project is the selection of supply from mains, solar,
wind and thermal automatically using microcontroller concept. The significance of this
project lies in the various and wide places of applications such as; schools, hospitals, and
most especially manufacturing industries and mining industries where a continuous
supply of power is vital.The project can be further enhanced by using other sources also
and then taking into consideration for using the best possible power whose tariff remains
lowest at that moment.

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 REFERENCES

[1]https://www.edgefxkits.com/auto-power-supply-control-from-4-different-sources-solar-mains-
generator-inverter-to-ensure-no-break-power/ accessed on 18/12/2018
.
[2] http://microcontrollerslab.com/auto-power-supply-control-system/ accessed on 18/12/2018

[3]http://www.academia.edu/5019675/AUTO_POWER_SUPPLY_CONTROL_FROM_4_DIFFERENT_
SOURCES_SOLAR_MAINS_GENERATOR_and_INVERTER_TO_ENSURE_NO_BREAK_POWER
accessed on 24/12/2018

[4] https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/Power-Supply-Control-from-Different-Sources.pdf
accessed on 30/12/2018

[5]You tube channel https://www.kitsguru.com/auto-power-supply-control-4-different-sources accessed

on 18/12/2018

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 PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF PROJECT TO SOCIETY,
INDUSTRY etc.
This project lies in the various and wide places of applications such as; schools,
hospitals, and most especially manufacturing industries and mining industries where a
continuous supply of power is vital.

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