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Name: Jeevee M.

Mendoza
Subject: Understanding Culture, Society and Politics
Topic: Culture as a “complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values,
attitudes, laws, norms,artifacts, symbols, knowledge and everything that a person
learns and shares as a member of society.”
Instructor: Mark Christian Roble Alamazan, LPT.

CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

A. Culture is dynamic, flexible and adaptive.


Culture is continually changing (Salcedo, et. al., 2002). A group's culture is
never in permanent state. Today's practices may no longer be applicable in
the future. And is also adaptive when used by man to make the environment
viable for a stable economy. In contrast, culture is maladaptive when scarce
resources are destroyed or depleted.(Omas-as, et al.)

B. Culture is shared and contested.


Social interaction is made meaningful by the shared beliefs, values and
expectations of people. Philippine culture encourages love for God and
country, respect for law and authority and family solidarity.

c. Culture is learned through socialization and requires language or other


forms of communication. Culture is learned when you also socialize to other
people. Man acquires culture through learning via language and writing,
enabling them to pass this succeeding generations.
D. Culture is patterned and integrated.
A unified or integrated culture is one where there is conformity between
ideal norms and actual behavior. The members biological, psychological and
social needs are met.

E. Transmitted through socialization or enculturation.


Man improves on what his preceding generation has accomplished.
Culture may be transmitted by formal communication, mass communication,
suggestion and by a system of rewards and punishments.

F. Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism as orientations.


When members of a society or group consider it's culture as superior, normal
and right above cultures, ethnocentrism occurs. Example of Ethnocentrism
are Hitler's Nazi government, religions that claim to be the true religion that
guarantees salvation and a school that boasts of having the highest and most
credible educational standard. While cultural relativism, the exact opposite of
Ethnocentrism, views that a cultural practices is neither good or bad in itself
and that it's desirability depends upon their meaning, value and function in the
culture which they are part of. All cultures have customs, practices and traits
which may viewed as offensive and eccentric by other cultures.(Omas-as, et al.)

References
Omas-as, R. L., Capule, R. B., Guimpatan, J. A., Simbajon, R. L., Morales, J. C., & Fernandez, D. d. (n.d.).
General Sociology. Trinitas Publising, Inc. for PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION OF STATE
UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES (PASUC).

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