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This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be
reproduced by any process without the prior written permission of Austroads.
Project Manager
Fiona MacColl, Australian Bicycle Council
Austroads believes this publication to be correct at the time of printing and does not accept responsibility for
any consequences arising from the use of information herein. Readers should rely on their own skill and
judgement to apply information to particular issues.
Austroads profile
Austroads’ purpose is to contribute to improved Australian and New Zealand transport outcomes by:
providing expert advice to SCOT and ATC on road and road transport issues
facilitating collaboration between road agencies
promoting harmonisation, consistency and uniformity in road and related operations
undertaking strategic research on behalf of road agencies and communicating outcomes
promoting improved and consistent practice by road agencies.
Austroads membership
Austroads membership comprises the six state and two territory road transport and traffic authorities, the
Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure and Transport, the Australian Local Government Association,
and New Zealand Transport Agency. Austroads is governed by a Board consisting of the chief executive
officer (or an alternative senior executive officer) of each of its 11 member organisations:
Roads and Traffic Authority New South Wales
Roads Corporation Victoria
Department of Transport and Main Roads Queensland
Main Roads Western Australia
Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure South Australia
Department of Infrastructure, Energy and Resources Tasmania
Department of Lands and Planning Northern Territory
Department of Territory and Municipal Services Australian Capital Territory
Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure and Transport
Australian Local Government Association
New Zealand Transport Agency.
The success of Austroads is derived from the collaboration of member organisations and others in the road
industry. It aims to be the Australasian leader in providing high quality information, advice and fostering
research in the road sector.
Ministerial foreword
Learning to ride a bike is for most people a
defining moment in childhood – a first step towards
independence and a moment of dawning excitement
at being able to go further and faster than you ever
could on your own two feet.
Children in Australia love riding their bikes, This strategy is the next step in helping more
with 60% of children cycling regularly.1 Some people to realise those benefits. Building on
take that experience into adulthood, and the National Cycling Strategy 2005 - 2010, it
continue to enjoy their bikes as a cheap, identifies a series of actions to help more
healthy and fun way of getting around. people get on their bikes, and start riding for
a better life.
Too many people, however, move on to cars
and abandon their bikes to rust away in This strategy sets out a series of actions that
garages, whether for lack of opportunity, lack will help to deliver its overarching vision
of facilities, or simply lack of interest. which is to double the number of people
cycling in Australia over the next five years.
The fact is that cycling has never had so
This will require the commitment and support
many benefits – for the health of the
of governments and non-government
population, its bank balances or for the
organisations across the country.
planet; there are many reasons why it makes
sense to cycle.
1 Introduction 4
3
4
Introduction
Our vision 04
Progress over the past 5 years 14
20
08
What cycling
can do for
Australia
Progress over
the past 5 years
14
Our vision
20
Governance
& monitoring
32
End notes
36
Introduction
Gearing up for active and sustainable communities
1 Introduction
Gearing up for active and sustainable communities
provides an exciting opportunity to extend the benefits
of cycling to all.
More people in Australia are cycling than are less likely to develop a number of
ever before. Whether it is for getting from a serious illnesses, including heart disease,
to b, for keeping fit or for having fun, over type 2 diabetes and some cancers.
1.9 million people now cycle in Australia
In order to drive forward progress on
and 2008 saw the largest ever increase in
cycling and coordinate activity across the
people riding their bikes.2
country, the Australian Bicycle Council
This increase is welcome – and to be (ABC) was established in 1999 and is made
encouraged. More people on bikes means up of representatives from the
a more active, healthier population. It Commonwealth Government, each state
means fitter citizens who can live in and territory, as well as the cycling industry
cleaner, less congested cities. And it means and cyclist user groups. A key role of the
more people who can travel or enjoy ABC has been to oversee and coordinate
themselves while leaving only a fraction of the implementation of the National Cycling
the carbon footprint of other modes of Strategies (NCS) 1999 – 2004 and 2005 –
transport. 2010.
In addition to being a pleasurable and The NCS 2005 – 2010 represented a
healthy way to get around, cycling offers a significant step forward in setting out a
unique opportunity to tackle a host of coordinated framework for the development
pressing issues facing Australia. In of cycling in Australia and reaffirming the
particular, all countries need to face up to governments’ commitment to cycling as
their responsibilities to reduce their carbon both a mode of transport and as a
emissions, traffic congestion is a significant recreational pastime.
issue in Australia’s cities and there is a
There has been significant progress over
particular need to focus on preventative
the past 5 years and a raft of initiatives at
health measures in light of the ever
all levels of government and non-
increasing rate of obesity.
government organisations to encourage
There is also a strong economic case to more people to ride and to create a safe
ensuring cycling continues to play an environment for them to do so. The
integral role in any sustainable transport landmark King George Square Cycle
strategy. Not only does cycling offer Centre in the Brisbane CBD is just one
commuters the opportunity to save time, such example and shows what can be
increasing cycling can also reduce traffic achieved when stakeholders join together
congestion in peak periods and support the to make cycling a priority.
country’s flourishing bicycle industry.
However, there is still a long way to go.
More significantly for the country as a Australia does not yet have a cycling
whole, a healthier, more active population population the size of many of its
misses fewer days at work and places international counterparts and the success
fewer burdens on the health and social care of other countries shows that it is possible
services – those who take regular exercise
120,000
pressing issue facing the world today. To 100,000
help tackle this crisis, the Australian
(thousands)
80,000
Government currently has a target to reduce 60,000
the country’s carbon emissions by between
40,000
5% and 15% below 2000 levels by 2020. If a
20,000
global agreement on a an ambitious deal to
0
stabilise levels of greenhouse gases in the
1994
1996
2000
2002
2008
2010
1990
1992
1998
2004
2006
2012
2016
2018
2020
2014
10%.10
Cycling in Australia
4 Our vision
The strategy’s aim is to double the number of people
cycling in Australia by 2016.
While there has been good progress on the All levels of government, voluntary
cycling agenda, the success of other organisations, employers, schools and the
countries shows a lot more can be community have a role to play in getting
achieved. In 2001, nearly one fifth of all people onto bikes. There is a wealth of
journeys to work in Denmark were made by activity going on across the country which is
bike39. having a real impact. This needs to
continue. The programs and initiatives that
The goal for this strategy is to double the
are being implemented in each state and
number of people cycling. This is an
territory all contribute to the success of the
aspirational aim. But it is right to be
national strategy and it is right that those
ambitious. A step-change in the number of
who work in, live in and understand a local
people cycling offers an unmissable
area make decisions about the right
opportunity to improve the quality of life for
approach for that area.
all Australians in terms of a healthier, more
active, and more mobile population, with The objectives of this strategy highlight a
greater knowledge in the future about who number of issues where focus needs to be
cycles and why. maintained and issues where there needs
to be specific and new actions taken at the
To realise this ambition, it is necessary to
national level, supported by the ABC, to
build on the success so far and go further.
drive progress. The areas where it makes
Gearing up for active and sustainable
sense to take action at the national level
communities recognises that a huge
include data collection and analysis,
amount of activity goes on across the
consistent decision-making, guidance and
country that is not a direct result of, but is
sharing best practice.
an important contributor to, the national
strategy and should continue to do so. The following section describes each
priority and objective in more detail.
The strategy’s goal is underpinned by six
key priorities and objectives. These are not
intended to be a comprehensive list of all
those activities that need to happen to
achieve this goal, but are aimed at
supporting and complementing other
national strategies like the National Road
Safety Strategy 2011 - 2010.
Action points:
1 Marketing and education programs that promote the benefits of cycling and encourage people to cycle for short
personal trips will continue to be developed and implemented. These programs should target:
i) underrepresented groups, such as school children, seniors and female commuters; and
ii) both cyclists and other road users, including motorists.
2 Marketing and education programs that encourage people to take up cycling as a recreational activity will
continue to be developed and implemented. These programs should target both local residents and visitors to
the area.
3 Key stakeholders will continue to work with employers to develop cyclist-friendly workplace facilities and
projects.
Those countries that have achieved significant levels of The first action is therefore for the Commonwealth, state,
cycling activity have benefitted from extensive and territory and local governments to continue to invest in
sustained investment in their cycling networks and cycling networks and associated facilities. Specifically,
facilities. While there has been significant investment in each jurisdiction should commit to the identification of
cycling infrastructure and facilities in Australia, this dedicated funds for cycling in the relevant budget process,
momentum must be maintained if a substantial increase in in addition to funds for cycling contained in other
cycling numbers is to be achieved. Gearing up for active spending, for instance funds to build cycle lanes alongside
and sustainable communities therefore makes the new roads.
continued development of a safe, attractive cycling States, territories and local government should continue to
network to key destinations and associated facilities the invest in and develop new on-road and off-road cycle
first key objective. routes, appropriate end-of trip facilities and routes
In addition to cycle routes, a lack of end-of-trip facilities specifically for cycling tourism, as well as maintaining
has been identified as a key barrier to making cycling a existing routes and facilities.
viable option for commuters. This includes both facilities at Given the importance of end-of-trip facilities, there should
an individual’s destination for work or study as well as be a particular investment focus on these facilities,
transport interchanges. The success of the King George alongside active consideration of regulations to promote
Square Cycle Centre shows the demand for appropriate such facilities, for example, planning policies and building
and high quality facilities. standards for new offices to incorporate sufficient bike
parking and showers.
Case study: To ensure that non-cycling developments do not hinder
King George Square Cycle Centre cyclists, the ABC will ensure that all new Austroads guides
Brisbane City Centre now has state of the art facilities for recognise and promote best practice in the design and
commuters wanting to cycle to work – the Cycle2City provision of cycling infrastructure and facilities.
Cycle Centre. As part of the King George Square station in
the heart of the Brisbane CBD, Brisbane City Council and
Queensland Transport jointly funded the construction of Case study:
Centre, which provides facilities for 420 cyclists on a Trails and Bikeways Funding Program, Tasmania
membership or daily basis. Membership provides daily As part of the Trails and Bikeways Program, the
access to secure bike parking, a fresh towel, air Tasmanian Government has allocated $4 million over
conditioned locker rooms, and plenty of showers and three years for the construction of trails and city bikeways,
toilets. The Centre also provides an optional laundry in conjunction with councils and community organisations.
service and contains a full service workshop. Among others, these trails and bikeways will incorporate
components of the Hobart Regional Arterial Bicycle
Network Plan, the Launceston Arterial Bike Route Network
and the Burnie cycleway.
Action points:
1 All jurisdictions will continue to invest in developing local on-road and off-road cycling networks to key
destinations in both urban and rural areas that are consistent with national standards, and should commit to the
identification of required funds in the relevant budget processes.
2 States, territories and local government will continue to develop end-of-trip facilities that make it possible for
people to cycle, including considering the introduction of regulations, such as planning policies and building
standards, to mandate the provision of facilities.
3 Austroads will ensure that its guides recognise and promote best practice in the design and provision of cycling
infrastructure and facilities.
The needs of cyclists cannot be addressed in isolation. To build on this expertise and guidance, this strategy also
They must be considered in conjunction with wider land includes a specific action point for all states, territories and
use and transport planning issues. It is important that local local governments to ensure that all land use planning and
communities are developed in such a way that makes it infrastructure strategy documents address active transport
convenient, safe and attractive to cycle. needs. For smaller more remote local governments this
To achieve a holistic approach and commitment to cycling maybe a brief statement within a planning document.
across the country, as part of this strategy all states, While for a large metropolitan local government this would
territories and local governments will publish a cycling mean the development of a comprehensive and integrated
action plan. This should set out a target for increasing the sustainable transport plan linked to their other planning
number of people cycling, a clear road map to achieve documents and instruments.
this, including specific actions, and a commitment to An integrated cycling plan will support the requirement for
integrate cycling across its portfolios. strategic planning set out in COAG’s plan for capital cities.
A significant number of jurisdictions already have an The needs of cyclists should be embedded in the
action plan in place and it is intended that, by July 2012, mainstream business of transport organisations in each
this will be true of all states, territories and local jurisdiction. For example, the New South Wales RTA
governments. This will be a new activity for many local integrated cycling into the design of the M7 corridor
governments and that is why the ABC is committed to project.
publishing guidance on how to develop an effective A particular highlight in this sphere has been the
cycling action plan for local governments (set out under development of the ‘Healthy Spaces and Places’ planning
Priority 6 – Guidance and Best Practice). The nature and guide, a joint venture between the Planning Institute of
scope of this plan will vary for different types of Australia, the Australian Local Government Association
jurisdictions. While states, territories and large councils and the National Heart Foundation, and funded by the
will be expected to have a comprehensive action plan in Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing.
place, a policy statement may be more appropriate for
smaller councils.
Case study:
It is important to share the wealth of national and Healthy Spaces and Places
international knowledge and expertise regarding
Healthy Spaces and Places is a national guide for
integrated planning. Melbourne, for example, has taken its
planning, designing and creating sustainable communities
lead from various European cities with plans to introduce that encourage healthy living.
a bike hire scheme later this year and Darwin has led the
way in developing its cycle tourism industry. The guide has been developed in partnership by the
Planning Institute of Australia, the Australian Local
Government Association and National Heart Foundation
Case study: and with funding from the Commonwealth Department of
Cycle tourism in Darwin, Northern Territory Health and Ageing.
Darwin's flat terrain and tropical climate lend themselves to The initiative includes both a guidance document and a
cycling as a pleasant recreational pursuit and Darwin City website which provides a single source of easy-to-find,
Council has made great efforts to expand its tourism practical information from experts in health, planning,
offering by investing in a series of cycle bike paths to urban design, community safety and transport planning.
enable visitors to explore Darwin’s attractions on bicycles. Active transport, including cycling, is a key area of focus in
Visitors can go on guided bike rides, which provide an the guide, with design principles and planning
informative commentary about Darwin and North recommendations to encourage participation.
Australia’s interesting history, whilst enabling people to get
active.
Guide companies provide Avanti hybrid bicycles that are
designed for city touring, as well as tag along kids’ bikes
and infant seats.
Action points:
1 All states and territories will develop and publish state or territory cycling action plans. Action plans will include:
i) a target or set of targets consistent with a national target (see Priority 5 Action point 1) for increasing the
number of people cycling in their area;
ii) a clear road map to achieve this, including specific actions; and
iii) a commitment to integrate cycling actions across its portfolios.
2 Local governments will take into account the state and territory plans together with community aspirations,
priorities and available resources when developing local area cycling action plans. Where necessary states and
territories will provide local government support to develop their action plans.
3 All states, territories and local governments will ensure that all their land use planning and infrastructure strategy
documents take into account active transport needs.
Priority 4. Safety
Objective: Enable people to cycle safely
Despite the wide range of road safety initiatives and the Research indicates that individuals perceive cycling to
reduction in cyclist road deaths of 3% over the lifetime of be less safe than it is in reality and programs should
the NCS 2005-2010, there are still too many road crashes therefore also focus on how to shift individuals’
involving cyclists and concerns about safety remain a key perceptions of the risks associated with taking up
barrier to more people taking up cycling. That is why cycling.
tackling road safety, with a focus on the responsibilities of
cyclists, motorists and pedestrians, remains a focus for this Case study:
strategy. Social cycling in Canberra, ACT
Fully understanding the frequency and causes of cycling There are numerous events hosted in and around
crashes is critical to developing an effective prevention Canberra on a regular basis to give people an
strategy and jurisdictions are therefore required to continue opportunity to take up cycling. Pedal Power (a cycling
monitoring and reporting on crashes that involve cyclists, as advocacy organisation) organises the “Come ‘n Try” easy
well as counter-measures. rides that are targeted at beginners and those returning
To support jurisdictions in their work, the ABC will seek to to cycling. The rides are led by experienced cyclists and
partner with research institutions to continue and expand on typically finish with a social gathering at a local café or
current work to analyse the data received from states and restaurant.
territories to assess the causes of crashes and injuries and For more experienced cyclists, the Fitz’s Challenge,
make recommendations about how to increase the safety of which is in its 23rd year this year, is a long-distance ride
cyclists. that includes some of the most challenging climbs in the
Canberra Region.
Building on this information and the measures in the
National Road Safety Strategy 2011 – 2020 (including the
promotion of reduced speed limits), jurisdictions will Concerns over safety and aggression from motorists are
continue to develop and implement road safety educational seen as key deterrents, particularly for female
42
campaigns and programmes to help people understand and participation, and it is important that road safety
minimise the risks associated with cycling. campaigns do not just target regular cyclists but also
target motorists and pedestrians to increase their
awareness of the rights of cyclists and understanding of
Case study: how to interact with cyclists.
Way2Go, South Australia
The Amy Gillett Foundation, the Bicycle Federation of
The South Australian Department for Transport, Energy
Australia and Cycling Australia have worked closely
and Infrastructure assists primary schools to develop
School Travel Plans through the Way2Go program. together to develop the Austcycle cycle proficiency
training scheme which offers an invaluable framework to
Way2Go encourages safer, greener and more active
travel through classroom based teaching, skills
all jurisdictions to deliver high quality cycling training to
development (particularly through Way2Go Bike all.
Education), a partnership with local government to Building on this work, states and territories will support
address engineering and infrastructure, and resources for the roll out of a nationally consistent community bicycle
school communities to self-manage initiatives such as skills training program.
Ride to School Day and walking groups to result in more Targeting children specifically will play an important role
children safely using active travel modes for their school in ensuring a generational change in how people view
related journeys. cycling. To achieve this shift in people’s mindset, states
and territories should aim to provide cycling proficiency
and road safety training to all school students aged
between 10 and 14.
Action points:
1 All states and territories will monitor and report on crashes involving cyclists, identifying type, number and severity
of crashes for rural, regional and metropolitan areas.
2 All states and territories will identify appropriate counter measures for bicycle crashes for rural, regional and
metropolitan areas.
3 The ABC will seek to partner with research institutions to continue and expand on current work to analyse the data
received from states and territories to assess the causes of crashes and injuries and make recommendations about
how to increase the safety of cyclists.
4 All jurisdictions will continue to develop and implement programs that target road safety and people’s perception of
the safety of cycling.
5 States and territories will facilitate the roll out of a nationally consistent community bicycle skills training program,
including trials where appropriate.
6 States and territories should aim to support the delivery of cycling proficiency and related road safety training for all
school students aged between 10 and 14.
Cycling is viewed as having a number of potential benefits The ABC will therefore develop a national decision making
across a range of key portfolios. Furthermore, anecdotal process for cycling, including a robust basis for assessing
evidence suggests that cycling programs are having an the costs and benefits of cycling. This will set out a range
impact and are helping to increase the number of people of criteria against which investment proposals can be
cycling in Australia. However, cycling is not underpinned assessed.
by the robust data sets and robust investment appraisal This could include criteria such as user time savings,
tools that are widely used by the road and rail industries. traffic congestion impacts, connectivity, and environmental
In particular, while there are a range of data sources impacts.
available, a consistent picture of the numbers of people Supported by such a process, advocates and decision
cycling across the country is not available. Developing this makers in the cycling sphere will be far better equipped to
picture is critical to understanding current cycling levels make the case for cycling and therefore provide a stronger
and how much progress needs to be made to achieve the justification for attracting the funding required to create the
vision of doubling cycling participation. infrastructure to underpin future growth in cycling.
The first action point under this objective is to agree on Providing these tools will also help decision-makers give
the key data sets (such as numbers cycling to work/study, credence to applications for funding and consider them
numbers cycling for recreational purposes and cycling equally alongside applications for other forms of transport
incidents) that will be collected and a consistent as they will be able to clearly demonstrate and quantify
nationwide approach to collecting this data. the potential benefits of cycling.
Based on this data collection approach, ABC members RTA’s work on developing a methodology for quantifying
will be required to develop and agree a baseline for the the costs and benefits of cycling in NSW offers a valuable
number of people cycling and set a clear and specific framework for further work.
target to achieve the strategy’s aim of doubling the
number of people cycling over its lifetime. Given the
limitations of existing datasets (such as the frequency of Case study:
ABS data), this target should be structured as a composite Evaluation of the costs and benefits of cycling initiatives in
indicator, reflecting cycling for the purpose of travelling to NSW, NSW Roads and Traffic Authority (RTA)
work/study, recreational cycling and bicycle ownership. NSW RTA commissioned a CBA of financial investment in
Once a consistent data collection approach has been cycling programs and projects in NSW. This review for the
developed, ABC representatives will be required to submit NSW BikePlan Project Team estimated the monetary
the data collection results to the ABC annually, thus giving value of the benefits of investing in the 12 major missing
links of the Sydney regional cycle network. This included
a clear picture on a regular basis of progress against the
estimating the health impacts associated with increased
strategy. cycling for specific groups in the community, decongestion,
Furthermore, there is not yet a consistent approach to environmental, and social capital benefits.
measuring the potential impact of investments in cycling.
While there have been a range of initiatives, cycling has This assessment concluded that there were net benefits
from investing in these cycling initiatives and provided an
not been supported by high level investment – a crucial
important contribution to the development of a nationally
tool to realising real change. accepted CBA framework.
Action points:
1 States and territories will agree a baseline and target for measuring progress against the goal to double cycling
participation across Australia. This target should be structured as a composite indicator, reflecting cycling for the
purpose of travelling to work/study, recreational cycling and bicycle ownership.
2 All states and territories will develop and implement a nationwide approach to data collection and will submit
annual monitoring reports to the ABC Secretariat.
3 The ABC will develop an agreed decision-making process, including a robust basis for assessing the costs and
benefits of investment in cycling.
While it is important that states and territories have the Local governments play a critical role in the planning and
flexibility to determine key priorities in their areas, there delivery of local services and it is important that the ABC
are some issues on which coordinated action at the recognises and supports this role.
national level is required. This is either because it is In order to facilitate local governments in their delivery, the
important to have a consistent approach (for instance for ABC will undertake the following activities:
import standards) or simply because it is more efficient for
conduct a new local government survey in 2012,
states and territories to work together rather than
as part of the longitudinal study commenced in
undertake separate sets of research and develop eights
policies (for instance accreditation standards). 2007;
Such issues tend to come up on an ad hoc basis and it is develop guidance for local governments on how to
recommended that these issues should be considered as develop an effective cycling plan;
they arise and taken forward as appropriate. The ABC, engage with local governments on a regular basis
and its members, will horizon scan to identify such issues in each state and territory; and
as they arise and take action. further develop its relationship with Australian
However, during the consultation process, a number of tertiary education institutions to build technical
issues were identified where ABC members would capacity in local governments by ensuring
welcome some guidance at the national level and it is sustainable transport issues are reflected in
therefore recommended that the ABC support the research, vocational and academic programs.
development of nationally consistent guidance on the
This strategy highlights the creativity and innovation that
following issues as part of this strategy:
are flourishing in the cycling industry across the country
developing standardised cycle route classification and it is critical that advantage is taken of those
and web-based cycle route mapping; experiences and lessons, and avoid reinventing the wheel
how best to integrate cycling and public transport; where possible.
reviewing the Australian Road Rules in relation to The ABC provides an excellent forum by which state and
cyclists and promoting amendments to make territory representatives can share knowledge and ideas
cycling safer, for example regarding roundabouts and the Cycling Resource Centre is widely heralded a
and on–road cycle lanes; great success. However, there needs to be a more
consistent mechanism to share case studies and ensure
information in bike shops on local cycling matters, that everyone can benefit from this experience and
such as cycle routes, social groups and events; expertise.
and A key action point emerging from this strategy is that all
low cost innovations (for example, lowering the ABC representatives will provide detailed information
speed limit increases safety and costs virtually about the content, outcomes and lessons from initiatives
nothing) that will enable or encourage increased in their area and share these with the ABC Secretariat
cycling. who can ensure that they are disseminated more widely
via the CRC.
Action points:
1 The ABC will support the publication of nationally consistent guidance on the following issues:
i) developing standardised cycle route classification and web-based cycle route mapping ;
ii) how best to integrate cycling and public transport;
iii) reviewing the Australian Road Rules in relation to cyclists and promoting amendments to make cycling
safer, for example regarding roundabouts and on–road cycle lanes;
iv) information in bike shops on local cycling matters, such as cycle routes, social groups and events; and
v) low cost innovations (for example, lowering the speed limit increases safety and costs virtually nothing) that
will enable or encourage increased cycling.
2 To support local governments, the ABC will:
i) conduct a new local government survey in 2012, as part of the longitudinal study commenced in 2007;
ii) develop guidance for local governments on how to develop an effective cycling plan;
iii) engage with local governments on a regular basis in each state and territory, including organising forums;
and
iv) further develop its relationship with Australian tertiary education institutions to build technical capacity in
local governments by ensuring sustainable transport issues are reflected in research, vocational and
academic programs.
3 The ABC will monitor cycling policy issues and identify new areas which require guidance.
4 Individual members of the ABC will provide detailed information about best practice case studies for inclusion on
the Cycling Resource Centre, including lessons learned and details of relevant contacts.
1. Cycling Promote (i) Marketing and education programs that Commonwealth, Ongoing
promotion cycling as both promote the benefits of cycling and state, territory and
a viable and encourage people to cycle for short local governments
personal trips will continue to be developed (including
safe mode of
and implemented. transport, health
transport and These programs should target: and environment
an enjoyable representatives)
a) underrepresented groups, such as
recreational
school children, seniors and female Non-government
activity
commuters; and cycling
b) both cyclists and other road users, organisations
including motorists and pedestrians. Members of the
bicycle industry
2. Infrastructure Create a (i) All jurisdictions will continue to invest in Commonwealth, Ongoing
and facilities comprehensive developing local on-road and off-road state, territory &
and continuous cycling networks to key destinations in both local governments
urban and rural areas that are consistent
network of safe
with national standards, and should commit
and attractive to the identification of required funds in the
routes to cycle relevant budget processes.
and end-of-trip
facilities (ii) States, territories and local government Commonwealth, Ongoing
will continue to develop end-of-trip facilities state, territory &
that make it possible for people to cycle, local governments
including considering the introduction of
regulations, such as planning policies and
building standards, to mandate the
provision of facilities.
(iii) Austroads will ensure that its guides Austroads Ongoing
recognise and promote best practice in the
design and provision of cycling
infrastructure and facilities.
3. Integrated Consider (i) All states and territories will develop and Each individual States and
planning and address publish state or territory cycling action state, and territory territories to
cycling needs plans. Action plans will include: complete by
a target or set of targets consistent with December
in all relevant
a national target (see Priority 5 Action 2012, in line
transport and with the
land use point 1) for increasing the number of
people cycling in their area; COAG’s
planning requirements
activities a clear road map to achieve this,
including specific actions; and
a commitment to integrate cycling
actions across its portfolios.
(ii) Local governments will take into account Local governments Local
the state and territory plans together with governments
community aspirations, priorities and to complete by
available resources when developing local December
area cycling action plans. Where 2013 following
necessary states and territories will provide the publication
local government support to develop their of guidance
action plans.
(iii) All states, territories and local State, territory and Ongoing
governments will ensure that all their land local governments
use planning and infrastructure strategy
documents take into account active
transport needs.
4. Safety Enable people (i) All states and territories will monitor and State and territory Ongoing
to cycle safely report on crashes involving cyclists, governments
identifying type, number and severity of
crash and identifying appropriate counter
measures for rural, regional and
metropolitan areas.
(ii) The ABC will seek to partner with ABC members Ongoing
research institutions to continue and
expand on current work to analyse the data
received from states and territories to
assess the causes of crashes and injuries
and make recommendations about how to
increase the safety of cyclists
(iii) All jurisdictions will continue to develop States, territories Ongoing
and implement programs that target road and local
safety and people’s perception of the safety governments
of cycling.
(iv) States and territories will facilitate the State, territory and Ongoing
roll local governments
out of a nationally consistent community
bicycle skills training program, including
trials where appropriate.
(v) States and territories should aim to State and Ongoing
support the delivery of cycling proficiency territories
and related road safety training for all
school students aged between 10 and 14.
5. Monitoring Improve (i) States and territories will agree a States and Baseline and
and monitoring baseline and target for measuring progress territories target to be
evaluation and evaluation against the goal to double cycling agreed by
participation. This target should be July 2011
of cycling
structured as a composite indicator,
programs reflecting cycling for the purpose of
and develop travelling to work/study, recreational cycling
a national and bicycle ownership.
decision-
making (ii) All states and territories will develop and State, territory and Approach to
process for implement a nationwide approach to data local governments be agreed by
investment collection and will submit annual monitoring &
reports to the ABC Secretariat. implemented
in cycling
from
December
2011
(iii) The ABC will develop an agreed ABC members Completed by
decision-making process, including a robust December
basis for assessing the costs and benefits 2011
of investment in cycling.
6. Guidance Development (i) The ABC will support the publication of ABC members Completed by
and best of nationally nationally consistent guidance on the December
practice consistent following issues: 2012
guidance for developing standardised cycle route
stakeholders to classification and web-based cycle
use and share route mapping;
best practice how best to integrate cycling and public
across transport;
jurisdictions reviewing the Australian Road Rules in
relation to cyclists and promoting
amendments to make cycling safer, for
example regarding roundabouts and
on–road cycle lanes;
information in bike shops on local
cycling matters, such as cycle routes,
social groups and events; and
low cost innovations (for example,
lowering the speed limit increases
safety and costs virtually nothing) that
will enable or encourage increased
cycling.
(ii) To support local governments, the ABC ABC members Completed by
will: December
conduct a new local government 2012
survey in 2012, as part of the
longitudinal study commenced in 2007;
develop guidance for local
governments on how to develop an
effective cycling plan;
engage with local governments on a
regular basis in each state and
territory. Including organising forums;
and
further develop its relationship with the
Australian tertiary education institutions
to build technical capacity in local
governments by ensuring sustainable
transport issues are reflected in
research, vocational and academic
programs.
(iv) The ABC will monitor cycling policy ABC members Ongoing
issues and proactively identify new areas
which require guidance.
(v) Individual members of the ABC will ABC members Ongoing
proactively provide detailed information
about best practice case studies for
inclusion on the Cycling Resource Centre,
including lessons learned and details of
relevant contacts.
5 Governance
& monitoring
The strategy needs to be regularly monitored
to assess progress.
Local Government
ATC
(Roads and Transport Ministers) a nominee of the Australian Local
Government Association
Bicycle industry
SCOT
(Heads of Roads and a representative of Bicycle Industries
Transport Agencies) Australia Inc.
a representative of Retail Cycle Traders
Australia Inc.
Austroads
(Association of Australian and Cyclist user groups
New Zealand road transport and
traffic authorities) a representative from a national body for
bicycle users
Australian Observers
Bicycle Council a nominee of New Zealand Transport
Agency.
6 End notes
1 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2009): Children's Participation in Cultural and Leisure Activities,
Cat. No. 4901.0
2 Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing and Australian Sports Commission (2008):
Participation in Exercise, Recreation and Sport, Annual Report 2008,
http://www.ausport.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/304384/ERASS_Report_2008.pdf
3 Economist Intelligence Unit (2010): Global liveability report,
http://www.eiu.com/site_info.asp?info_name=The_Global_Liveability_Report&page=noads&rf=0
4 Commonwealth of Australia BITRE (2007): Estimating urban traffic and congestion cost trends for
Australian cities, Working Paper No.71 p92 http://www.btre.gov.au/publications/56/Files/wp71.pdf
5 Dodson, J., Sipe, R. and Gavin, N. (2006): Shocking the suburbs: Urban location, housing debt and oil
vulnerability in the Australian city, Urban Research Program, Griffith University, Brisbane
6 Victoria Transport Policy Institute: Transportation Cost and Benefit Analysis II – Congestion Costs
7 Dekoster, J., Schollaert, U.(2000): Cycling: the way ahead for towns and cities, European Commission,
Directorate-General for the Environment
8 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2009): Environmental issues: Waste Management and Transport Use,
Cat. no. 4602.0.55.002
9 Source: City of Muenster
10 Commonwealth Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency, website,
http://www.climatechange.gov.au/en/government/reduce/national-targets.aspx
11 Commonwealth Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency: Quarterly Update of Australia’s
National Greenhouse Gas Inventory September Quarter 2009, http://www.climatechange.gov.au
12 Victoria Transport Policy Institute: Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Strategies,
http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm59.htm
13 World Health Organisation: Information sheet on physical activity,
http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/media/en/gsfs_pa.pdf
14 Medibank Private (October 2008) The cost of physical inactivity
15 Australian Bureau of Statistics: National Health Survey: Summary of Results 2007-08 Cat. No 4364
16 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2009): Australian Social Trend – Children who are overweight or obese
Cat. no 4102.0
17 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: Australia’s Health 2006, AIHW Catalogue AUS73
18 Mackett, R.L (2005): The therapeutic value of children's everyday travel, Transportation Research:
Part A: Policy and Practice 39(2-3): p. 205 - 219
19 Medibank Private (October 2008): The cost of physical inactivity
20 Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing and Australian Sports Commission (2008):
Participation in Exercise, Recreation and Sport, Annual Report 2008,
http://www.ausport.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/304384/ERASS_Report_2008.pdf
21 Australian Bureau of Statistics (2009): Environmental issues: Waste Management and Transport Use,
Cat. no. 4602.0.55.002
22 National Roads and Motorists’ Association (2004): Vehicle Operating Costs: Passenger Cars
23 Tranter, Paul: ‘Effective Speeds: Car Costs are Slowing Us Down’, Australian Greenhouse Office (2004),
http://www.environment.gov.au/settlements/transport/publications/pubs/effectivespeeds.pdf