Experiment # 3

CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

ELLA MAY T. VENTURA

BSRT RAD 1-2
GROUP #4

SIR ROLLY O. ORAA

September 19, 2019

Criteria Excellent Very Satisfac- Satisfactory Developing

tory

Neatness and Organization 6 4 3 2

Cover Page 4 3 2 1

Abstract 12 9 6 3

Introduction 8 6 4 2

Procedure 8 6 4 2

Data and Results 4 3 2 1

Interpretation of Data and Results 16 12 8 4

Conclusion 8 6 4 2

References 4 3 2 1

TOTAL _______ / 70
 ABSTRACT

Energy is a scalar quantity that is abstract but cannot be perceived. It is also one of the
main concepts of science. According to the Law of Thermodynamics, which is the Law of Con-
servation of Energy, energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it can be transformed or trans-
ferred into a different type or form of energy. In modern times, there are many examples of energy
transformations. For example, windmills, solar panels, and other various energy sources. The
group used the Explorer GLX to record the position of the ball below the sensor and it’s velocity.
The experiment was done 10 times, and the in the data recorded, the Potential Energy and Kinetic
Energy was computed, then the Percentage difference of the 2 energies. The group then found that
the farther the vertical distance of the ball, the lower the Potential Energy, and the higher the Ki-
netic Energy, and vice versa. Therefore, the researchers verified the Law of Conservation of En-
ergy, and confirmed the relationship between the kinetic and gravitational potential energy, which
is that they are inversely proportional to each other.

INTRODUCTION

Energy is a scalar quantity that is abstract but cannot be perceived. It is also one of the
main concepts of science. It may exist in different forms, and according to the Law of Thermo-
dynamics, which is the Law of the Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created
nor can it be destroyed. Meaning, energy can only be transferred or transformed from one energy
to another. Solar panels, hydroelectric power plants, are other examples of these.

Energy can be classified into two categories, Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy. Ki-
netic Energy is the energy of a moving object, and Potential Energy is the energy of an object
that is at rest. An object with Kinetic Energy can be converted into Potential Energy when the
object is stopped in it’s motion. The same goes for an object with Potential Energy, it is when an
object that at rest is affected by an external force to move, it’s energy becoming Kinetic Energy.
 SCHEMATIC PROCEDURE

Set the range on the switch

top of the Motion Sensor to far
SET UP THE APPARATUS
settings. Adjust the height of
AS SHOWN.
the sensor on with at least 2m
above the surface of the floor.

Press the play button of the

Weigh the mass of the ball in
grams. Then hold the ball
15cm directly below the
mounted Motion Sensor.
Xplorer GLX. Then release the
ball dropping straight down
from the Motion Sensor to the
Floor. Press the play button
again to stop data recording.

Record all the valid data. 10

data should be recorded. But if Compute all the data needed
10 data where not valid in one in the table
trial repeat the 4th step.

DATA AND RESULTS

Mass of the ball: 9.83g

Trial Y (m) V (m/s) GPE (J) KE (J) Percentage Difference

1 0.420 2.90 40.46 41.34 2.16

2 0.530 3.23 51.06 51.28 0.43
3 0.564 3.33 54.33 54.50 0.31
4 0.392 2.79 37.76 38.26 1.32
5 0.481 3.08 46.34 44.53 3.98
6 0.523 3.20 50.38 50.35 0.09
 7 0.500 3.13 48.17 48.15 0.42
8 0.510 3.18 49.13 49.70 1.15
9 0.620 3.51 59.73 60.55 1.36
10 0.614 3.48 59.15 59.52 0.62

INTERPRETATION OF DATA AND RESULTS

The table shows relationship between the vertical distance, velocity, Potential and Kinetic
energy of the ball. As it is seen in the data above, it can be observed that the farther the vertical
distance of the ball, the lower the Potential Energy, and the higher the Kinetic Energy, and vice
𝟏
versa. To get the GPE, the group used the formula GPE=mgh. For the KE, we used 𝑲𝑬 = 𝟐 𝒎𝒗𝟐 .
𝑮𝑷𝑯−𝒌𝑬
And to get the percentage difference, the group computed using the formula, ⋅ 𝑮𝑷𝑯+𝒌𝑬 × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟐

CONCLUSION

The group has observed that from the experiment, it verified the law of conservation. A ball
that is released from rest changes it’s energy from Potential to Kinetic, while a falling ball the
moment it hits the floor changes it’s kinetic energy to potential energy. Meaning, the energy from
the ball does not vanish, but it only transforms one form of energy to another form of energy. The
relationship between kinetic and gravitational potential energy is that they are inversely propor-
tional. The higher the kinetic energy, the lower the gravitational potential energy. The higher the
gravitational potential energy, the lower the kinetic energy.
REFERENCES

Elert, (2018). Types of energy. https://www.solarschools.net/knowledge-bank/energy/types

Lumen, (2018). What is energy?. https://physics.info/energy/