ASSIGMENT OF MATHEMATICS

BY :DR AWAIS ASIF DATE:18/10/2018 .

LCM
Least common multiple
It is the lowest possible number divisible by all number the number
taken. This is also the 1st number that comes common in the list of
multiples {or tables} of all the numbers taken to understand this is
better .let us see the following example:
wo.01
LCM of 10 ,20, and 25
STEP 1: write the 1st few multiples of all the given above number.
10: 10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,110
20:20,40,60,80,100,120.
25:25,50,75,100,125.
STEP: note the least divisible number by all above mentioned values is
100
STEP3:hence the number is least common multiple of numbers is 100 .
IMPORTANT CONDITIONS IN LCM
> Some numbers that are less than 100 are 0, -100, -200 etc.
> NOTE: Despite these numbers being lower than 100 why these numbers are not the LCM of
taken numbers?
REASON:0 is not the multiple of 10, 20 and 25. At the same time -100, -200 are also not the multiples
of 10 or 20 or 25. Since these are not the multiples, no LCM can be extracted.
* LCM can only be found of positive fractions and natural numbers.
# LCM for negative numbers as well as zero is not defined hence no LCM of -10, -20, and -25 possible.
PROCESS TO FIND LCM
i . standard method
STEP1 factorize the number.
STEP2 collect all the distinct factors
STEP3 raise each factor to its maximum
FIND LCM OF 10,20&25.
STEP1:
10=2*1 x 5*1
20=2*2 X5*1
25= 5*2
 ASSIGMENT OF MATHEMATICS
STEP2:
2,5
STEP3:
Highest power of 2=2*2
Highest power of 5=5*2
Hence LCM = 2*2x 5*2
= 100
=> L.C.M = L.C.M of numerators / H.C.F of denominators

SHORTCUTS METHODS OF FINDING LCM

=>Listing of all multiples

=>prime factorization
=> using gird or ladder method
=> using Elucid algorithm
 ASSIGMENT OF MATHEMATICS
=>PRIME FACTORIZATION :
=> LISTING OF MULTIPLES:
. 20 , 84 20>10
LCM of 10 ,20, and 25
SOLUTION 84>10
STEP 1: write the 1st few multiples of all the
given above number. = 20=10 x 2
10: 10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,110 I = 2x2x5
20:20,40,60,80,100,120. 5x2
25:25,50,75,100,125. => 84=42x2
STEP: note the least divisible number by all I
above mentioned values is 7x6 =2x2x3x7
100 I
STEP3:hence the number is least common 2x3
multiple of numbers is 100 . =>2x2x5
=>2x2x3x7 =>2x2x3x5x7=420

USING ELUCID ALGORITHM

USING GIRD OR LADDER:
210 , 45
SOLUTION
210 , 45
210 ÷45=4 .30
2 18 30 210= 45x4+30
45+30=1.15
45=30x1+15
30÷15=2. 0
3 9 15 find the product of given numbers and
divide it with the last divisor used in
division.as
210x45=9450/15=630

3 5

2x3x3x5=90 ANSWER
 ASSIGMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Practical problems for competitive tests
1.A Radio stations is having a promotion in which every 12th caller get concert free tickets to Dubai and every 15th caller get a
free ride. Which caller will win both first.
solution
12:12,24,36,48,60,72.
15:15,30,45,60,75,100.

2. Magellan has decided to make party baskets for the fund raiser. Balloons are sold in bags of 20, party horns are sold in bags
of 10, and there are 8 candy bars in a package. How many of each should he buy so there are an equal number of balloons,
horns and candy bars in each basket?
solution
Multiples of:
8: 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 20: 20, 40, 60
10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
In order to have 40 of each item, Magellan should buy 5 packages of candy bars, 4 bags of horns and 2 bags of balloons.

3. Cups are sold 5 to a package and plates are sold 10 to a package. If you want to have the same number of each item for a
party, what is the least number of packages of each you need to buy?
solution
Multiples of
5: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 10: 10, 20, 30
You should buy 10 of each. So you need 2 package of cups (5x2=10) and 1 of plates (10x1=10). You should buy 2 packages of
cups and 1 package of plates.

4. Tony needs to ship 12 comedy DVDs, 24 animated DVDs, and 30 musical DVDs. He can pack only one type of DVD in each
box and he must pack the same number of DVDs in each box. What is the greatest number of DVDs Tony can pack in each box?
solution
Factors of
12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
30: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30
He should can pack 6 DVDs in each box.
 ASSIGMENT OF MATHEMATICS

5. Mei has 15 oranges, 9 peaches and 18 pears. She wants to put all of the fruit into baskets with each basket
having the same number of pieces of fruit in it. Without mixing the fruit, what is the greatest number of pieces of
fruit Mei can put in each basket?
solutions
Factors of
15: 1, 3, 5, 15 9: 1, 3, 9
18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
She can pack 3 pieces of fruit in each basket.

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THE END!