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Syllabus for BA Course in Geography

REVISED IN JUNE 2010: TO BE EFFECTIVE FROM THE ACADEMIC SESSION 2010-2011
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the College)
Department of Geography
National P.G. College, Lucknow
(An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow )
2, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P., India
STRUCTURE OF SYLLABUS – B. A.
COURSE PART SEMESTER PAPER NO. TITLE OF THE PAPER MARKS
ONE I Fundamentals of Geography 70 + 30

I
II Geography of World 70 + 30
I Physical Geography 70 + 30
II
II Practical Geography 70 + 30
TWO I Human Geography 70 + 30

III
II Practical Geography 70 + 30
I Climatology 70 + 30
B.A. IV
II Remote Sensing & GIS 70 + 30
THREE I Geography of India 70 + 30
V II Economic Geography 70 + 30
III Practical Geography 70 + 30
I Environmental Geo. & Disaster Mgmt. 70 + 30
file:///E:/wwwroot/syllabus backup/geoba.html 1/18

VI II Social, Cultural & Political Geography 70 + 30
III Field Trip and Report Writing 70 + 30

sDepartment of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - I, Class - B.A. Part I
(As recommended by Board of Study in Geography and Approved by Academic Council of the
College)
Paper- I, Title: Fundamentals of Geography
MM.-70+30(Theory+Internal Marks)
Unit - I
Nature of Geography - Meaning, Definition, Scope, Approach, Objectives and Relevance; Main Phase in the
Development of Geography; Geography's Core Concepts; Place of Geography in the Classification of Sciences;
Branches of Geography; Dualism in Geography; A Brief History Of Geography.
Unit - II
The Physical Dimension in Geography; The Universe; The Solar System; Earth as an Unique Planet; Phases of
Moon; The Earth Movement; Shape of the Earth; Mathematical Location of Places on the Globe; Latitudes;
Longitudes & Time Calculation.
Unit - III
The Human Dimension in Geography; Man & Environment; Society, Culture & Civilization; Population;
Economic Structure.
Unit – IV
Applied Geography; Recent Trends in Geography; Modern Concepts in Geography; Study of Geography in
India; Career Opportunities for Geographers.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
1. Contemporary American Geography; Routlege New Jersey. 1992.

2. Dikshit R.D. Geographical Thought- A contextual History of Ideas. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.
2000.
3. Dohrs. F.E. and Sommers, L.W. (sds.) Introduction to Geography, Thomas Y. Crowell Co. Chicago,
1959
4. Harvey. David: Explanation in Geography Edward-Amold, London, 1972
5. Holt-Jensen, AGeography: Its History and Concepts, Longmans, 1980
6. Husain, Majid: Evolution of Geographical Thought, Rawat Publications, Jaipur, 1984
7. James, P.E.: All Possivle Worlds: A History of Geographical Ideas. Sachin Publication, Jaipur
8. Johnston, P.J. and Claval, P. (eds.): Geography Since the Second Wold War. Croom Helm.
London/Bernes and Noble, N.J. 1984.
9. Jones, PA/:Fieldwork in Geography, Longmans, 1968.
10. Lownsburg. J.F. and Aldrich, F.T.: Introduction to Geographical Methods and Techniques, Charles

Marrili, Columbus, 1979.

11. Matthews J.A. and Herbert D.T.; Geography: A very short introduction, oxford university press, New
Yark, 2009.
12. Minshull, R: The changing Nature of Geography. Hutchinson University Library, London, 1970
13. Wooldridge S.W.: The Geographer As Scientist, Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd. London. 1956.
14. Fundamentals of physical geography, Class XI, N.C.E.R.T, New Delhi.
15. A text book of Geography, Class VI to VIII, ICSE, New Delhi.
Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - I, Class - B.A. Part I
College)
Paper- II, Title: Geography of World
MM.-70+30(Theory+ Internal Marks)
Unit - I
Asia: Physiographic, Climate, Soil, Natural Vegetation, Agriculture; Minerals, Population & Industrial Region;
Important Countries- Japan & Bhutan.
Unit - II
Africa: Physiographic, Climate, Soil, Natural Vegetation, Agriculture; Minerals, Population & Industrial Region;
Important Countries- Egypt & Madagascar.
Unit - III
North & South America: Physiographic, Climate, Soil, Natural Vegetation, Agriculture; Minerals, Population
&Industrial Region; Important Countries – Canada & Chile.
Unit - IV
Europe, Oceania & Antarctica: Physiographic, Climate, Soil, Natural Vegetation, Agriculture; Minerals,
Population & Industrial Region; Important Countries- France & Australia.
Suggested Readings:
1. Pearcy G.E. & Field RH, World Political Geography Thomas Y.C. Comp., New York
2. Fenneman : Physiography of Western US., Mc Graw-Hill Book Company, Inc. New York
3. Alexander, John, W.: Economic Geography, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1988.
4. Chatterjee, S.P.: Economic Geography of India. Allied Book Agency, Calcutta, 1984.
5. Eckarsley, R (ed.): Markets, the State and Environment. McMillan, London, 1995.
6. Estall, R.C. and RC. Buchanan: Industrial Activity and Economic Geography.
7. Hutchinson University Library, London, 1963.
8. Hamilton, I. (ed.): Resources and Industries. Oxford University Press, New York, 1992.
9. Husain Majid (2004) World Geography
10. Claval P. (2002) An Introduction to Region Geography
11. Tirtha R (2001) Geography of Asia

12. James P. American Geography: Problems & Prospects
13. Dixit K.S. Introduction to Geography (2008)
14. Rao B.P. Geographical Analysis of Asia (2008)
15. Srivastava H., Regional Geography (2008)
16. Satpathi D.P., China Ka Bhogolik Swaroop (2006)
17. Chaurasia B.P., Regional Pattarn of Japan (2007)
18. Singh Jagdish, Three Southrn Continents (2008)
19. Geography – Book 6; R.K. Jain, ICSE, Ratna Sagar Publication.
20. Panorama: A Textbook of geography, class VII, ICSE, United Publishing House, New Delhi

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - II, Class - B.A. Part I
College)
Paper- I, Title: Physical Geography
Unit I
Meaning, Definition, Scope & Branches of Physical Geography. Geological Time Seale. Origin of The Earth.
Interior of the Earth; Rocks: Origin & Classification.
Unit II
Composition & Structure of the Earth. Origin of Continents & Oceans: Wegner’s Theory & Plate Tectonics.
Major Landforms: Mountains, Plateaus & Plains. Gradational Processes: Weathering & Erosion; Works of
Water, Glacier & Wind.
Unit III
Composition & Structure of the Atmosphere; Insolation; Temperature: Vertical & Horizontal Distribution;
Pressure & Pressure Belts; Winds: Planetary, Periodic & Local.
Unit IV
Theories of Origin of Ocean Basin, Physical Properties of Sea Water: Temperature & Salinity; Ocean Currents;
Tides & Coral Reefs.
Suggested Readings
1. Barry, R. G. and Chorley, R. J. (1998): Atmosphere, Weather and Climate. Routledge, London.
2. Bryant, H. Richard (200 I): Physical Geography Made Simple, Rupa and Company. New Delhi
3. Bunnett, R.B. (2003): Physical Geography in Diagrams, Fourth GCSE edition, Pearson Education

(Singapore) Private Ltd.

4. Garrison, T. (1998): Oceanography, Wordsworth Company., Belmont.
5. Lake, P. (1979): Physical Geography (English and Hindi editions), Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
6. Leong Goh Cheng (2003): Certificate Physical and Human Geography, Oxford University Press,
New Delhi.
7. Monkhouse, F.1. (1979): Physical Geography. Methuen, London
8. Singh, S. (2003): Physical Geography. (English and Hindi editions) Prayag Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad;
9. Trewartha, G.T., Robinson, A.H., Hammond, E.H., and Horn, A.T. (1976/1990): Fundamentals
of Physical Geography, 3rd edition. MacGraw-Hill, New York.
10. Singh, M.B. (200 I): Bhoutik Bhugol, Tara Book Agency, Varanasi
11. Singh, S.N. and Singh, V. (2002): Bhoutik Bhugol, Mishra Trading Corporation, Varanasi.
12. Strahler, A.N. and Stahler, A.M. (1992): Modern Physical Geography. John Wiley and Sons, New
York.
13. Wooldridge, S.W. and Morgan, R.S. (1959): The Physical Basis of Geography- An Outline of
Geomorphology. Longman, London.
14. Fundamentals of physical geography, Class XI, N.C.E.R.T, New Delhi.

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - II, Class - B.A. Part I
College)
Paper- II, Title: Practical Geography
Unit I:
Meaning Definition; Nature & Scope of Cartography. Globe & Maps, Essentials of
Maps; History of Map-Making; Types & Uses of Maps.
Unit II:
Scale; Conversion of Scale: Statement to R. F. & R. F. to Statement; Simple, Diagonal, Comparative & Vernier
Scale; Reduction & Enlargement of Maps.
Unit III:
Relief: Hachures, Contours, Form Lines, Spot Height, Bench Mark, Trig Point, Layer Tints ; Representation of
Landforms by Contours: Types of Slope, Conical Hill, Plateau, V Shaped Valley, U Shaped Valley, Water Fall,
Ridge; Profile (Serial, Superimposed, Composite & Projected) ; Block Diagrams; Interpretation of
Topographical Sheets.
Unit IV:
Organize Field Visit to collect field data. Field work report should be prepared based on collected data and it
should be submitted in practical examination. Main objective of the field work is to provide the students with the
understanding of ground reality of a chosen site i.e. village/town/tourist site by observation. One aspect such as
geomorphic forms and processes, land use, irrigation, economic activities, village morphology, population
characteristics etc. should be selected for field work.
Suggested Readings
1. Monkhouse, F. J. and Wilkinson, FJ. (1985): Maps and Diagrams. Methuen, London
2. Raisz, E. (1962): General Cartography. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 5th edition.
3. Sarkar, A. K. (1997): Practical Geography: A Systematic Approach. Orient Longman, Kolkata.
4. Sharma, J. P. (2001): Prayogik Bhugol., Rastogi Publication, Meerut 3rd. edition.
5. Singh, R.L. and Singh, Rana P.B. (1993): Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi and English
editions). Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi,.
6. Singh, L.R. (2006): Fundamentals of Practical Geography, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
7. Practical Geography, N.C.E.R.T. Class XI & XII.
8. Practical Geography, ICSE Class XI & XII

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - III, Class - B.A. Part II
College)
Paper- I, Title: Human Geography
Unit-I
Nature & Scope of Human Geography; Branches of Human Geography; Concept of Man Environment
Relationship: Determinism, Possibilism & Neo- Determinism; Division of Mankind into Racial Groups:
Characteristics & Distribution.
Unit-II
Human Adaptation to the Environment: Eskimo, Bushman, Masai, Naga & Tharu; Hazards & Disaster: Origin,
Types, Causes, Impact, Mitigation & Management .
Unit- III
Growth of Population; Distribution of Population; World Distribution Pattern: Physical,
Economic & Social Factors; Migration: Internal & International; Trends of Urbanization.

Unit-IV
Settlements: Types & Pattern; Rural and Urban Settlement in India & World; Rural Settlement & House Types
in India; Cultural Regions of the World.
Suggested Readings
1. Chisholm, M. (1985): Human Geography, 2nd edition, Penguin Books, London.

2. De Blij, H.J. (1996): Human Geography: Culture, Society and Space, 2nd edition. John Wiley and
Sons, New York,
3. Fellman, J. D., Arthur, G., Judith, G., Hopkins, J. and Dan, S. (2007): Human Geography:
Landscapes of Human Activities. McGraw-Hill, New York. loth edition.
4. Haggett, P. (2004): Geography: A Modern Synthesis. 8th edition, Harper and Row, New York.
5. Husain, M. (1994): Human Geography, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
6. Johnston, R. J., Gregory, D., Pratt, G. and Watts, M. (2000): The Dictionary of Human Geography.
4th edition, Basil Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
7. Kaushik, S.D. and Sharma, A.K. (1996): Principles of Human Geography (in Hindi), Rastogi
Publication, Meerut.
8. Michael, C. M. (\ 997): Process and Change in Human Geography. Nelson, London.
9. Norton, W. (1995): Human Geography, Oxford University Press, New York.
10. Singh, K. N. and Singh, J. (2001): Manav Bhugol. Gyanodaya Prakashan, Gorakhpur. 2nd edition.
11. Singh, L.R. (2005): Fundamentals of Human Geography, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad
12. Smith, D. M.(1977): Human Geography- A Welfare Approach, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd.,
London
13. Stoddard, R.H., Wishart, D.J. and Blouet, B.W. (1986): Human Geography. Prentice-Hall,
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - III, Class - B.A. Part II
College)
Paper- II, Title: Practical Geography
Unit I
Types of Cartographic Symbols: Points, Line & Areas; Distribution Maps: Dot, Isopleth, Choropleth,
Chorochromatic & Choroschematic; Pie Diagram; Cartogram: Traffic Flow Diagram, Isochronic Cartogram.
Unit-II
Map Projections: General Principles, Classification; Draw Graticules of Conical, Cylindrical & Zenithal
Projections by Graphical Method.
Unit-III
Basic Statistical Methods; Measure of Central Tendency: Mean, Median, Mode; Representation of
Geographical Data: Bar Diagram, Histogram, Frequency Curve, Frequency Polygon, Cumulative Frequency
Curve or Ogive.
Unit-IV
Use of Meteorological Instruments; Maximum and Minimum Thermometer, Dry & Wet Bulb Thermometer,
Fortin's Barometer, Aneroid Barometer, Rain Gauge, Wind Vane, Anemometer; Classification of Indian
Meteorological Observatories & Method of Collection of Weather Data; Representation of Rainfall Dispersion
Diagram, Climograph & Hythergraph.
Suggested Readings
1. Gregory, S. Statistical Methods and the Geographers. Longman S. London, 1963

2. Khan, Z.A. Text Book of Practical Geography Concept Publishing Co. New Delhi.
3. Lawarence, G.R.P. Cartograpinic Methods. Methuen, London, 1968.
4. Monkhouse, FJ. & H.R. Winkinson. Maps and Diagrams. Methuen. London, 1994.
5. Pal, K. Statistics for Geoscientists- Techniques and Approaches. Concept, New
Delhi, 1998
6. Sarkar, A.K. Practical Geography- A Systematic Approach. Orient Longman, Calcutta, 1997.
7. Raisz, E. (1962): Principles of Cartography, McGraw Hill, New York.

8. Robinson, A. H., Sale. R. D., Morrison, J. L. and Muchrcke, P. C. (1984):
Elements of Cartography. 5th edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York.
9. Sharma, J. P. (2001): Prayogik Bhugol., Rastogi Publication, Meerut 3rd edition.
10. Singh, R.L. and Singh Raila P.B. (1993): Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi and English
editions). Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - IV, Class - B.A. Part II
College)
Paper- I, Title: Climatology
Unit I
Meaning & Scope of Climatology; Atmospheric Chemistry; Insolation: Determinants & Distribution;
Temperature: Factors, Distribution and Processes of Heating & Cooling of the Atmosphere.

Unit II
Heat Budget of Earth & Atmosphere; Temperature Change; Air Stability & its Importance; Laws of Horizontal
Motion & General Atmospheric Circulation.
Unit III
Monsoon; Jet Stream and their Significance with Reference to India; Precipitation:
Forms & Types; Air Masses: Classification & Modification; Fronts: Source Regions,
Types & Associated Weather.
Unit IV
Cyclones: Tropical & Temperate; Climatic Classification: Koppen & Thornthwaite; Climatic Change: Evidences
& Theories; Global Warming & Micro-Climate,
Suggested Readings
1. Barry, R.G. and Carleton, M. (200 I): Synoptic and Dynamic Climatology, Routledge, London.
2. Chorley, R.J. (200 I): Atmosphere, Wea~Oimate. Methuen, London.
3. Critchfield, H.J. (2002): General Climatology. Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi
4. Finch, J. e. and Trewartha, G. T.: Elements of Weather and Climate. Prentice-Hall, London.
5. Kendrew, W.e. (1998): Climatology. Edward Arnold, London. 5th edition.
6. Lal, D.S.(l986): Climatology. Chaitanya Publications, Allahabad.
7. Oliver, J.E. and Hidore, J.J. (2003): Climatology: An Atmospheric Science, Pearson Education
Private Ltd, Patparganj, Delhi.
8. Robinson, P. J. and Henderson, S. (1999): Contemporary Climatology, 2nd edition, Pearson
Education Ltd., Harlow, UK.
9. Singh, M.B. (1998): Jalvayu Avam Samudra Vigyan. Tara Book Agency, Varanasi.
10. Singh, M.B. (1999): Jalvayu Avam Jal Vigyan. Tara Book Agency, Varanasi,.
11. Singh, S. (2005): Climatology. Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
12. Singh, S. (2006): Jalvayu Vigyan. Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
13. Anthes , R. (1997) Meteorology, Seventh Edition PHI , New Delhi.

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - IV, Class - B.A. Part II
College)
Paper- II, Title: Remote Sensing & GIS
Unit I
Historical Development of Remote Sensing ; Relevance of Remote Sensing in Geography, Concepts & Basic
Requirements of Satellite Remote Sensing: Platforms & Sensors, Orbital Characteristics, Whiskbroom Scanners,
Pushbroom Scanners, & Data Products.
Unit II
Image Processing: Visual & Digital; Significance of Secondary / in-situ data, Ground Truth Verification;
Preprocessing / Rectification and Restoration; Data Enhancement, Spectral Pattern Recognition; Microwave
Sensing: SLAR Imageries; Elements of Passive
Microwave Sensing; Remote Sensing Applications & Mapping in India: Case Studies ( Landuse Planning,
Forest Management, Wasteland Management etc.)
Unit III
Concept of GIS; Maps & Spatial Information; Dynamics and Selection of Spatial Information; Concept of
Spatial & Non-Spatial Data; Computer Environment for GIS (Hardware & Software Requirement); Spatial
Data: Raster-Vector Structure- Conversion & Comparison; Elements of GIS: Data Capture, Verification &
Processing; Storage &Maintenance; Data Manipulation, Analysis, Overlay Analysis.
Unit IV
Integration of GIS; Remote Sensing & GPS Data Application; Use of Satellite Imagery & other Categories of
Maps for GIS (Landuse Planning, Forest Management, Wasteland Management etc)
Suggested Readings
1. Campell, J. B. (2003): Introduction to Remote Sensing. 4th edition. Taylor and Francis, London.
2. Chaunial, D. D. (2004): Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System(in Hindi), Sharda
Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad
3. Cracknell, A. and Ladson, H. (1990): Remote Sensing Year Book. Taylor and Francis, London.
4. Curran, P.1. (1985): Principles of Remote Sensing. Longman, London.
5. Deekshatulu, B.L. and Rajan, Y.S. (ed.) (1984): Remote Sensing. Indian Academy of Science,
Bangalore.
6. Floyd, F. and Sabins, Jr. (1986): Remote Sensing: Principles and Interpretation. W.H. Freeman, New
York.
7. Gautam, N.C. and Raghavswamy, V. (2004). Land Use/ Land Cover and Management Practices in
India. B.S. Publication., Hyderabad.
8. Jensen, l.R. (2004): Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth Resource Perspective. Prentice-
Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. Indian reprint available.
9. Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. (2000): Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. John Wiley and
Sons, New York.
10. Nag, P. (ed.) (1992): Thematic Cartography and Remote Sensing. Concept Publishing Company,
New Delhi.
11. Rampal, K.K. (1999): Handbook of Aerial Photography and Interpretation. Concept Publishing.
Company. New Delhi

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - V, Class - B.A. Part III
College)
Paper- I, Title: Geography of India
Unit I
Geology; Physiographic Divisions; Drainage System; Climate and Climatic Regions;
Soil & Vegetation
Unit II
Minerals & Power Resources (Iron ore, Bauxite, Coal & Petroleum); Multipurpose Projects; Irrigation; Major
Industries (Iron & Steel, Cotton Textile, Sugar & Cement).
Unit III
Crops (Rice, Wheat, Sugarcane, Cotton & Tea) & Agricultural Regions; Green Revolution & its Consequences
Unit IV
Macro-Regions of India & their Geographical Specialities; Transport & Communication; Trade: Composition &
Recent Changes. .
Suggested Readings
I. Chauhan, P.R. and Prasad, M. (2003): Bharat Ka Vrihad Bhugol, Vasundhara Prakashan,
Gorakhpur.
2. Farmer, B.H. (1983): An Introduction to South Asia. Methuen, London
3. Gautam, A. (2006): Advanced Geography ofIndia, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad
4. Johnson, B.L.e. (1963): Development in South Asia. Penguin Books, Harrnondsworth
5. Krishnan, M.S. (J 982): Geology of India and Burma, CAS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi.
6. Khullar, D.R. (2007): India: A Comprehensive Geography, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi
7. Nag, P. and Gupta, S. S. (1992): Geography of India, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
8. Rao, B.P. ( 2007): Bharat kee Bhaugolik Sameeksha, Vasundhara Prakashan, Gorakh ur.
9. Sharma, T.e. and Coutinho, O. (2003): Economic and Commercial Geography of India, Vikas
Publishing House Private Ltd. New Delhi.
10. Singh, J. (2003): India: A Comprehensive Systematic Geography. Gyanodaya Prakashan, Gorakhpur
11. Singh, J. (200 I): Bharat: Bhougolik Aadhar Avam Ayam, Gyanodaya Prakashan, Gorakhpur.
12. Singh, R.L. (ed.) (1971): India: A Regional Geography. National Geographical Society of India,
Varanasi,.
13. Spate, O.H. K., Learrnonth A. T. A. and Fanner, B. H. (1996): India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Methuen, London, 7th edition.
14. Sukhwal, B.L. (1987): India: Economic Resource Base and Contemporary Political Patterns. Sterling
Publication, New Delhi
15. Tiwari, R.e. (2007): Geography of India, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
16. Wadia, D. N. (1959): Geology of India. Mac-Millan and Company, London and student edition,
Madras.

College)
Paper- II, Title: Economic Geography
Unit I
Meaning, Scope and Approaches to Economic Geography; Main Concepts of Economic Geography; Resource:
Concept & Classification; Natural Resources: Soil, Forest & Water
Unit II
Mineral Resources: Iron Ore & Bauxite; Power Resources: Coal, Petroleum & Hydro Electricity; Resource
Conservation; Principal Crops: Wheat, Rice, Sugarcane & Tea.
Unit III
Agricultural Regions of the World (Derwent Whittlesey); Theory of Agricultural Location (Von Thunen); Theory
of Industrial Location (Weber); Major Industries: Iron & Steel,Textiles, Petro - Chemical & Sugar; Industrial
Regions of the World.
Unit IV
World Transportation: Major Trans-Continental Railways, Sea & Air Routes; International Trade: Patterns &
Trends; Major Trade Blocks: NAFTA, EEC, ASEAN; Effect of Globalization on Developing Countries.
Suggested Readings
1. Alexander, 1. W. (1988): Economic Geography. Prentice-Hall, New Delhi,.

2. Boesch, H. (1964): A Geography of World Economy. Von Nostrand, New York,.
3. Bryson, 1., Henry, N., Keeble, D. and Martin, R. (eds.) (1999): The Economic Geography Reader:
Producing and Consuming Global Capitalism. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York.
4. Clark,G. L., Gertler, M. S. and Feldman, M. P. (eds.) (2000): The Oxford Handbook of Economic
Geography. Oxford University Press, USA.
5. Coe, N. (2007): Economic Geography: A Contemporary Introduction. Blackwell Publishers, Inc.,
Massachusetts.
6. Gautam, A. (2006): Aarthik Bhugol Ke Mool Tattava, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
7. Guha, J. S. and Chattoraj, P.R.(2002): A New Approach to Economic Geography: A Study of
Resources.The World Press Private Limited, Kolkata.
8. Hanink, D. M. (1997): Principles and Applications of Economic Geography: Economy, Policy,
Environment. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York.
9. Hartshorne, T. A. and Alexander, 1. W. (1988): Economic Geography (3rd revised edition)

Englewood Cliff, New Jersey, Prentice Hall

10. Hudson, R. (2005): Economic Geographies: Circuits, Flows and Spaces. Sage Publ ications,
London.
11. Jones, C. F. and Darkenwald, D.O. (1975): Economic Geography, Macmillan, New York.
12. Knowles, R, Wareing, 1. (2000): Economic and Social Geography Made Simple, Rupa and
Company, ew Delhi.
13. Leong, G. C. and Morgan, G. C.(1982): Human and Economic Geography, Oxford University Press,
Singapore.
14. Mackinnon, D. and Cumbers, A. (2007): Introduction to Economic Geography:
Globalization, Uneven Development and Place. Prentice Hall, Inc., New York
15. Roy, P.K. (2005): Economic Geography, A Study of Resources, New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd,
Kolkata.
16. Royen, W.V. and Bengtson, N.A. (1964): Fundamentals of Economic Geography.
Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
17. Sheppard, E. and Barnes, T. 1. (eds.) (2002): A Companion to Economic Geography. Blackwell
Publishers, Inc., Massachusetts.
18. Singh, K. N. and Singh, 1. (2003): Aarthik Bhugol ke Mool Tattva, Gyanodaya Prakashan.,
Gorakhpur.
19. Stutz, F. and Warf, B. (2005): World Economy: Resource, Location, Trade and
Development (4th edition). Prentice Hall, Inc, New York
20. Wheeler, J. O. (1998): Economic Geography (3,d revised edition). John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New
York.

College)
Paper- III, Title: Practical Geography
Unit-I
Instrumental Surveying: Meaning, Definition, Scope & Purpose; Principles & Application of Selected Survey
Instruments: Chain Tape, Plane Table: Plan Preparation, Radiation, Intersection & Resection - Two Point
Problem; Three Point Problem; Tracing Paper Method, Trial & Error Method.
Unit-II
Prismatic Compass: Methods & Process of Surveying; Open & Closed Traverse; Elimination of Error: Bowditch
Method;
Unit-III
Levelling Instruments; Dumpy level: Process of Surveying; Use & Importance; Contour Plan Preparation.
Unit-IV
Sextant and Indian Clinometers; Use & Importance (Height/Depth Measurement); Preparation of Base Map by
the Use of Surveying Instrument.
Suggested Readings
1. Clendinning, J. Principles and use of Surveying Instruments. 2nd edition. Blockie. A. 1958.
2. Clendinning J. Principles (If Surveying end edition, 1960.
3. Hotine, Major M. The rc-uiangulauon of Great Britain, Empire Survey review, 1935.
4. Misra, R.P. and Ramesh A; fundamentals of Cartography Revised Edition, Concept Publication, New
Delhi.
5. Monkhouse. Maps and diagrams Methuen, 1971.
6. Negi Balbir Singh. Practical Geography. Third revised Ed. Kedar Nath and Ram Nath. Merrutand
Delhi, 1994-95.
7. Sandover, J.A. Plane Surveying. Arnold, 1961.
8. Singh & Karanjita - map work and Practical (Geography, Central Book Dept. Allahabad, 1972.
9. Singh, R.L. and Dutt. P.K., Elements of Practical Geography, Students, Friends, Allahabad, 1968.

Semester wise Syllabus for B.A., Semester - VI, Class - B.A. Part III
College)
Paper- I, Title: Environmental Geography & Disaster Management
Unit – I
Introduction to Environmental Geography: Meaning Definition, Nature & Scope; Ecology & Ecosystem;
Environmental Hazards; Environmental Disaster & Stress; Classification of Environmental Hazards;
Environmental Movement: Chipko, Silent Valley & Narmada Bachao Andolan.
Unit – II
Concept of Management of Environmental Hazards: Identification & Distribution of Hazards; Hazards Zonation
& Risk Analysis; Hazard Awareness; Pre- Hazard Conditions: Warning & Precautions; Post Hazard Condition:
Rescue, Assessment & Rehabilitation.
Unit – III
Atmospheric Hazards & Disaster: Causes, Effects & Management; Cumulative Atmospheric Hazards; Cyclone,
Drought, Floods; Green House effect & Global Warming; Concept of Sustainable Development.
Unit-IV
Terrestrial Hazards: Causes, Effects & Management; Earthquake, Landslide, Tsunami. Man- Induced Hazards:
Causes, Effects & Management; Desertification, Forest Fire, Soil degradation & Population Explosion.

Suggested Readings
1. Savindra Singh, (2000): Environmental Geography. Prayag Pustak Bhavan, Allahabad.

2. Alexander, D. (1993): Natural Disasters. UCL Press Ltd, London.
3. P.C Sinha ; Introduction to Disaster managements; Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
4. B. Narayan, Disaster Management ; Super Book Distributor, New Delhi.
5. I. Mohan, Environmental Problems in 21st Century, Anmol Publication Pvt, Ltd. New Delhi.
6. Singh R.B. & Mishra S. (1996) Environmental Laws in India ,Issues & Responses , Rawat
Publication, New Delhi.

College)
Paper- II, Title: Social, Cultural & Political Geography
Unit – I
Social Geography : Meaning, Definition, Scope & content of Social Geography; Evolution of Social Geography;
Approaches: Possibilistic, Behavioral, Radical & Welfare; Social Structure and Social Processes: Macro &
Micro; Social Patterns; Concept of Space: Social Space, Material Space; Social Wellbeing .
Unit – II
Components of Social Geography; Region as a Social Unit; Social Elements: Class, Caste & Ethinicity with
Special Reference to India; Social Issues in Urban Areas; Social Area Analysis; Social Ecology; Social Groups:
Tribal, Traditional and Modern Society.
Unit - III
Concept of Culture in Geography; Cultural Geography: Meaning, Definition, Scope & Content of Cultural
Geography; Cultural Groups with Reference to India: Ethnic, Linguistic & Religious; Cultural Regions; Cultural
Areas & Cultural Landscape; Cultural Assimilation, Integration & Diffusion.
Unit – IV
Political Geography: Meaning, Definition & Scope of Political Geography; Approaches & Schools of Thought in
Political Geography (Landscape School, Functional School & Morphological School); Geo- Strategic Views of
Mackinder & Spykeman; Political Geography of India; Impact of Partition of India; Electoral Geography.
Suggested Readings
Adhikari, S (2004) : Political Geography, Rawat Publication, New Delhi.

Admed, A (2004): Social geography, Rawat Publication, New Delhi.
Beaujeu Garnier (1976) : Methods and Perspective in Geography, Longman, London

Carter, H. (1972) : The Study of Urban Geography , Edward Arnold Ltd. London.
Chapman, K. (1979): People, Pattern and process – An Introduction to human Geography, Edward
Arnold Ltd. Landon.
Dickinson, R. E. (1964): City and Region, Routledge, London.
Dwivedi R. L. (2004): Fundamentals of Political Geography, Chatanya Publishing House, Allahabad.
Freeman , T.W. , (1961): Hundred Years of Geography, Gerald Duckworth and Co., London.
Jones , Emrys (1965) : Human Geography , Chatto and Windies,London,
Jones,E and Eyles, j ,(1977): An Introduction to Social Geography, Oxford University press, Oxford.
Kolars, J.E. and Nyestuen, J. D. (1974): Geography , McGraw Hill Book Co., New Work London.
Leong, G.C. and Morgan, G.C. (1975): human and Economic Gepgraphy, Oxford University Press,
Hong Kong.
Rubenstain, J. M. and Becon, J. M. (1990) : Cultural Geography, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New york.
Spencer, J. E. and Thomas, W. L. (1969): : Cultural Geography, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New york.
Pound, J : Introduction to Political Geography, Oxford Publication.
Guha, R.C. : Social Geography.

College)
Paper- III, Title : Field Trip and Report Writing
Unit – I
Fieldwork: Meaning, Types & Objectives of Fieldwork; Fieldwork Methods & Techniques; Importance of
Fieldwork in Geography; Fieldwork Based Report Writing.
Unit- II
Field Study in Local Environment; Preparation of Field Report through Fieldwork on any One of the following
Areas: A Locality of Lucknow City; A Village or Slum near National P.G. College Campus; A River Course
near Lucknow City.
Unit- III & IV

Field trip: Garhwal Himalaya, Kumaon Himalaya. Vindhyan plateau, Thar Desert or any Area of Ganga Plain;
Preparation of Field Work Report for Submission in Practical Examination.
Suggested Readings
Archer, J. E. and Dalton ,T.H. (1968): Field Work in Geography, William Clowes and Sons Ltd.
London and Beccles.

Bolton, T. and Bewbury, P.A. (1968): Geography through Fieldwork, blandford Press, London.
Jones, P.A. (1968): Field work in Geography ,Longmans, Green and Company Ltd., London and
Harlow.
Lousenbury, J.F. and Aldrich , F.T. (1986): Introduction to Geography Field Methods and
Techniques, Charles E. Merrill Publishing. Company, Colombus.
Pugh, J.C. (1975): Surveying for field Scientists, Methuen and Company Ltd. London.

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1/1/07 Untitled Document

Syllabus for BA Course in Geography

COURSE PART SEMESTER PAPER NO. TITLE OF THE PAPER MARKS

ONE I Fundamentals of Geography 70 + 30

TWO I Human Geography 70 + 30

THREE I Geography of India 70 + 30

III Practical Geography 70 + 30

I Environmental Geo. & Disaster Mgmt. 70 + 30

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VI II Social, Cultural & Political Geography 70 + 30

III Field Trip and Report Writing 70 + 30

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sDepartment of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

1. Contemporary American Geography; Routlege New Jersey. 1992.

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Marrili, Columbus, 1979.

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

11. Tirtha R (2001) Geography of Asia

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

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(Singapore) Private Ltd.

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

MM.-70+30(Theory+ Internal Marks)

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

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1. Chisholm, M. (1985): Human Geography, 2nd edition, Penguin Books, London.

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

1. Gregory, S. Statistical Methods and the Geographers. Longman S. London, 1963

7. Raisz, E. (1962): Principles of Cartography, McGraw Hill, New York.

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

MM.-70+30(Theory+ Internal Marks)

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Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

Pushbroom Scanners, & Data Products.

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

1. Alexander, 1. W. (1988): Economic Geography. Prentice-Hall, New Delhi,.

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Englewood Cliff, New Jersey, Prentice Hall

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

the Use of Surveying Instrument.

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

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1. Savindra Singh, (2000): Environmental Geography. Prayag Pustak Bhavan, Allahabad.

Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

Adhikari, S (2004) : Political Geography, Rawat Publication, New Delhi.

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Department of Geography, National P.G. College, Lucknow

Unit- III & IV

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