HOME VISITATION PRACTICES OF PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS

TOWARDS PROGRAM ENHACEMENT

JOSHUA MARTINEZ GARCIA

JEROME SEBASTIAN OCAMPO

A Research Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the

College of Education, Arts and Sciences
President Ramon Magsaysay State University,
San Marcelino, Zambales

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Secondary Education
(Biological Science)

March 2019
 DEDICATION

Put here your dedication

in this format

then put your first names below

J.M.G.

J.S.O.

ii
 Republic of the Philippines
PRESIDENT RAMON MAGSAYSAY STATE UNIVERSITY
San Marcelino Campus
San Marcelino, Zambales

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS & SCIENCES

APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree in Bachelor of

Elementary Education (BEEd), this research entitled HOME VISITATION
PRACTICES OF PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS TOWARDS PROGRAM
ENHACEMENT has been prepared and submitted by JOSHUA MARTINEZ
GARCIA and JEROME SEBASTIAN OCAMPO who are hereby recommended for
the oral examination.

XXX
Adviser

APPROVED by the Oral Examination Committee.

FERDINAND V. TAMORIA, Ph.D.

Chairperson

KENN LESLEY M. GAGASA, LPT DANILO V. ROGAYAN JR.

Member Member

ACCEPTED and APPROVED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

the Degree Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED).

APPROVED:

___________________ FERDINAND V. TAMORIA, Ph.D.

Date Program Chair, BEED

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In this part, you will include your acknowledgments. Same font type and font

size.

Acknowledgements enable you to thank all those who have helped in

carrying out the research. Careful thought needs to be given concerning those

whose help should be acknowledged and in what order. The general advice is to

express your appreciation in a concise manner and to avoid strong emotive

language.

Note that personal pronouns such as 'I, my, me …' are generally avoided

instead use, ‘the researcher/s’ or in the third person point of view.

The following list includes those people who are often acknowledged.

Note however that every research is different and you need to tailor your

acknowledgements to suit your particular situation.

Panel of experts, research Adviser, instructors/ professors, other academic

staff in your department, technical or support staff in your department, academic

staff from other departments, other institutions, organizations or companies,

classmates, family * and friends. *

* If you wish to acknowledge the help of family members or friends make

sure you restrict the wording of your thanks to a relatively formal register.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Content Page
Title Page
Dedication
Approval Sheet
Acknowledgment
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Appendices

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Background of the Study
Significance of the Study
Literature Review
Conceptual Framework
Research Problems
Hypothesis
Definition of Terms

Chapter 2 METHODS
Research Design
Sampling and Respondents
Research Setting
Instruments
Data Gathering Procedure
Data Analysis
Ethical Considerations

Chapter 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Chapter 4 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Results
Conclusions
Recommendations

REFERENCES
APPENDICES
CURRICULUM VITAE

v
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1 Distribution of Respondents
2 Rating Scale Analysis

vi
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1 Distribution of Respondents
2 Rating Scale Analysis

vii
 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Title Page

1 Distribution of Respondents
2 Rating Scale Analysis

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 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Background of the Study

One of the preliminary steps to completing a thesis is the background study

for it. The background study for a thesis includes a review of the area being

researched, current information surrounding the issue, previous studies on the

issue, and relevant history on the issue. Ideally, the study should effectively set

forth the history and background information on your thesis problem. The purpose

of a background study is to help you to prove the relevance of your thesis question

and to further develop your thesis.

Usually, I want here to see the global perspective followed by ASEAN

perspective then Philippine perspective then the local perspective (example, the

setting in the research locale, school or Zambales). In the global perspective,

include at least 3 continents, example, America, Europe and Australia. In ASEAN,

include Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, etc. Then Philippines, include statistics or

legal mandates. Then Zambales, any statistics or data supporting your problem.

Conduct preliminary research in the beginning stages of formulating a

thesis, when many issues are unclear and thoughts need to be solidified.

Conducting preliminary research on your area of study and specific topic will help

you to formulate a research question or thesis statement that will lead to more

specific and relevant research. Visit your library, the internet and electronic

databases to find preliminary sources, such as books and scholarly journals, for

your background study. Check Google Scholar.

 Read the information and develop a research question or thesis statement

that will guide your thesis. You will need to take notes and keep accurate track of

the sources that you used up to this point. Many people use note cards, but with

current technology there many electronic note taking programs available. Use a

method of recording source information that you are comfortable with. Be sure to

cite the source of the information on each note so you don't forget where each

piece of information came from, should you decide to use it in your thesis.

Write a thesis statement or research question. Think about what you've read

and look for issues, problems or solutions that others have found and determine

your own opinion or stance on the issue. Write out your opinion as an authoritative

statement on the issue, problem or solution. At this point, you can do more detailed

research and find sources that are more relevant to your thesis or research

question.

Complete your research using your thesis statement and research question

as your guide. You will find relevant sources that will provide insight into your

specific thesis issue or problem. Make sure that your sources provide details on

the history and past research related to your research question.

Create relevant sections as you write the background study. As you

evaluate your research and begin to write the background study, create five

separate sections that cover the key issues, major findings, and controversies

surrounding your thesis, as well as sections that provide an evaluation and

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conclusion.

Conclude by identifying any further study that needs to be done in that area,

or provide possible solutions to the issue that haven't been considered before.

After presenting the situations, indlude the RESEARCH GAP or the

PROBLEM.

End by stating the general purpose of the study.

Literature Review

First Variable

After the heading Literature Review, write your first variable in italic format.

The number of your variables depends on your research topic or research

problems.

The literature review is a written overview of major writings and other

sources on a selected topic. Sources covered in the review may include scholarly

journal articles, books, government reports, Web sites, etc. The literature review

provides a description, summary and evaluation of each source. It is usually

presented as a distinct section of a graduate thesis or dissertation.

The purpose of the literature review is to provide a critical written account

of the current state of research on a selected topic: (a) Identifies areas of prior

scholarship; (b) Places each source in the context of its contribution to the

understanding of the specific issue, area of research, or theory under review; (c)

Describes the relationship of each source to the others that you have selected; (d)

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Identifies new ways to interpret, and shed light on any gaps in, previous research;

(e) Points the way forward for further research.

The content of the literature review includes introduction, body and

conclusion.

The introduction explains the focus and establishes the importance of the

subject. It discusses what kind of work has been done on the topic and identifies

any controversies within the field or any recent research which has raised

questions about earlier assumptions. It may provide background or history. It

concludes with a purpose or thesis statement. In a stand-alone literature review,

this statement will sum up and evaluate the state of the art in this field of research;

in a review that is an introduction or preparatory to a thesis or research report, it

will suggest how the review findings will lead to the research the writer proposes

to undertake.

Often divided by headings/subheadings, the body summarizes and

evaluates the current state of knowledge in the field. It notes major themes or

topics, the most important trends, and any findings about which researchers agree

or disagree. If the review is preliminary to your own thesis or research project, its

purpose is to make an argument that will justify your proposed research. Therefore,

it will discuss only that research which leads directly to your own project.

The conclusion summarizes all the evidence presented and shows its

significance. If the review is an introduction to your own research, it highlights gaps

and indicates how previous research leads to your own research project and

chosen methodology. If the review is a stand-alone assignment for a course, it

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should suggest any practical applications of the research as well as the

implications and possibilities for future research.

Second Variable

Write your second variable in italic format. The number of your variables

depends on your research topic or research problems.

You can use different formats here which I included below. Use years 2014

to 2019 if possible. Then if classical literature will be included it’s alright if it’s in

1930s or 1970s.

The Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is a consistent cycle of

teacher learning beginning with initial training and lasting for as long as a teacher

remains in the profession. Teaching as a public profession encourages teachers

and increases their societal expectations to find ways to improve students’

achievement (Mushayikwa & Lubben, 2009). Take note of the Author-Year format.

In the same vein, Padwad and Dixit (2011) define CPD as a planned,

continuous and life long process whereby teachers develop their personal and

professional qualities for improving knowledge, skills and practices. Without

parenthesis, use ‘and’ not ‘&.’

You may also use these styles:

The study of Guerrant (2016)…

A study was conducted by Bacheler (2015)

As this study is focused on the …, a study conducted by Parker (2015) is

related. The purpose of the study…

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 Another similar study was conducted by Mahlase (2014) Another similar

study was conducted by Mahlase (2014)…

In her study, Brown (2013) explored…

At the end of each variable, you may use:

In summary, the study of Guerrant (2016)…

The studies of Bacheler (2015), Parker (2015) and Mahlase (2014) focused

on evaluating the impact of CPD on teachers’ competencies and classroom

practices. Bacheler (2015) examined the impact of professional development

experiences on the career competencies of Continuing Higher Education Unit

Leaders. The study of Parker (2015) implemented and evaluated the efficacy of

professional development workshops to change teachers’ attitudes of a continuous

professional development delivery versus the one time professional development

session.

Conceptual Framework

In the course of preparing your research paper as one of the requirements

for your course as an undergraduate or graduate student, you will need to write

the conceptual framework of your study. The conceptual framework steers the

whole research activity. The conceptual framework serves as a “map” or “rudder”

that will guide you towards realizing the objectives or intent of your study.

What then is a conceptual framework in the context of empirical research?

A conceptual framework represents the researcher’s synthesis of literature

on how to explain a phenomenon. It maps out the actions required in the course

14
of the study given his previous knowledge of other researchers’ point of view and

his observations on the subject of research.

In other words, the conceptual framework is the researcher’s understanding

of how the particular variables in his study connect with each other. Thus, it

identifies the variables required in the research investigation. It is the researcher’s

“map” in pursuing the investigation.

As McGaghie et al. (2001) put it: The conceptual framework “sets the stage”

for the presentation of the particular research question that drives the investigation

being reported based on the problem statement. The problem statement of a thesis

presents the context and the issues that caused the researcher to conduct the

study.

The conceptual framework lies within a much broader framework called

theoretical framework. The latter draws support from time-tested theories that

embody the findings of many researchers on why and how a particular

phenomenon occurs.

Build your conceptual framework using your mix of the variables from the

scientific articles you have read. Your problem statement serves as a reference in

constructing the conceptual framework. In effect, your study will attempt to answer

a question that other researchers have not explained yet. Your research should

address a knowledge gap.

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 This is an example paradigm.

Output
• Pedagogy • Curriculum
• Assessment

Input Outcome

Figure 1.The Research Paradigm.

Figure 1 shows the … Explain here your framework.

Research Problems

This study aims to … State here the general objective of your study.

Specifically, the study will seek to to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the students in terms of:

1.1. age;

1.2. sex;

1.3. grade level; and

1.4. GPA in Science?

2. What are the …. in terms of:

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 2.1. …..;

2.2. ……; and

2.3. …..?

3. Is there a significant difference in the ….. when grouped according to profile

variables?

4. Is there a significant relationship among the variables?

Hypotheses

The study will test the following hypotheses:

1. There is no significant difference in the ….. when grouped according to

profile variables.

2. There is no significant relationship among the variables.

Definition of Terms

The following… State an introduction here. Follow the format of each term

below. The term is in boldface the period. Then start of a sentence in uppercase

letter for the definition. The terms should be arranged in alphabetical order.

Alternative Assessment. It refers to the non-written type of assessment,

mostly performance tasks.

Paper-and-Pencil Assessment. It refers to the written type of assessment,

called as the traditional assessment.

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 Chapter 2

METHODS

This part of the study includes the methods to be applied which includes the

research design, the sampling and respondents, the site description, the

instruments, data gathering procedure, data analysis and ethical considerations.

Research Design

The study will be using ….. research design. Then explain why is this

appropriate and its relationship with your study.

Then put some definitions of your chosen research design here based from

different authors, at least 2 or 3.

The function of a research design is to ensure that the evidence obtained

enables you to effectively address the research problem as unambiguously as

possible. In social sciences research, obtaining evidence relevant to the research

problem generally entails specifying the type of evidence needed to test a theory,

to evaluate a program, or to accurately describe a phenomenon. However,

researchers can often begin their investigations far too early, before they have

thought critically about about what information is required to answer the study's

research questions. Without attending to these design issues beforehand, the

conclusions drawn risk being weak and unconvincing and, consequently, will fail

to adequate address the overall research problem.

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Sampling and Respondents

The respondents of this study will be the …. State your respondents or

those who will participate in your study. You may add a table of distribution below

if you wish.

The respondents will be chosen through …. sampling technique. State here

what type of sampling technique will you use. After that define that sampling

technique using several authors, 2 or 3. Then explain why you will use that

sampling technique.

Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents

Grade Level No. of Percent
Respondents
Grade 7 26 25.00
Grade 8 26 25.00
Grade 9 26 25.00
Grade 10 26 25.00
Total 104 100.0

Some examples of sampling techniques can be found below:

Sampling is a survey based research where research persons needs to

analyze the sample about a population in order to answer the research questions

or fulfill the research objectives (Saunders, 2000).

Sampling technique can be classified into two types (Saunders, 2000):

Probability Sampling

Non-Probability Sampling

3.4.1 Probability sampling

While using probability sampling, sample selection is done in such a way

that every unit of the population has a known probability of getting selected. It is
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this perception of “known chance” that permits for the statistical projection of

features based on the sample of the population (Saunders, 2000). The benefit of

probability sampling is that sampling error can be intended. Sampling error is the

amount to which a sample might be different from the population Probability

method includes.

Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Stratified sampling

3.4.2 Non-Probability Sampling

While using non probability sampling, the selection of the sample is done in

such a way that the possibility of being selected for each unit in the population is

unknown. In fact, the process of choosing the subjects is random or subjective,

since the research person relies on his/her experience, gut feeling and judgment.

Consequently, there are no statistical procedures that permit for the measurement

of sampling error, and the amount to which the sample differs from the population

remains unknown and therefore it is not suitable to project the sample

distinctiveness to the population (Saunders, 2000). Non-probability includes:

Convenience sampling

Judgment sampling

Quota sampling

Snowball sampling

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3.4.2.1 Convenience sampling

Convenience sampling is used in investigative research where the research

person is concerned in getting a low-priced approximation of the reality. As the

name shows, the sample is chosen because they are convenient. This non-

probability technique is time and again used during preliminary research times to

get a gross approximation of the results, without increasing the cost or time

required to choose a random sample (Saunders, 2000).

3.4.2.2 Judgment sampling

Judgment sampling is a common non-probability technique. The research

people choose the sample depending on judgmental approach. This is generally

an addition of convenience sampling. For example, a research person may make

a decision to draw the complete sample from one “representative” city, albeit the

population comprises all cities. When using this method, the research person must

be in no doubt that the selected sample is accurately representative of the whole

population (Saunders, 2000).

3.4.2.3 Quota sampling

Quota sampling is the non-probability the same of stratified sampling. Like

stratified sampling, the research people first recognizes the stratums and their

magnitude as they are symbolized in the population. Then convenience or

judgment sampling is used to choose the necessary quantity of subjects from every

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stratum. This diverges from stratified sampling, where all of the stratums are filled

by random sampling (Saunders, 2000).

Research Setting

Identify where you will conduct your study. Describe the locale. Then insert

the map after. Make sure that the map clearly shows the locale of your study.

Figure 2. Map of the Research Locale.

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Instruments

Identify here the instruments that you will use. It is a tool used to collect,

measure, and analyze data related to your subject. These tools are most

commonly used in health sciences, social sciences, and education to assess

patients, clients, and students. They can be tests, surveys, questionnaires, or even

checklists.

Describe its parts.

The first part ….

The second part ….

The third part ….

State where did you base your survey tool. Did you create it? Or adapted?

Or modified?

Describe how you will validate the survey questionnaire.

Data Gathering Procedure

What are the steps that you will do in gathering your data? State here step

by step from development of your questionnaire to the actual data gathering. There

are different data gathering procedures that you can use for your research. It will

depend on your convenience and the ease in gathering the required details that

you can use for the research results.

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 Data Mining-this procedure is simple. You can easily find many resource

materials where data and numerical figures are already tallied and presented.

Usually, you can find data among research institutions and academic centers. Data

mining is simply using an already published set of data.

Interviewing-is another example of a data gathering procedure. One benefit

that you can get from this process is that you can actually gather raw and reliable

data direct from your subjects. Although it is time consuming, you can still have

very credible result from this data gathering procedure.

Surveying-actually involves gathering responses from subjects through a

written medium. You will be distributing paper questionnaires for your subjects to

answer. You will then tally the results and use the data for your research. You may

find an essay online about how to write questionnaires.

Data Analysis

State here the statistical tools that you will use in the analysis and

interpretation of your data. Identify the statistical tool and state its use.

Also include the ratimg scale interpretation. An example is given below.

Rating Scale Analysis

Rating Range Symbol Verbal Description

4 3.50-4.00 HP Highly Preferred
3 2.49-3.49 MP Moderately Preferred
2 1.50-2.49 SP Slightly Preferred
1 1.00-1.49 NP Not Preferred

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Ethical Considerations

What ethics in conducting this research ill you do? State some here.

Ethical considerations in research are critical. Ethics are the norms or

standards for conduct that distinguish between right and wrong. They help to

determine the difference between acceptable and unacceptable behaviors. Why

are ethical considerations so important in research? First, ethical standards

prevent against the fabrication or falsifying of data and therefore, promote the

pursuit of knowledge and truth which is the primary goal of research. Ethical

behavior is also critical for collaborative work because it encourages an

environment of trust, accountability, and mutual respect among researchers. This

is especially important when considering issues related to data sharing, co-

authorship, copyright guidelines, confidentiality, and many other issues.

Researchers must also adhere to ethical standards in order for the public to

support and believe in the research. The public wants to be assured that

researchers followed the appropriate guidelines for issues such as human rights,

animal welfare, compliance with the law, conflicts of interest, safety, health

standards and so on. The handling of these ethical issues greatly impact the

integrity of the research project and can affect whether or not the project receives

funding.

Because ethical considerations are so important in research, many

professional associations and agencies have adopted codes and policies that

outline ethical behavior and guide researchers. These codes address issues such

as honesty, objectivity, respect for intellectual property, social responsibility,

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confidentiality, non-discrimination and many others. These codes and policies

provide basic guidelines, but researchers will still be faced with additional issues

that are not specifically addressed and this will require decision-making on the part

of the researcher in order to avoid misconduct. The resources on this page

address many of those issues and the case studies used in these resources

provide excellent examples of these types of issues.

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 Chapter 3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This part of the study reports the results.

Per Research Problem

Report your results here

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 Chapter 4

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, & RECOMMENDATIONS

This part of the study contains the summary, conclusion and

recommendations.

Summary of Results

Intro paragaraph here

1. Result 1

2. Result 2

3. Result 3

Conclusions

Intro paragaraph here

1. Conclusion 1

2. Conclusion 2

3. Conclusion 3

Recommendations

Intro paragaraph here

1. Recommendation 1

2. Recommendatio 2

3. Recommendatio 3

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 REFERENCES

Aquino, A.B., Punongbayan, E.J, Macalaguim, L.P., Bauyon, S.M., Rodriguez,

R.A.J., Quizon G.R. (2015). Teacher Education Graduate Tracer Study
from 2010 to 2014 in One State University in Batangas, Philippines. Asia
Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 3(5), 45-50. (this is for
journal article format)

Dabalen, A., Oni, B. & Adekola, O. A. (2001). Labor market prospects for
university graduates in Nigeria. Higher Education Policy, 14(2), 141-159.
(this is for journal article format)

Mercado, F. M. (2010). A tracer study of MSUEF graduates. Unpublished

Masteral Thesis. College of Arts and Sciences, Institute of Graduate
Studies and Research Envarga University. (this is for thesis format)

Mwiliman, F.J. (2010). Employment Patterns of UNAM graduates: An

Assessment of the Employability of the Media Studies Graduates of the
University of Namibia. Global Media Journal African Edition 4(2).
Retrieved from http://globalmedia. journals.ac.za/pub/article/viewFile/5/6
(journal with online URL)

Schomburg, H. (2003). Handbook for Graduate Tracer Studies. Canada: Preview

Press. (this is for book format)

Take note that the surname and initials of authors and the year is the format. All
the authors that you have cited in your paper should be found here.

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APPENDICES

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 Appendix A

Letter of Request to Conduct the Study

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 Appendix B

Survey Questionnaire

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