Chemical Engineering Refresher Course

b. 2.97x10-4 d. 4.41x10-4
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES

Physical Chemistry

1. The volume of a vacuum manifold used to transfer gases is calibrated 11. All of the following have standard enthalpy of formation values of
using Boyle’s law. A 0.251-dm3 flask at a pressure of 697 Torr is zero at 250C except
attached, and after system pump down, the manifold is at 10.4 Torr. The a. Cl2 (g) c. Na (g)
stopcock between the manifold and flask is opened and the system b. O2 (g) d. N2 (g)
reaches an equilibrium pressure of 287 Torr. Assuming isothermal 12. A process is said to be isentropic if and only if
conditions, what is the volume of the manifold? a. the process is reversible
a. 0.29 dm3 c. 0.44 dm3 b. the process is adiabatic
b. 0.36 dm 3
d. 0.50 dm3 c. the process is both adiabatic and reversible
2. Equal numbers of moles of helium, argon and neon are placed in a d. the process is neither adiabatic nor reversible
glass vessel at room temperature. If the vessel has a pinhole-sized leak,
which of the following will be true regarding the relative values of the For numbers 13 to 14:
partial pressures of the gases remaining in the vessel after some of the Naphthalene melts at 80.20C. If the vapor pressure of the liquid is 10 torr
gas mixture has effused? at 85.8 and 40 torr at 119.30C.
a. PHe > PNe > PAr c. PAr > PNe > PHe
b. PNe > PAr > PHe d. PNe = PHe = PAr 13. Calculate the normal boiling point.
a. 453 K c. 550 K
3. A closed flask contains equal molar amounts of F 2, 16O2, 18O2, and UF6 b. 467 K d. 489 K
at room temperature. If a small hole is cut in one side, and the speed of
the gas molecules escaping into a vacuum is measured, which of the 14. Calculate the entropy of vaporization at the boiling point.
following statements is true? a. 99 J/mol-K c. 9.9 J/mol-K
a. The speeds are the same because the temperature is the same. b. 99 kJ/mol-K d. 9.9 kJ/mol-K
b. The two oxygen molecules have the same speed.
c. UF6 is slowest because it is the heaviest. 15. The temperature dependence of the vapor pressure of solid and
d. The speeds depend upon the gas kinetic collision rate, and hence on liquid SO2 can be approximated by the following relationship
the total pressure inside. respectively:
log (P/torr) = 10.5916-1871.1/(T/K)
4. O2 gas effused through a pinhole in 5 sec. How long will it take an log (P/torr) = 8.31286-1425.7/(T/K)
equivalent amount of CO2 to effuse under the same conditions? Estimate the pressure of the triple point of SO2.
a. 4.3 s c. 5.9 s a. 111 torr c. 1045 torr
b. 3.8 s d. 2.2 s b. 11.1 torr d. 1.045 torr

For numbers 5 to 6: 16. The molar volume of benzene (l) is 88.9 cc at 20°C and 1 atm
The density of a saturated hydrocarbon containing 80% weight carbon pressure. Find the value of ΔG for the compression of 1 mole of the
was measured against pressure at 20 0C according to the following data: liquid from 1 to 100 atm.
a. 254 calories c. 222 calories
Density, g/L 0.298 0.692 1.18 1.784 2.491 b. 287 calories d. 213 calories
8
P, atm 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 17. Calculate the change in the molar Gibbs free energy of hydrogen gas
when it is compressed isothermally from 1 atm to 100 atm at 298K.
5. What is the exact molecular weight of the gaseous hydrocarbon? a. 15 kJ/mol c. -15 kJ/mol
a. 29.675 g/mol c. 30.891 g/mol b. 11 kJ/mol d. -11 kJ/mol
b. 30.187 g/mol d. 31.042 g/mol
18. For a particular chemical reaction, ΔH˚ is positive and ΔS˚ is
6. What is the exact molecular weight of the gaseous hydrocarbon? negative. Which of the
a. CH4 c. C2H2 following statements about the spontaneity of the reaction under
b. C2H6 d. C2H4 standard conditions is
TRUE?
7. When evacuated or empty a gas density bulb weighs 29.3215 g. First, a. The reaction will be spontaneous only if the magnitude of ΔH˚ is large
CO2 gas was used to fill the bulb at 40 0C and 1 atm and it weighed enough to cover the unfavorable entropy change.
30.0079 g. The bulb was then evacuated and filled with a mixture of CO b. The reaction will be spontaneous only if the magnitude of ΔS˚ is large
and CO2 under the same temperature and pressure. With this mixture enough to overcome the unfavorable enthalpy change.
the bulb weighed 29.9332. Determine the % CO by mole of in the c. The reaction will be spontaneous regardless of the magnitudes of ΔH˚
mixture. and ΔS˚.
a. 10% c. 40% d. The reaction cannot be spontaneous.
b. 20% d. 30%
19. Calculate △H0298 for the reaction
8. In an Ostwald viscometer, assuming all other parameters constant, the (1) CdSO4 (s) + H2O(g) = CdSO4 x H2O(s)
viscosity of an unknown fluid changes by a factor of _ if f the radius is Using the information that
halved. (2) CdSO4 (s) + 400 H2O(l) = CdSO4 in 400 H2O △H0 = -10977 cal
a. 1/4 c. 1/8 (3) CdSO4 x H2O(s) + 399 H2O(l) = CdSO4 in 400 H2O △H0 = -6095 cal
b. 1/16 b. 1/32 (4) H2O(g) = H2O(l) △H0 = -9717 cal
a. -14.6 kcal/mol c. -15.0 kcal/mol
9. The pressure head under which a fluid is moving through a 3 mm b. -18.2 kcal/mol d. -12.7 kcal/mol
tube, which is 78.74 inches long, is 6.5 N/cm 2. If 0.04 m3 of this fluid
passes through a capillary tube every 1 minute, what is the viscosity of For numbers 20 to 23:
this fluid? When 1 mol of water is vaporized at 100 0C and 1 atm pressure, the
a. 9.7x105 Pa-s c. 9.1x105 Pa-s pressure increase is 30.19 dm3. Calculate the following:
5
b. 9.1x10- Pa-s d. 9.7x10-5 Pa-s
20. Work done by the system
10. A gas obeys the van der Waals equation with Pc = 3.04x106 Pa and a. 2.11 kJ/mol c. 1.95 kJ/mol
Tc=473 K. Calculate the van der Waals constant b for this gas in m3/mol. b. 3.06 kJ/mol d. 4.50 kJ/mol
a. 1.62x10-4 c. 3.08x10-4
 Chemical Engineering Refresher Course
33. Three salts are dissolved in one solution: Mg(NO3)2 - 0.003, MgSO4
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
-0.005, K2SO4 - 0.007 mol dm-3. Calculate the ionic strength of the
solution.
21. Change in internal energy a. 0.04 mol/L c. 0.05 mol/L
a. 37.5 kJ/mol c. 12.2 kJ/mol b. 0.06 mol/L d. 0.07 mol/L
b. 95.1 kJ/mol d. 69.3 kJ/mol
Environmental Engineering
22. Change in Gibbs energy
a. 13.4 kJ/mol c. 0 kJ/mol 34. A global treaty that aims to diminish and eventually phase out
b. 54.7 kJ/mol d. 28.9 kJ/mol chlorofluorocarbons.
a. Stockholm Convention c. Kyoto Protocol
23. Change in entropy b. Montreal Protocol d. Bassel Convention
a. 295 J/mol-K c. 332 J/mol-K
b. 109 J/mol-K d. 467 J/mol-K 35. Ecological Solid Waste Act of 2000 is otherwise known as
a. RA 6969 c. RA 9003
24. Which of the following reaction will result to an increase in entropy? b. RA 8749 d. RA 9275
a. H2O (l) = H2O (s)
b. 2 O2 (g) + 2 SO (g) = 2 SO3 (g) 36. Class of water intended for primary contact recreation such as
c. 2 CH3OH (g) + 2 O2 (g) = 2 CO2 (g) + 4 H2O (l) bathing, swimming, skidiving, etc
d. I2 (s) = I2 (l) a. Class AA c. Class B
b. Class A d. Class C

25. The equilibrium constant for the reaction below is 20.0 at 40.0 °C: 37. Water containing less than 500 ppm dissolved common salt, sodium
H2 + I2  2HI chloride, such as that in groundwater, rivers, ponds, and lakes.
The vapor pressure of solid iodine is 0.10 bar at that temperature. If 12.7 a. potable water c. marine water
g of solid iodine are placed in a 10-dm3 vessel at 40.0 °C, what is the b. navigable water d. fresh water
minimum amount of hydrogen gas that must be introduced in order to
remove all the solid iodine? 38. Which of the acid combination is the dominant composition of acid
a. 0.012 mol c. 0.044 mol rain?
b. 0.027 mol d. 0.063 mol a. nitric acid and carbonic acid
b. nitric acid and sulfuric acid
26. At 250C, for the reaction: 2 NO2 (g) = N2O4 (g), the values of ∆H0 and c. carbonic acid and sulfuric acid
d. none of the above
∆S0 are -58.03 kJ/mol and -176.6 J/K-mol, respectively. Calculate the
value of K at 250C.
39. What effect can the presence of a large amount of biodegradable
a. 0.876 c. 8.76
organic materials in water have?
b. 87.6 d. 876
a. it decomposes endothermically, causing the water temperature to
decrease below the limits within which most aquatic organisms alive
For numbers 27 to 29:
b. it causes oxygen depletion in the water
At 250C the equilibrium constant for the reaction
c. it rises to the surface and absorbs light from wavelengths needed by
CO (g) + H2O (g) = CO2 (g) + H2 (g)
aquatic plants
is 1x10-5, and S0 is 41.8 J/mol-K. Calculate the following:
d. it causes the death of bottom-dwelling organisms because it
agglutinates and settles to the bottom, poisoning the bottom-dwelling
27. ∆G0 at 250C
organisms
a. 12.6 kJ/mol c. 13.9 kJ/mol
b. 25.0 kJ/mol d. 28.5 kJ/mol
40. The greatest amount of food per acre is produced in the
0 0 a. tundra c. marine biome
28. ∆G at 25 C
b. grassland d. desert
a. 27 kJ/mol c. 35 kJ/mol
b. 39 kJ/mol d. 16 kJ/mol
41. Polluted water having a low BOD are most economically treated in
a. sedimentation tanks c. sludge digester
29. Suppose that 2 mol of CO and 2 mol of H 2O are introduced into a 10-
b. oxidation ponds d. ion exchanger
L vessel at 250C. What is the amount of water at equilibrium?
a. 1.994 mol c. 2.604 mol
42. Sulfur Dioxide is a dangerous air pollutant and harms plant life. What
b. 0.086 mol d. 0.725 mol
changes in the plant indicate its toxic effect?
a. darkening of the leaves c. withering of the leaves
30. With respect to the following reaction, what conditions would make
b. falling of the leaves d. bleaching of the leaves
SO3 most stable. Assume that only these components, and no other
gases, are present.
43. In the recycling of plastic, numbers indicate the type of plastic to
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 SO3 (g) + Heat
ensure the recycling of similar materials are carried out. Which of the
a. High pressure and high temperature
following is the correct pair of number and plastic material?
b. High pressure and low temperature
a. 5 – PP c. 3 – LDPE
c. Low pressure and high temperature
b. 4 – HDPE d. 2 – PET
d. Low pressure and low temperature
44. Radioactive solid nuclear wastes are disposed off by
31. Calculate the degree of dissociation for a 0.010-m solution of HCl
a. high temperature incineration
that freezes at 273.114 K.
b. pyrolysis
a. 0.96 c. 0.88
c. pathological incineration
b. 0.94 d. 0.80
d. underground burial in concrete containers
32. What volume of F2 gas at 250C and 1 atm is produced when molten
45. Environmental Management System adopts an important continuous
KF is electrolyzed by a current of 10 A for 2 h?
improvement approach in the following order,
a. 5.12 L c. 12.12 L
a. Plan-Do-Act-Check c. Plan-Act-Do-Check
b. 9.12 L d. 19.12 L
b. Plan-Check-Act-Do d. Plant-Do-Check-Act
 Chemical Engineering Refresher Course
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES

46. Although source reduction, reuse, recycling, and composting can

divert large portions of municipal solid waste from landfill disposal, some
waste still must be placed on land. The most difficult obstacle in the
development of such is
a. landfill design c. financing
b. operation d. site selection

47. Among the 3R’s of solid waste management ______ is top priority.
a. reduction c. recycling
b. reuse d. recovery

48. Amount of oxygen needed to chemically oxidize the organic solids. It

is important that organic wastes be removed to protect the receiving
body of water into which the wastewater plant is discharging
a. COD c. BOD
b. DO d. ThOD

49. Which of the following natural phenomena plays a part in the

nitrogen cycle?
a. evaporation c. snow
b. lightning d. rain

50. In the determination of BOD, the reaction takes place in the dark
because
a. The microorganisms are sensitive to light.
b. Oxygen is sensitive to light.
c. The reaction is enhanced in the dark.
d. Algae may be present and produce oxygen.

51. The following are characteristics of hazardous wastes, except

a. toxic c. corrosive
b. volatile d. reactive

52. What metal can be recovered from used car batteries?

a. Mercury c. Lead
b. Arsenic d. Chromium

53. Adsorption is a process whereby organic matter in wastewater is

allowed to accumulate at the interface of the liquid-solid boundary layer
of the adsorbent. A good adsorbent material is
a. silica gel c. activated carbon
b. gypsum d. alum

54. The sludge from wastewater treatment when subjected to anaerobic

digestion produces a gas which can be used as fuel. This important gas
is
a. methane c. propane
b. butane d. carbon monoxide

55. If the three-day BOD of a raw sewage is 55 ppm (k=0.55/day), what

is the ultimate BOD?
a. 68 ppm c. 107 ppm
b. 96 ppm d. 123 ppm

56. Determine the theoretical oxygen demand of 100 ppm glutamic acid.
a. 44 ppm c. 130 ppm
b. 98 ppm d. 141 ppm

57. A waste sample was analyzed to contain 150 mg/L CO 3-2 and 100
mg/L HCO3- at a pH of 8 at 250C. Approximate the alkalinity in terms of
mg/L as CaCO3.
a. 166 ppm c. 489 ppm
b. 332 ppm d. 664 ppm