Gemini Communication Ltd.

Innovation & Leadership

Product Training – Radwin WinLink 1000
Ref. 1050006100

© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in

 Main Components in DWDM

1) Transponder
2) Omux/Odmux
3) Optical Amplifier
4) OADM
5) Regenerator

Data as on June,06 2
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 Transponder
A device that takes an optical signal, performs electrical
3R regeneration & re-transmits the signal in optical form
In to Wavelength grid as per G.192

It allows any Wavelength as input to DWDM

For every input Wavelength, one transponder is required

Its very useful for Wavelength leasing, as customer can

Send any wavelength

Data as on June,06 3
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 Transponder

OADM

Transponders in
Terminal
Transponders in
OADM

Data as on June,06 4
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 Mux/Transponders in DWDM
TRP SAN
TRP PDH

M TRP ATM

TRP GbE
Fibre U TRP SDH /
SONET

X TRP Digital
Video

2.5 Gb/s

10Gb/s ECI-
SDH

Full transparency

Colored SDH I/Fs

Data as on June,06 5
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 KEEP ALIVE function in Transponder
LOS Shut-Down
Keep-alive

TX TXKeep-alive RX
LOS Shut-Down

TX TX RX
SDH TXA SDH

Interruption
TX RX TX RX

SDH SDH

 A transponder continuously outputs signal when it detects LOS.

(If a transponder shut down its output when it detects LOS, output of TXAMP at
Term Node may not correspond to sudden change of waves, so that
system may have an interruption.)

Data as on June,06 6
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 Block Diagram of Transponder (2.5G Term)

Tx-Side

Lambda OUT
TX-E/O LBO (to OMUX)
ALM/Cont CLK DATA
RSOH
Monitor

OPT IN
(from Client) TX-O/E
ALM/Cont

Control Circuits BUS

Rx-Side

OPT OUT
(to Client) RX-E/O
ALM/Cont CLK DATA
RSOH
Monitor

Lambda IN
RX-O/E (from ODMUX)
ALM/Cont

Data as on June,06 7
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 Omux/Odmux
Various Transponder outputs (Wavelengths) will be
provided as Inputs to Mux. Each input is equipped with A
selective filter of certain Wavelength. The output of these
filters are coupled to a Single Mode fiber

At the Receiver end, these Wavelengths are separated

again by a Demux & directs them to individual
Transponders

Both Mux & Demux are identical components,

only difference is that they are driven in opposite
direction
Data as on June,06 8
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 DWDM Nodes - Optical Multiplexer (OMUX)
Wavelengt Channe
h λn l #n
λ1 λ2 λ(n- λn
λ(n- #(n-
λ(n- #(n- 1)
1) 1)
2) 2)

100 GHz Transmi

Client

t
Amplifie
Aggregate Signal r
over n-channels (TXA)
with wavelengths
λ3 #3 ranging from λ1 to
λ2 #2 λn.
λ1 #1
Channel spacing is
100 GHz and even.
OMUX

Data as on June,06 9
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 DWDM Nodes - Optical Demultiplexer (ODMUX)
Wavelengt Channe
h λn l #n
λ1 λ2 λ(n- λn
λ(n- #(n-
λ(n- #(n- 1)
1) 1)
2) 2)

100 GHz Receive

Client

Amplifie
Aggregate Signal r
over n-channels (RXA)
with wavelengths
λ3 #3 ranging from λ1 to
λ2 #2 λn.
λ1 #1
Channel spacing is
100 GHz and even.
ODMUX

Data as on June,06 10
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 Need of Amplifier
Transmitter Receiver

Electrical ~1 mW 80 km of fiber ~10 µW Electrical

signal 0.25 dB/km signal

• There should be enough optical power at the receiver

for error free detection
 Bit Error Rate (BER), typically less than 10-12

• To travel long distances, we need to amplify or regenerate

the optical signal
Data as on June,06 11
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 Optical Amplifier
Where do we require Optical Amps ?
a) Booster/Post Amp
Boosts the signal at Transmitter end to compensate relatively
low output power of laser transmitters

b) Line Amp
Used at regular intervals to compensate fiber transmission
loss

c) Pre Amp
Boosts signal prior to Optical detectors to increase the Rx
sensitivity
Data as on June,06 12
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in
 Thank You
Contact : info@gcl.in
Data as on June,06 13
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© Gemini Communication – Company Confidential www.gcl.in