THE TROJAN WAR

The war has its roots in the wedding of King Peleus and the sea-nymph Thetis.
When the gods decide not to invite Eris, she is angered and introduces Discord to the
banquet hall in the form of a golden apple inscribed with the words “For the Fairest.” The
vain goddesses argue over who deserves the apple, and the field is narrowed down to
Aphrodite, Hera and Pallas Athena. Paris, the son of King Priam of Troy, is selected to
judge. All the three try to bribe Paris: Hera offers to make him Lord of Europe and Asia,
Pallas Athena offers Trojan victory against Greeks and Aphrodite offers the fairest woman
in the world - Paris chooses Aphrodite.
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1. In Greek myth, the whole war really began with a problem up on Mount Olympus.
The gods were having some kind of party, and all but one god was not invited. That dun
happy god threw an apple into the banquet hall that said “For the Fairest”. Three
goddesses fought for the apple. They brought the problem to Zeus, who refused to help,
but said to ask Paris, who lived on the Mount Ida. Each goddess promised Paris
something if he chose her as the most beautiful. Who did Paris choose as most beautiful?
a. Athena
b. Aphrodite
c. Hera
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Unfortunately, the most beautiful woman in the world, Helen daughter of Zeus and
Leda, sister of Castor and Pollux is already married to King Menelaus of Sparta. Visiting
Menelaus, Paris came to their home and was welcomed as a guest. While he was in their
house, Menelaus had to go to Crete. Paris broke the bond of guest and host by stealing
Helen away. When Helen is abducted, the only men who resist conscription are
Odysseus, who does not want to leave his home and family, and Achilles, whose mother
knows he is fated to die at Troy so his mother Thetis sent him to the court of Lycomedes.
In the end, however, they join the rest of the Greeks and sail united against Troy. They
met in Aulis, a place of strong winds and dangerous tides. They cannot sail as long as
the north wind blew. In route, the soothsayer, Calchas declared that the gods had spoken
to him and that was Artemis. Artemis was angry because one of her beloved wild
creatures, a hare, had been slain by the Greeks. To ensure a safe voyage to Troy was to
appease Artemis by sacrificing to her a royal maiden, Iphigenia, the eldest daughter of
the Commander in Chief, Agamemnon.

2. Why did Thetis send his son Achilles to the court of Lycomedes?
a. he is fated to die at Troy
b. would someday be the ruin of their country
 c. he fell in love with Helen

When they reached the mouth of the Simois, one of the river of Troy, the first man
to leap ashore was Prostesilaus. There is an oracle that said the man who landed fisrt
would be the first to die and that was a brave deed by Prostesilaus. Hermes bring him up
from the dead to see once again his deeply mourning wife, Laodamia. She would not give
him up a second time. When he went back to the underworld she went with him; she killed
herself.
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The thousand ships carried a great host of fighting men and the Greek Army was
very strong, but the Trojan City was strong too. King Priam and his Queen, Hecuba had
many brave sons to lead the attack and to defend the walls. There is only one greater
warrior, the champion of the Greeks, Achilles. Achilles had been told by his mother.
“Very brief is your lot. Would that you could be free now from tears and
troubles, for you shall not long endure, my child, short-lived beyond all men and to be
pitied”
No divinity told Hector, but he was equally sure and said to his wife Andromache.
“I know well in my heart and in my soul the day shall come when holy Troy
will be laid low and Priam and Priam’s people.”
Both heroes fought under the shadow of certain death.
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3. Who was the son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba lead the attack to defend walls?
a. Paris
b. Polyxena
c. Hector
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For nine years’ victory wavered, now to this side, now to that. Then a quarrel flared
up between two Greeks, Achilles and Agamemnon, and for a time it turned the tide in
favor of the Trojans. Again the reason was woman, Chryseis, daughter of Apollo’s priest,
whom the Greeks carried off and given to Agamemnon. The father of Chryseis came to
beg for her to release, but Agamemnon would not let her go. Then the priest prayed to
the mighty god whom he served and Phoebus Apollo hears him. So Apollo shot fiery
arrows down upon the Greek Army. Achilles called an assembly of the chieftain. They
must find a way to appease Apollo or else sail home. Prophet Calchas stood up and said
he knew why the god was angry, but he was afraid to speak unless Achilles would
guarantee his safety. Achilles answered,
 “I do so even if you accuse Agamemnon himself.”
Every man there understood, they knew how Apollo’s priest treated. When Calchas
declared that Chryseis must be given back to her father. Agamenon greatly angered was
obliged to agree. Agamemnon told Achilles.
“But if I lose her who was my prize of honor?” “I will have another in her stead.”
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When Chyrseis had been returned to her father, Agamemnon sent two of his
squires to Achilles’ tent to take his prize of honor away from him, the maiden Briseis. That
night Achilles’ mother, Thetis the sea nymph, came to him. She was angry and told him
to have nothing more to do with the Greeks, and with that she went up to heaven and
asked Zeus to give success to the Trojans. Zeus was reluctant. The war had already
reached Olympus – the gods were ranged against each other. Aphrodite was on the side
of Paris. Hera and Athena was against to Paris. Ares, God of War, always took sides with
Aphrodite. While Poseidon, Lord of the Sea, was on the Greeks. Apollo cared for Hector
and helped Trojans, and Artemis, as his sister did so too. Zeus liked the Trojans best but
he wanted to be neutral because Hera was so disagreeable whenever he opposed her
openly. However, he could not resist Thetis.

Zeus plan was simple. He knew that the Greeks without Achilles were inferior to
the Trojans. He sent a lying dream to Agamemnon promising him victory if he attacked.
While Achilles stayed in his tent a fierce battle followed, the hardest yet fought. In the wall
of Troy, King Priam and the other old men, sat watching the contest. To them came Helen,
the cause of all that agony and death, yet as they looked at her, they could not feel any
blame. They said to each other.
“Men must fight such as she. For her face was like to that of an immortal spirit.”
The armies drew back and give space between Paris and Menelaus and they faced each
other. It was evident that the sensible decision had been reached to let the two most
concerned fight it out alone.
Menelaus defeats Paris in combat, however Aphrodite saves Paris’ life. Furiously
Menelaus went through the Trojan ranks seeking Paris, and not a man there but would
have helped him for they all hated Paris, but he was gone, no one knew how or where.
So Agamemnon Spoke to both armies, declaring that Menelaus was victor and bidding
Trojans give Helen back. Trojans would have agreed if Athena, at Hera’s prompting, had
not interfered. Hera was determined that the war should not end until Troy was ruined.
So she makes a Trojan named Pandarus break the truce. When the battle starts again,
the great Greek warrior Diomedes nearly kills the Trojan Aeneas, whom Apollo saves and
carried him to sacred Pergamos, the holy place of Troy, where Artemis healed him of his
wound
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4. Why did Agamemnon attack the Trojans after his dreams?
a. Zeus sent him a promising victory dream
b. Zeus promise to bring back his daughter alive
c. Zeus promise to make him Lord of Mycanae

Diomedes raged on, working havoc in the Trojan ranks until he came face to face
Hector. To his dismay he saw Ares too. The bloodstained murderous god of war was
fighting with Hector. Diomedes shuddered and cried to Greeks to fall back. Hera was
angry. She urged her horses to Olympus and asked Zeus if she might drive that bane
men, Ares, from the battlefield. Hera hastened down to stand beside Diomedes and urge
him to smite the terrible god and have no fear. He rushed at Ares and hurled his spear at
him. Athena drove it home, and it entered Ares’ body. The War-god bellowed as loud as
ten thousand cry in battle and at the awful sound trembling seized the whole host.

Ares, really a bully at heart and unable to bear what he brought upon fled up to
Zeus in Olympus and complained bitterly of Athena’s violence. Zeus looked at him sternly
and told him he was as intolerable as his mother. With Ares gone, the Trojan were forced
to fall back. At this crisis a brother of Hector’s, wise in discerning the will of the gods,
urged Hector to go to the city and tell the Queen, his mother to offer Athena the most
beautiful robe she owned and pray her to have mercy. Hector felt the wisdom of the advice
and sped through the gates to the palace, where his mother did all as he said. She took
a robe so precious that it shone like a star and laying it in the goddess’s knees she
besought her:
“Lady Athena, spare the city and the wives of the Trojans and the little
children.”
But Pallas Athena denied the prayer.

As Hector went back to the battle he turned aside to see once more, perhaps for
the last time, the wife he tenderly loved, Andromache, and his son Astyanax. He
met her on the wall where she had gone in terror to watch the fighting when she
heard the were in retreat. With her was a handmaid carrying the little boy. Hector
smiled and looked at them silently, but Andromache took his hand in hers and
wept. "My dear lord," she said, "you who are father and mother and brother unto
me as well as husband, stay here with us. Do not make me a widow and your
child an orphan." He effused her gently. He could not be a coward, he said. It was
for him to fight always in the forefront of the battle. Yet she could know that he
never forgot what her anguish would be when he died. He turned to leave her,
but first he held out his arms to his son. Terrified the little boy shrank back, afraid
of the helmet and its fierce nodding crest. Hector laughed and took the shining
helmet from his head. Then holding the child in his arms he caressed him and
prayed, "O Zeus, in after years may men say of this my son when he returns from
battle, 'Far greater is he than his father was.'. Nestor, however, who was the
oldest among the chieftains and therefore the wisest, wiser even than the shrewd
Odysseus, spoke out boldly and told Agamemnon that if he had not angered
Achilles they would not have been defeated.

5. "My dear lord," "you who are father and mother and brother unto me as
well as husband, stay here with us. Do not make me _______ and your
___________."
-Andromache
c. a widow, child an orphan
b. a lesser woman, strength weaken
a. kill myself, family will be broken
6. He was the oldest among the chieftains and therefore the wisest, wiser
even than the shrewd Odysseus.
a. Agamemnon
b. Hector
c. Paris

With gone, the Greeks were able to drive the Trojans far back from the ships
and Troy might have been sacked that very day if Zeus had not awakened.
Before the two, the god and the hero, the Greeks were like a flock of frightened
sheep driven by mountain lions. They fled in confusion to the ships, and the
wall they had built to defend them went down like a sand wall children heap up
on the shore and then scatter in their play. The Trojans were almost near
enough to set the ships on fire. The Greeks, hopeless, thought only of dying
bravely.
Marvelous arms they were when Thetis brought them, worthy of their maker, such
as no man on earth had ever borne. The myrmidons gazed at them with awe and
a flame of fierce joy blazed in Achilles' eyes as he put them on. Then at last he
left the tent in which he had sat so long, and went down to where the Greeks were
gathered, a wretched company, Diomedes grievously wounded, Odysseus,
Agamemnon, and many another. He felt shame before them and he told them he
saw his own exceeding folly in allowing the loss of a mere girl to make him forget
everything else. But that was over; he was ready to lead them as before.

7. He/She brought Marvelous arms, worthy of their maker, such as no man

on earth had ever borne.
a. Thetis
b. Andromache
c. Hera
8. the Greeks were able to drive the Trojans far back from the ships
a. argonauts
b. PeRsians
c. Greeks

By this time the gates, the great Scaean gates of Troy, had
been flung wide, for the Trojans at last were in full flight and were crowding
 into the town. Only Hector stood immovable before the wall. From the
gates old Priam, his father, and his mother Hecuba cried to him to come
within and save himself, but he did not heed. He was thinking, "I led the
Trojans, Their defeat is my fault. Then am I to spare myself? And yet—
what if I were to lay down shield and spear and go tell Achilles that we will
give Helen back and half of Troy's treasures with her? Useless. He would
but kill me unarmed as if I were a woman. Better to join battle with him now
even if I die."
Grief stirred within Achilles' heart as he listened. Gently he raised the old man.
"Sit by me here," he said, "and let our sorrow lie quiet in our hearts. Evil is all men's
lot, but yet we must keep courage." Then he bade his servants wash and anoint
Hector's body and cover it with a soft robe, so that Priam should not see it, frightfully
mangled as it was, and be unable to keep back his wrath Nine days they lamented
him; then they laid him on a lofty pyre and set fire to it. When all was burned they
quenched the flame with wine and gathered the bones into a golden um, shrouding
them in soft purple. They set the urn in a hollow grave and piled great stones over
it.
This was the funeral of Hector, tamer of horses. And with it the Iliad ends.

9. Who said the following lines, "I led the Trojans, their defeat is my fault.
Then am I to spare myself? And yet—what if I were to lay down shield and
spear and go tell Achilles that we will give Helen back and half of Troy's
treasures with her? Useless.”
a. Achilles
b. Paris
c. Hector
10. What did Achilles bid his servants to do with Hectors body?
a. Throw it into the river of fallen warriors
b. Burry it in the Great Scean gates of Troy
c. Wash and anoint and cover with the soft robe.

The fall of troy

11. with the death of hector, Achilles knew as his mother had told him, that his own
death was near. His battle with an Ethiopian prince the son of the goddess of the
down whom which helped troy for many years, was his last glorious battle.
QUESTION: He was the prince whom which Achilles killed in his final battle.
a. Paris
b. Prince Memnon
c. Ajax
12. After Achilles killed the Ethiopian prince, he drove the Trojans back to the
Scaean gates, where Paris shoots him an arrow and a certain god guides it to his
vulnerable spot (Thetis tried to make the infant Achilles invulnerable by dunking
his body in the river Styx but forgot to submerged the heel by which she held
him).
QUESTION: who was the god that guided the arrow that Paris casted to slay
Achilles?
 a. Hermes
b. Poseidon
c. Apollo
13. The Greeks decided that Achilles divine armor should be given to either
Odysseus or Ajax. A secret vote was then taken between the two and Odysseus
got the divine armor. Such a decision was very serious matter in those days. It
was not only that the man who one was honored; the man was defeated was
held to be dishonored. Ajax felt disgraced he believed that Agamemnon and
Menelaus had turned their vote against him so he plots revenge but a goddess
struck him with madness, making him believe that flocks of cattle were the
Greeks army. After he regained his senses, his last utterance was “In such a
state only a coward cling’s to life. A man if he cannot live nobly can die nobly”.
He then drew his sword and killed himself.
QUESTION: The goddess that struck Ajax with Madness resulting for him to
commit suicide.
a. Athena
b. Thetis
c. Aphrodite
14. The Greeks prophet Calchas told the Greeks that the Gods has no message for
them but the prophet of the Trojans knew the future, so Odysseus took that
prophet and imprisoned him he told Odysseus that Troy would not fall until
someone fought against the Trojans with the bow and arrow of Hercules.
QUESTION: who was the prophet of the Trojans, who knew the future, and was
imprisoned by Odysseus.
a. Astyanax
b. Helenus
c. Priest Laocoón
15. When Hercules died his bow and Arrow was given to a Prince, the man who had
fired his funeral pyre and who later had joined the Greek host when they sailed to
Troy. On the voyage the Greeks stop at an island to offer a sacrifice when he
was bitten by a serpent. his wound would not heal so the Greeks left him at
Lemnos.
QUESTION: he was the one who has the bow and arrow of Hercules and was
bitten by a serpent and was left alone by the Greeks in Lemnos.
a. Agamemnon
b. Philoctetes
C. Jason
16. After hearing Helenus, Odysseus and Diomedes went to Lemnos and Odysseus
took the bow and arrow from Philoctetes and then Diomedes brought Philoctetes
with them to Troy, along their way Philoctetes was healed by a wise Greek
physician. When they arrived at Troy the very first man wounded by Philoctetes
arrow was a prince of Troy. When the prince was wounded he begged to bring
him to a nymph he used to live with in mount Ida before the three Goddesses
 came to him, that nymph had a drug that can heal all ailments but she refused to
help the prince because he left her and broke her heart. After watching him die,
she then killed herself after.
QUESTION: what was the name of the prince of Troy, who got killed by
Philoctetes?
a. Aeneas
b. Hector
c. Paris
Question: what was the name of the nymph of Mount Ida, who fell in love with
the prince of troy?
a. Helen
b. Oenone
c. Andromache
17. There was a secret image of Pallas Athena in the city named Palladium as long
as Troy has it Troy would not fall. So Diomedes and Odysseus planned to steal
it. At night, Diomedes climb the wall of Troy and stole the Palladium with the help
of Odysseus. Then Odysseus made a fantastic plan to create a gigantic wooden
horse which was hollow, inside it was all terror – stricken Greek soldiers except
Achilles’ son. The idea was that all the other Greeks should strike camp, and
apparently put out to sea, but they would really hide beyond the nearest island
where they could not be seen by the Trojans.

Question: What was the name of Achilles’ son?

a. Astyanax
b. Neoptolemus
c. Aeneas
18. Night came and Odysseus and the Greeks plan was carried out then the last day
of Troy dawned. On the walls the Trojan watchers saw the gigantic wooden
horse, such a thing as no one had ever seen. The noisy Greek camp was
hushed! Nothing was left nor the ships were gone. The Trojans concluded that
the Greeks had given up and sailed back to Greece. Then suddenly there was a
Greek soldier named Sinnon, who showed up and acted that he was left behind
by the Greeks, and was chosen to be a sacrificed by the Greeks. He also told
Priam that the Greeks army fled home and that Athena was angry at Odysseus
and the whole Greek army for stealing the Palladium. It befell that by his false
cunning and pretended tears opened the opportunity of the Greeks to defeat
Troy. But one Trojan, who had urgently told the Priam to destroy the wooden
horse, he uttered “I fear the Greeks even when they bear gifts!” but one god who
was the most bitter of all Gods against Troy, ordered two fearful serpent from the
sea to wrap their coils kill that Trojan.
QUESTION: Who uttered “I fear the Greeks even when they bear gifts!”
a. Priest Laocoón
 b. Prophet Helenus
c. Aeneas
19. The Trojan dragged the wooden horse through the gates and up to the temple of
Athena, then rejoicing in their good fortune, believing the war ended and
Athena’s favor restored them, in the middle of the night, the Greeks that where
hiding inside the wooden horse come out and begin the most horrible deeds that
led to the down fall of Troy, all of the houses in the city was burnt, many Trojans
were killed and all leaders had been dead except the son of Aphrodite. He and
other Trojan chief escaped. He fought the greeks as long as he could find a living
Trojan to stand with Him.
QUESTION: What was the name of the brave son of Aphrodite?
a. Jason
b. Aeneas
c. Astyanax
20. when morning came the proudest city of Asia was fiery ruin, all that was left
were women that were taken overseas to became slaves. One of them was the
wife of the king of troy, who watched the city burn and uttered “and I? who am I?
a slave men drive like cattle, an old grey woman that has no home”.
QUESTION: what was the name of the lover and the queen of Priam’s heart?
a. Andromache
b. Hecuba
c. Aphrodite
21. One of the surviving women is a wife and a mother of a child of a great hero of
Troy, when she was captured by the Greeks her son was with her, then a herald
told her that her child must die, be thrown down from the towering wall
o43ekol2qre44f troy, the woman uttered “weeping my little one? There, there you
cannot know what waits for you”. Then the Greek soldiers threw the boy from the
wall. Then Troy’s last sacrifice was accomplished.
QUESTION: What was the name of the mother and the child that was thrown
from the wall of Troy?
a. Andromache, Astyanax
b. Hecuba, Paris
c. Medea, Astyanax

The Adventure of Odysseus

After Troy fell, everything changed. Athena and Poseidon became the bitterest enemy.
On the Greek’s voyage home, they were all punished.
Cassandra King Priam’s daughter. Apollo gifted her the ability to tell fortune in order to
win her heart. However, this gift was turned into a curse after Apollo was turned down by
Cassandra. No one believed in Cassandra’s fortune telling.

Cassandra clung to Athena’s image for protection during the Trojan War. However, the
Greek found her there and they dared to lay violent hands on her. The Ajax tore
Cassandra from the altar and got dragged away from Athena’s temple. Athena got angry.
She asked Poseidon to punished these sailors.

Poseidon made the Greeks unable to sail home directly but wandering around:
Agamemnon came near to losing all his ships. Menelaus was blown to Egypt. Ajax was
drowned. Odysseus was made to wander for 10 years.

22. Why Athena and Poseidon punished the Greeks including Odysseus?
a. Helens Abduction
b. Cassandra dragged out from the goddess temple
c. Achilles died

In Ithaca, the island where Odysseus’ home. Everyone thought Odysseus’ wife,
Penelope, as a widow and proposed to her. These suitors just wanted Odysseus’
possessions and properties. Penelope and Odysseus’ son, Telemachus, could not stand
them.

Penelope’s plan to not receiving any suitor’s proposal. She lied that she couldn’t marry
until she finished woven a fine wrought shroud for Odysseus’ father, the aged Laertes.
Penelope unwove each night what she had woven during the day. Unfortunately, that trick
was failed because one of the handmaidens told the suitors and they discovered in the
very act.

23. . To Whom did Penelope wove the wrought shroud?

a. Odysseus
b. Laertes
c. Telemachus

During the Trojan war, Athena had especially favored Odysseus. She delighted in his wily
mind, his shrewdness and his cunning; she was always forward to help him. After Troy
fell she included him with the others in her wrathful displeasure.

After 10 years, gods forgave Odysseus. Poseidon was the only exception because he
was absent from the gathering in Olympus. He had gone to visit the Ethiopians.
Calypso loved Odysseus and shared all her for tune with him. However, Odysseus missed
his family in Greek. Gods were moved by Athena’s words. Zeus ordered that gods had to
help Odysseus to return home. Hermes carried Zeus’ command and went to Calypso,
asking her to release Odysseus.

24. Who ask Calypso to release Odysseus in order for him to get back home?
a. Poseidon
b. Athena
c. Hermes

Athena arrived Ithaca and helped Telemachus to go to Nestor and Menelaus’ place and
gather Odysseus’ news. Athena disguise as a mentor.

Seventeen days he journeyed without change of weather until Poseidon appeared and
changed everything. He said that I can give him even yet a long journey into sorrow before
he reaches land. Poseidon summoned all the violent winds and let them loose, blinding
sea and land with storm clouds.

A kind Theban princess, Ino, pitied Odysseus. She appeared as a sea gull and informed
Odysseus that he should abandon the raft and swim to shore. She gave him a veil, which
he could keep him from harm.

Athena arranged matters well for him. Odysseus landed a country belonged to
Phaeacians. They were kind and splendid sailors. Odysseus was saved by the King’s
daughter, Nausicaa. Odysseus was invited to the palace by Nausicaa. There, the king
promised to help him home. Odysseus told the story of his ten years’ wandering in the
presence of all the Phaeacian chiefs

25. In what country Odysseus landed after he punished by Poseidon?

a. Ithaca
b. Phaeacian
c. Aeaea
Odysseus’ adventure after the Trojan War.
The Land of Lotus-Eaters

On the tenth day from their departure from Troy, they came to the land of Lotus-eaters.
Those who ate the flower-food forgot their longing for home. Fortunately, only few men
lost their memory and Odysseus drag them.

26. What happened to the crew of Odysseus who eat the flowers in the Island of Lotus
Eaters?
a. They fell in love
b. They forgot their longing for home
 c. They became crazy
The Cyclops Island

They met Cyclops Polyphemus son of Poseidon. Odysseus and his men poke out the eye
of the Cyclops.

27. What is the name of the Cyclopes that Odysseus did encounter on his Adventure?
a. Polyphemus
b. Zethos
c. Nykteus
The Country of Winds

They arrived Country of Winds, ruled by King Aeolus. He received Odysseus and his crew
hospitably and gifted Odysseus a leather sack of storm winds. One of Odysseus’ crew
thought it was gold in the sack and opened it. All winds rushed out at once and swept
them a way in a terrific tempest.

28. What gift did King Aeolus give to Odysseus?

a. Sack of gold
b. Sack of Storm Winds
c. Sack of Food
The Country of the Laestrygons

A people of gigantic size and cannibals too. These horrible folks destroyed all Odysseus’
ship except the one him himself.

29. What creature that lives on the Island of Laestergons?

a. Giant and Cannibals
b. Athenians
c. Spartans

The Isle of Circe

They moved to the next island the realm of Circe, a most beautiful and dangerous witch.
She turned men into dragon and other animals. However, Odysseus with Hermes help
didn’t get transformed. Circe, thereby, fell in love with Odysseus. Circe listened and
followed Odysseus’ commands. Before they left, Circe offered Odysseus next tip to get
home that he must go down to the dark realm of Hades and find the spirit of the Prophet
Teiresias.

30. What did Hermes give to Odysseus for him to not to turn into animal?
a. Lemon
b. Herbs
c. Ambrosia
The Prophet Teiresias

Following Circe’s tip, Odysseus and his crew came to Erebus where Hades ruled with
Persephone. They filled the trench with sheep's blood in order to find the spirit of Teiresias
to tell them how to get home. Teiresias said the chief danger was that they might do injury
to the oxen of the Sun.
31. Who is the spirit who only know how to get home Odysseus?
a. Teiresias
b. Achilles
c. Ajax the Great

The Sirens

Odysseus kept following Circe’s tip to sail home. He knew that they would pass the island
of sirens. Sirens were marvelous singers whose voices would make a man forget all else.
In order not to hear sirens’ singing, every man needed to cover his ears with wax.
However, Odysseus would like to hear their voices. He asked his crew to tie him on the
mast when they passed by sirens. Odysseus became the only one who heard Sirens.

32. What did Odysseus’ crew put on their ears to not to hear the voice of the sirens?
a. Corks
b. feather
c. Wax

Syclla and Charybdis

A six headed monster and a violent whirlpool. Odysseus passed it but it was frightful
ordeal six of the crew lost their lives there.

33. How many men lost their when they pass to the six headed monster and a violent
whirlpool?
a. 12
b. 6
c. 4
The Island of the Sun

The crew ate the sacred oxen because they were hungry. The Sun immediately took his
vengeance. A thunderbolt shattered the ship when they left, everyone drowned, except
for Odysseus. He drifted for days, until he finally cast ashore on Calypso’s Island.
 34. What did the crew of Odysseus eat in the island of the sun?
a. Sacred oxen
b. Sacred sheep
c. Sacred pig

In the end, he came to Phaeacian. The King helped Odysseus to return to Ithaca.

Telemachus first reunited with his father, Odysseus. Odysseus disguised as an old
beggar among Penelope’s suitors. Only Argos his old dog can recognize him

Penelope didn’t recognize him. However, Odysseus’ nurse Eurycleia did when she saw
the scar on his foot as she washed his feet. Penelope said she would marry anyone who
can shoot an arrow straight through 12 rings. No one succeed. Odysseus was the last
one to try. He shot at every suitor on the spot.

35. In order to marry Penelope, the suitor must shoot an arrow straight through?
a. 12 chairs
b. 12 axe rings
c. 12 youth
The battle was ended; Odysseus was sitting at the hearth where the firelight fell full on
him. Penelope sat down opposite to him. Penelope has no strength to move. The hall was
filled with rejoiced; minstrel drew sweet sounds from lyre and waked in the entire longing
for dance. For Odysseus at last long wandering had home and every heart was glad.

Adventures to Aeneas

In a dream, Aeneas is told that he is destined to sail to Italy, known then as Hesperia,
the Western Country. On the way, he and his crew encounter the same Harpies whom
the Argonauts battled. Unable to defeat them, they are forced to escape. The next
encounter Hector’s widow, Andromache, enslaved by Achilles’ son after the war. After
her captor’s death, she marries the Trojan prophet Helenus. Helenus tells Aeneas that
he should land on the western coast of Italy and gives him directions and tells him how
to avoid the dire Scylla and Charybdis. He seemingly does not know about other
dangers along the route. Luckily, when the Trojans land on the island of the Cyclopes,
they meet a sailor whom Ulysses (Odysseus) has left behind. They escape just as
Polyphemus charges the ship.
1. Which Trojan prophet does Aeneas meet after escaping the Harpies?
a. Andromache
b. Cassandra
c. Helenus

Juno is still angry with the Trojans, however, as she still resents Paris choosing Venus
over her and has learned that Aeneas’s descendants are fated to found a city that will
one day destroy Carthage, her favorite city. Juno recruits Aeolus, King of the Winds, to
send a gigantic storm. Though Neptune’s intervention saves the Trojans, they are blown
off course all the way to Africa, near Carthage, of all cities. Juno conspires to have
Aeneas fall in love with Carthage’s queen, Dido, figuring that if he does, he will not
leave Carthage. Venus makes her own plan, however, and sends Cupid to ensure that
Dido falls in love with Aeneas and that Aeneas never reciprocates the feelings.
Nonetheless, as Dido lavishes attention on Aeneas and his men, he grows used to the
luxury and lingers in Carthage. At last, Jupiter, acting on Venus’s behalf, sends Mercury
to Aeneas. “How long are you going to waste time here in idle luxury?” Mercury urges
Aeneas to go fulfill his destiny, so he soberly takes his leave of a sobbing Dido. Sailing
away, he sees smoke rising from Carthage, never knowing that the source is her funeral
pyre.
2. Juno recruits Aeolus, King of the Winds, to______?
a. Ensure that dido fall in love with Aeneas
b. Send a gigantic storm
c. Fulfil his destiny

3 “How long are you going to waste time here in idle luxury?” says________.
a.Mercury
b. juno
c. venus

Part 2
Helenus had also told Aeneas to find the prophetic Sibyl of Cumae upon reaching Italy.
They find the Sibyl, who says she must take Aeneas to the underworld to meet his
father, Anchises, who has died earlier in the journey. To travel to the underworld,
Aeneas and his friend Achates must find a mystical golden bough that gains them
admittance. Venus eventually leads them to the bough, which Aeneas bears as he and
the Sibyl enter the underworld. They pass by many horrors—lost souls, frightening
spirits of Disease and Hunger, even Dido herself, who refuses to acknowledge Aeneas.
Charon sees the golden bough and ferries them across his river. They mollify Cerberus
with cake and finally find Anchises, who shows Aeneas the souls who will one day rise
to be his future descendants. He also tells Aeneas where and how to establish his new
home in Italy.

4. What does Aeneas need to gain entrance to the underworld?

A. Golden bough
B. Sack of coin of gold
Sacreed sheep

Part 3
Aeneas returns to the surface and sails up the Italian coast with his crew. Latinus, king
of the Latins, warmly receives them. Latinus plans to marry his daughter, Lavinia, to the
majestic Aeneas. Juno, however, makes Alecto, one of the Furies, cause trouble. Alecto
convinces Latinus’s wife to oppose the marriage, and Alecto tells Turnus, King of the
Rutulians and suitor of Lavinia, about Aeneas. Finally, Alecto makes Ascanius,
Aeneas’s son, unwittingly kill a certain stag very popular among the Latins. The
advancing army of the Rutulians joins with the Latins to oppose the small band of
Trojans. The two armies are also aided by Mezentius, a cruel ex-leader of the
Etruscans, and Camilla, a renowned female warrior. Aeneas again receives divine help,
however. Father Tiber, god of the famous Roman river, tells him to retreat upstream to
find Evander, king of the town that will one day become Rome.
5. a cruel ex-leader of the Etruscans, and Camilla aided by_______.
A. Odysseus
B. Agamemnon
C. Mezentius

There, Evander and his son, Pallas, receive Aeneas warmly but can offer no real help.
Evander tells Aeneas that he can seek the help of the powerful Etruscans, who are
anxious to get revenge against the tyrannical Mezentius. Evander gives the few men,
including Pallas, whom he can spare.
6. Alecto convinces Latinus’s wife to oppose the________
A. Party
B. marriage
C. Debate

While Aeneas seeks these allies, the Trojans face a huge offensive from Turnus. They
must get word to Aeneas, but Nisus and Euryalus are the only Trojans brave enough to
sneak past enemy lines to send the message. Euryalus is captured and, Nisus, rather
than run away, tries to save Euryalus, only to be killed alongside him. Aeneas returns
with Etruscan reinforcements. After the deaths of Camilla, Pallas, and others, Turnus
and Aeneas meet in single combat. Aeneas kills Turnus, marries Lavinia, and found the
Roman people.
7. Euryalus is captured and, Nisus, rather than run away, tries to _____Euryalus.
A. Kill
B. save
C. Adopt

8. Aenea’s son found Alba Longa, the predecessor to which city?

a. Rome
b. Milan
c. Venice

9. Which god continually plot against Aeneas?

a. Juno
b. Venus
c. Jupiter

10. Who is the queen of Carthage that fall in love with Aeneas?
a. Juno
b. Tiberius
c. Dido

The Quest of the Golden Fleece

 Athamas, a king, gets tired of his first wife, Nephele, and marries a second, Ino.
Ino wants Nephele’s son, Phrixus, out of the way so her own son can inherit the throne.
Hermes sends a flying golden ram to rescue Phrixus and his sister, Helle, who falls off
the ram and dies, the strait was named for her; the Hellespont. Phrixus safely reaches
the land of Colchis, where he sacrifices the ram to Zeus and gives its skin—the Golden
Fleece—to Colchis’s king, Aetes.
QUESTION:
1. Who was the first wife of King Athamas?
a. Ino-
b. Dido- I’m Queen Dido the first maiden who marries Athamas
c. Nephele-

Meanwhile, a man named Pelias has usurped the throne of Phrixus’s uncle, a
Greek king. Jason, the deposed king’s son, grows up and returns to reclaim the throne.
En route to Pelias’s kingdom, Jason loses a sandal. Pelias is afraid when he sees Jason
approach, as an oracle has told him that he will be overthrown by a stranger wearing only
one sandal. The wicked Pelias pretends to acquiesce but says that the gods have told
him that the Golden Fleece must be retrieved for the kingdom first. This is a lie—Pelias
assumes that anyone sent on that dangerous journey will never come back. Jason,
intrigued by the challenge, assembles a remarkable group of heroes to help him, including
Hercules, Castor with his brother Pollux, Peleus Achilles father, and Orpheus the master
musician. Their ship is named the Argo, so the group is called the Argonauts.
QUESTIONS:
2. The reason why Pelias was afraid to see Jason?
a. Because of an Oracle who told him that he will be overthrown by a
stranger wearing only one sandal.
b. Because Jason was the powerful one.
c. Because Phrixus told him that he will be overthrown by Jason.

The Argonauts face many challenges on the way to Colchis. They first meet the
fierce women of Lemnos, who have killed their men, but find them atypically kind.
Hercules leaves the crew, and the Argonauts meet an oracle, Phineus. The sons of
Boreas, the North Wind, help Phineus bop;;;py driving off some terrible Harpies who foul
his food whenever he tries to eat. Phineus gives the Argonauts information that helps
them pass safely through their next challenge—the Symplegades, gigantic rocks that
smash together when a ship sail through them. After narrowly avoiding conflict with the
Amazons, bloody women warriors, and passing by the chained Prometheus, the
Argonauts finally arrive at Colchis.
QUESTION:
3. Who gave the Argonauts information that helps them pass safely through their next
challenge?
a. Mezentius- I helped the argonauts to pass safely.
b. Phineus- I gave them a wise advice about the dangers before them.
c. Peleus- I gave an advice to argonauts on what they are going to do.

Though more trials await here, Hera and Aphrodite help Jason. Like Pelias, Aetes
pretends to want to give Jason the Fleece but first demands that he completes two tasks
that are designed to kill him. Aphrodite sends Cupid to make Aetes’s daughter, a witch
named Medea, fall in love with Jason and help him through the tasks. The first challenge
is to yoke two fierce magical bulls with hooves of bronze and breath of fire, and Medea
gives Jason an ointment that makes him invincible. The second task is to use the bulls to
plow a field and sow it with dragon’s teeth, which causes armed men to spring up from
the earth and attack Jason. Medea tells him that if he throws a rock in the middle of the
armed men, they will attack each other, not him.
QUESTION:
4. What is the first challenge of Jason?
a. To meet the fierce women of lemnos
b. To yoke two fierce magical bulls with hooves of bronze and breath of fire
b. To use the bulls to plow a field and sow it with dragon’s teeth
After Jason’s success, king Aetes plots to kill the Argonauts at night, but Medea
again intercedes, warning Jason and enabling him to steal the Fleece by putting its
guardian serpent to sleep. Medea joins the Argonauts and flees back to Greece. On the
way home, she commits the ultimate act of love for Jason: to help evade the ship’s
pursuers, she kills her own brother, Apsyrtus.
5. Who was the brother of Medea?
a. Pollux- I’m a prince, son of king Aetes
b. Aenas- Aenas brother of Medea
c. Apsyrtus- I’m the one who pursuit my sister Medea
On the way home, the Argonauts pass more challenges, including safely
navigating Scylla, the dreaded rock; Charybdis, the whirlpool; and Talus, the giant bronze
man. Upon returning, Jason finds that Pelias has killed his father and that his mother has
died of sadness. Jason and Medea plot revenge—Medea convinces Pelias’s daughters
that they will restore Pelias to youth if they kill him, chop him up, and put the pieces into
her magic pot. Out of love for their father, they slice him to bits, but Medea leaves the city,
taking her magic pot with her after first restoring Jason’s father to life.
QUESTION:
6. The Argonauts pass more challenges, including safely navigating Scylla, the dreaded
rock; Charybdis, the whirlpool; and ______________?
a. Talus, the giant bronze man
b. The symplegades, gigantic rocks
c. Magical bulls with hooves of bronze and breath of fire
Medea and Jason have two children, but Jason leaves out of personal ambition to marry
the daughter of the king of Corinth, who banishes Medea and her children. Infuriated by
the unsympathetic Jason, Medea enacts a terrible revenge, sending her two sons with a
beautiful magic robe as a gift for Jason’s new bride. When the girl dons the robe, it bursts
into flame, consuming her and the king as he rushes to her. Medea then kills the two sons
she had with Jason and flies away on a magic chariot.
QUESTION:
7. Who kill her two sons and flies away with a chariot?
a. Hecuba- I killed my the two sons Icx had with Jason
b. Juno- killed them for my revenge!
c. Medea- I who gave them life will give them death