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B N M Institute of Technology

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Question Bank - Module 1


Fundamental Concepts and Definitions, Work and Heat

Sem. : 3 Date : 30-08-18


Sub. : Basic Thermodynamics Sub. Code : 17ME33

Sl.No. Questions
Distinguish between i) Intensive and Extensive properties, ii)Microscopic and Macroscopic point
1.
of view, iii) Adiabatic and diathermic system boundary
2. Illustrate the working of a constant volume gas thermometer for temperature measurement.
State zeroth law of thermodynamics. The temperature T on a thermometric scale is defined as
3. T = na K + b where a and b are constant. The values of K are found to be 1.83 and 6.78 at 0◦ C
and 100◦ C respectively. Calculate the temperature for a value of K corresponding to 2.42.
Estimate the % variation in temperature reading from a thermocouple having its test junction
in gas and other reference junction at ice point. The temperature of gas using gas thermometer
4. us found to be 50◦ C. Thermocouple is calibrated with emf varying linearly between ice point
and steam point when thermocouples test junction is kept in gas at t◦ C and reference junction
at ice point, the emf produced in millivolts is e = 0.18t − 5.2 ∗ 10−4 t2 .
A constant volume gas thermometer containing helium gas gives reading of gas pressure 1000 mm
and 1366 mm of mercury at ice point and steam point respectively. i)Express the gas thermome-
5.
ter temperature in terms of gas pressure. ii) If the thermometer registers 1075mm of mercury,
determine the temperature.
The resistance of the windings in a certain motor is found to be 80 Ω at room temperature
(25◦ C) under steady state conditions operating at the load, the motor is switched off and the
6. resistance of the windings, immediately measured again is found to be 93 Ω. The windings are
made of copper whose resistance at temperature t◦ C is given by Rt = Ro (1 + 3.93 ∗ 10−3 t) where
Ro is resistance at 0◦ C. Find the temperature attained by the coil during full load.
7. Define mean free path and hence differentiate between macroscopic and microscopic approaches.
Clearly distinguish between heat and work from the point of view and in the following pair of
interactions identify which is heat and which is work. A patient is sitting with a thermometer in
8.
his mouth and a BP apparatus attached to his hand. The mercury column in both instruments
goes up.
Classify the following properties as extensive or intensive. i) Refractive index of a glass slab.
ii) Velocity of a bullet. iii) Energy required to lift a bucket of water. iv) Specific heat of a
9.
substance. v) Molecular weight. vi) Quality of steam. vii) No. of students in a class. viii)
Concentration of milk
Classify the following into open, closed and isolated system: i) Steam turbine ii) Steam power
10. plant iii)Water pump iv) Radiator of a car v) Scooter engine vi)Thermosflask vii) Pressure
cooker viii) Condenser ix) Tree x) Printer
A new scale N of temperature is devised in which the ice point is assigned 100◦ N , and the steam
11.
point is assigned 400◦ N . Establish the relationship between the N scale and the Celsius scale.

Module 1 Page 1 of 3 17ME33


With suitable examples define work from thermodynamics point of view. Show that work is a
12. path function. Does heat transfer inevitably causes a temperature rise? What is the other cause
for rise in temperature?
13. List the dissimilarities between heat and work. Show that heat transfer is a path function.
Starting from a convenient common state point on a p − V diagram, show the four expansion
14. processes for n = 0, 1, γ, ∞. What are these processes called obtain expression for work done
during these processes.
150 kJ of work is done on a closed system. If the initial volume of the system is 0.6 m3 and
15. pressure of the system varies as follows: p = (8 − 4V ), where pressure p is in bar and volume V
is in m3 . Determine the final pressure and volume of the system.
The piston of an oil engine of area 0.0045 m2 moves downwards by 75 mm,drawing 0.00028 m3
of fresh air from the atmosphere. The pressure in the cylinder is uniform during the process at
16.
80 kP a, while atmospheric pressure is 101.375 kP a, the difference being due to the flow resistance
in the induction pipe and the inlet valve. Estimate the displacement work done by air.
A vehicle of 1500 kg is running at a speed of 60 kmph. The brakes are suddenly applied and the
17. vehicle is brought to rest. Calculate the rise in temperature of brake shoes if their mass is 15 kg.
kJ
Take specific heat of brake shoe material as 0.46 kg.K .
2
A perfect gas is undergoing a process in which T αV 5 . Calculate the work done by the gas in
18. going from state 1 in which pressure is 100 bar and volume is 4 m3 to the state 2 at which volume
is 2 m3 . Also calculate the final pressure.
A fluid undergoes the following processes in sequence to complete a cycle: i) Heated reversibly
at constant pressure of 1.05 bar until it has a volume of 0.02 m3 . ii) It is then compressed
reversibly according to a law pV = Constant to a pressure of 4.2 bar. iii)It is then allowed
19. to expand reversibly according to a lawpV 1.3 = Constant.iv)Finally it is heated at constant
volume back to initial conditions. If the work done during the constant pressure process is
515 N m, calculate the net work done on or by the cycle. Calculate the power if system makes
50 cycles per minute. Sketch the cycle on a pV diagram.
A spherical balloon has an initial diameter of 25 cm and contains air at 1.2 bar. Because of
heating, the diameter of the balloon increases to 30 cm and during the heating process the
20.
pressure inside the balloon is found to be proportional to the diameter, calculate the work done
during the process.
A system containing 5 kg of a substance is stirred with a torque of 1 N m at a speed of 500 rpm
21. for 24 hrs. The system meanwhile expands from 1.5 m3 to 2 m3 against a constant pressure of
5 bar. determine the magnitude and direction of net energy transfer.
A balloon of flexible material is to be filled with air from a storage bottle unit. It has a
volume of 0.7 m3 . The atmospheric pressure is 1.013 bar. Determine the work done by the
22.
system comprising the air initially in the bottle, given that the balloon is light and requires no
stretching.
A fluid at 0.7 bar occupying 0.09 m3 is compressed reversibly to a pressure of 3.5 bar according
to a law pV n = Constant. The fluid is then heated reversibly at constant volume until the
pressure is 4 bar, the specific volume is then 0.5 m3 /kg. a reversible expansion according to a
23.
law pV 2 = Constant, restores the fluid to its initial state. Sketch the cycle on a pV diagram
and calculate, i) the mass of fluid present ii) the value os ’n’ in the first process iii) the net work
of the cycle.

Module 1 Page 2 of 3 17ME33


A piston device contains 0.05 m3 of a gas initially at 200 kP a. At this stage a linear spring
having a spring constant of 150 kN /m is touching the piston but exerting no force on it. Now
heat is transferred to the gas, causing the piston to rise and to compress the spring until the
24.
volume inside the cylinder doubles. If the cross sectional area of the piston is 0.25 m2 , determine,
i) a final pressure inside the cylinder, ii) total work done by the gas and iii) the fraction of work
done against the spring to compress it.

Module 1 Page 3 of 3 17ME33

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