THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

In late decades, there is a quick advancement in Smart Agricultural Systems. It shows that
agriculture has great importance worldwide. Indeed, in some other places for example, is about
70 % of the people relies upon the vital sector of agriculture. In the past, watering systems used
to be dependent on the mills to irrigate the farm by conventional methods without knowing the
appropriate quantities of these crops. These old systems are a major cause of the waste of large
quantities of water and thus destroy some crops because of the lack of adequate quantities of
water. However, with the recent technological developments, there have been innovative systems
for watering plants without the farmer interfered in the watering process. Because of the global
warming and climate change we are facing, for example from lack of rain throughout the year and
lack of groundwater, our systems will reduce this issue of lack of water. Indeed, smart systems
have proven their capability to automatically watered the crops. It also works to stop the waste of
water in irrigation. Furthermore, it will work to minimize of employees which lead to saving money.

Agriculture is developing from mechanized by simple methods in the twentieth century to

being automated in the 21st century. There is evolving in field operation in agriculture section,
which request a high accuracy in processes to optimize output and quality of the crops, in addition,
limiting the production cost. To reach these prerequisites, automation watering systems must be
introduced.

It is important that producer considers on the early framework periods of mechanics and
actualizes, so can achieve an elevated level of automation. In this project, we try to solve the
problems of watering such as errors caused by farmers and the consumption of large quantities
of water. These errors affect trees as their fungi may also affect the overall stock of water. It is
necessary to make effective effort and contribution to achieving the desired objectives of this
system. Therefore, the effort should not be limited to individual effort. In additional farmers must
be very important to achieve the high efficiency of modern watering systems. With the increase
of world population, the need for farming yields is increasing instantaneously.

Expected objectives of this project are facilitated and simplify the irrigation system by
installing and designing the whole automated watering system, increase crop performance by
reducing overwatering from saturated soil. It can prevent watered happening on the day at the
wrong time, to switch engine ON or OFF by utilizing the watering system, the controller will work
to switch the engine, so no need for employers, to reduce mistakes of operation due to employees
as much as possible and to preserve water from waste.
BACKROUND OF THE STUDY
In our day to day life, water is very essential. It is considered to be basic need of human
beings, animals, plants etc. But now days, water shortage is becoming one of the biggest problems in
the world and there should be a solution in this kind of problem, it is no other than water
conservation. We have different methods developed for the conservation of water. Plants are also
essential to human life. The food we eat, medicine, fiber which can be manufactured to fabric and
clothing can also be provided by plants. It also acts as settling chambers for particulate pollutions.
Like us, plants also need water in order to make their food. Water is considered one of the basic
needs for plant growth. But we must consider such potential situations in watering our plants such as
watering too much, too little and of course, just enough for us to sustain and maintain the plant
growth. Because keeping your plant properly watered is important to its health. In accordance to the
stated facts about water, the researchers thought of an idea of an automatic water irrigation system,
conservation project which can also be useful and be able to contribute to the environment. This
project design study to focus on soil condition of a certain grass/plantation area and determine
when the plants need to acquire adequate water. Soil moisture is an important parameter in
monitoring of plant growth. Since soil moisture determines the amount of liquid or water content of
the soil, the researchers will develop a device that will determine the moisture level of the soil that
will trigger a water irrigation system to release and gives sufficient water for the plants to reach their
full growth.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter will provide some ideas about the solar powered watering system mostly its
functions, advantages and disadvantages. Here we will also tackle the projected steps and the devices
into constructing the technology that is great help to agriculture. The backbone of this project will be
the Arduino UN , soil sensor and the water pump. The soil sensor will notify the Arduino if the set
levels are below the programmed requirement it will command the pump through the relay and release
the water, irrigating the garden.
 Development of the Identifying the

INPUT

OUTPUT
PROCESS
system requirements

Creating Prototype the

blueprints,sketches Development
and discussing concept
Developed
Revision and
Review of related Enhancement "AUTOMATED
literature and studies WATERING SYSTEM
FOR PLANT USING
Implementation ARDUINO"
Aquiring of hardware
requirements
Data gathering

Construction of device
survey, Q/A Interview
Guide
assessment of the
system
Analysis and
Iterpretation
-Funcionality
-Reliabilty
-Usability
-Maintainability
-Workability
-Safety

FIGURE 1 Conceptual Framework

STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

The invention of an Arduino based automatic plant watering system is for the sake of
saving time and effort apart from encouraging people to grow plants. This is because the rising
of surrounding temperature nowadays makes people feel uncomfortable, and this problem more
or less is caused by greenhouse effect. Basically, greenhouse gases come from all sort of human
activities which comprise of the usage of electricity, the burning of fossil fuels from vehicles and
industries as well as deforestation. In other words, the lacking of plants are one of reason that
leads to the rising in surrounding temperature.
 The advantage of this invention to detect the moisture level of soil and thereafter, water
the plant automatically is compatible with the hectic lifestyle of people nowadays. It is believed
that there are people who loves planting but have no time or not so dedicated to take care of
plants. Therefore, this invention can ease human lives and deal with their laziness in watering
plants, particularly during summer or during hot weather days. To add on, this system will be
useful for travelers. Before they are away from home, they can set up the invention to keep they
plants healthy and alive. In the long run, the contribution of people in planting more or less can
help to tackle greenhouse effect and to lower surrounding temperature.

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The objectives of this project are:

1. To study on the design and create the automatic plant watering system using Arduino.
2. To develop the automatic plant watering system.
3. To analyze the performance and functionality of the automatic plant watering system.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The scope of this research is limited to the following items so that the research could be focused
to achieve the stated objectives. In order to achieve that stated objectives, the work scopes are
listed as below:
i. The Arduino based automatic plant watering system is designed and created using
Fritzing software.
ii. ii. The automatic plant watering system is developed on the Arduino board with the
soil moisture sensor connected. The soil moisture sensor is then programmed using C
or C++ assembly language to detect the soil moisture level and control the water flow
to the plants.
iii. iii. Obtain the result of the automatic plant watering system from the project
developed.

DEFENITION OF TERMS
 IDE – INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT