RADAR SYSTEM

A project work submitted for partial fulfillment of

B. Tech in Electrical & Electronics Of
Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology

Under the guidance and supervision of

Mr. Amit Pratap Singh
B BLOCK DIAGRAM
 CONTENTS

• DEFINITION OF RADAR
• COMPONENTS NEEDED
• ARDUINO UNO
• SG 90 –SERVO METER
• ULTRASONIC SENSOR HC SR04
• DESIGN OF ULTRASONIC RADAR
ANTENNA
• APPLICATIONS OF RADAR
• ADVANTAGES OF RADAR
 RADAR
What is RADAR an acronym for?
Radio Detection and Ranging.
Radio wave is generated, transmitted,
reflected and detected.
 RADAR unimpaired by night, fog,
clouds, smoke.
 RADAR is good for isolated targets
against a relatively featureless
background.
 Components needed

Pin headers Wires Soldering iron

HC-SR04
Arduino UNO SG-90 Micro-
Ultrasonic
microcontroller Servo motor
sensor
ARDUINO UNO
• The Arduino uno is a
microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328.
• It has 14 digital Input /
Output pins (of which 6
can be used as PWM
outputs), 6 analog inputs,
a 16MHz ceramic
resonator, USB connection,
a power jack, an ICSP
header and a reset button.
• It contains everything
needed to support the
microcontroller; simply
connect it to computer
with a USB cable or power
it with a AC-to-DC adapter
or battery to get started.
 SG-90 SERVO MOTOR
• A servomotor is a rotary
actuator that allows for
precise control of angular
position, velocity and
acceleration.
• It consists of a suitable motor
coupled to a sensor for
position feedback.
• Servomotors are used in
applications such
as robotics, CNC machinery or
automated manufacturing.
 Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04
Ultrasonic ranging module HC - SR04 provides 2cm - 400cm
non-contact measurement function, the ranging accuracy
can reach to 3mm.
The modules includes ultrasonic transmitters, receiver and
control circuit.
The basic principle of work: (1) Using IO trigger for at least
10us high level signal, (2) The Module automatically sends
eight 40 kHz and detect whether there is a pulse signal back.
(3) IF the signal back, through high level , time of high
output IO duration is the time from sending ultrasonic to
returning.
 Test distance = (high level time×velocity of sound (340m/S)
/ 2.
Programming Arduino UNO
1. Arduino Uno micro controller board
was connected with Pc or Laptop via
standard USB cable.
2. The program codes were written in C
compiler based Arduino IDE.
3. Sensor and motor’s Input and
output were assigned into the
program In the following manner:-

#include <Servo.h>.
#define PWR 13
#define GND 8
#define trigPin2 9 // for ECO 1
#define echoPin2 10 // for ECO 1
#define trigPin1 11 // for ECO 1
#define echoPin1 12 // for ECO 1
Servo myServo;
void setup() {
Serial.begin (9600);
myServo.attach(6);
pinMode(trigPin1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin1, INPUT);
pinMode(trigPin2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin2, INPUT);
pinMode(PWR, OUTPUT);
pinMode(GND, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(PWR, HIGH);
digitalWrite(GND, LOW);
}
Programming Processing Tool for RADAR screen Visual

1. Serial output data of Arduino

contains Present status of
rotation angle and measured
distance by two sensors in
centimeter.
2. These three serial output
parameters were transferred
to PROCESSING environment
Software.
3. With the help of java script
coding a visual interface was
developed and using the
serial o/p parameters from
Arduino, real time
visualization of the dual
RADAR was developed.
 Final Fabricated RADAR

Dual Sensor RADAR in Plastic case RADAR screen by Processing Tool

 FIELDS OF APPLICATION

 MILITARY
 REMOTE SENSING
 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
 HIGHWAY SECURITY
 NAVIGATION
 SHIP SECURITY
 SPACE(SATTELITS)
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar

 https://www.electronicshub.org/arduino-radar-project/

 https://howtomechatronics.com/projects/arduino-radar-
project/

 Exploring Arduino by Jeremy Blum