I.

Objectives

This experiment sought to:

 Investigate the logic behavior of various IC gates
 Find out what gate is defined by different ICs used in the experiment

II. Materials/Components needed:

Proto-board (Breadboard) 74LS02
4 input DIP Switch 74LS08
6 1kΩ Resistor 74LS32
2 LED 74LS32
Connecting wires 74LS86
74LS00
III. Background

The use binary digital circuit is popular to almost all computers today. These circuits just
have two possible output voltages, the “High/Low”, “1/0” or “True/False”. Such output is called
a binary digit shortened as bit. In this experiment we will learn that Logic gates process and
combine individual bits according to certain rules. These rules are taken together, form the basis
of Boolean Algebra.

IV. Theory

NOT-Gate: Inverts the input

AND-Gate: The output is logic “0” when either of the input is logic “0”
OR-Gate: The output is logic “1” when either of the input is logic “1”
NAND-Gate: The opposite of AND-Gate
NOR-Gate: The opposite of OR-Gate
XOR-Gate: When the inputs are different, the output is logic “1”

V. Procedure
1. Shown below is the pin configuration of each IC logic gates to be used in the experiment.
Input Pin Output Pin Supply Pin Ground Pin
IC
Number Number Number Number
1,2 3
4,5 6
74LS00
9,10 8
12,13 11
2,3 1
5,6 4
74LS02
8,9 10
14 7
11,12 13
1 2
3 4
5 6
74LS04
9 8
11 10
13 12
 1,2 3
4,5 6
74LS08
9,10 8
12,13 11
1,2 3
4,5 6
74LS32
9,10 8
12,13 11
1,2 3
4,5 6
74LS86
9,10 8
12,13 11

2. Using the above pin configuration, mount each IC on the prototyping board. Use the DIP
switch for input and the LED to indicate the output for each gate.
3. Record the behavior of the ICs on the table below to determine what gate is being defined
of each. The Theory section will help you in this part.
a. 74LS00
A B F
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

b. 74LS02
A B F
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0

c. 74LS04
A F
0 1
1 0

d. 74LS08
A B F
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
 e. 74LS32
A B F
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1

f. 74LS86
A B F
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

4. The IC symbol of the logic gates after completing the table.

a. 74LS00

b.74LS02
 c.74LS04

d. 74LS08

e. 74LS32

f. 74LS86

VI. Questions:
1. How can we define the behavior of each logic gate?

We can do such by observing the input-output relationship and putting the results to a
truth table for easier analysis.

2. What are the other applications of each logic gate?

Each logic gate can be used for different switching purposes, alarm systems, error
identification and etc.
The NAND gate has the property of functional completeness. That is, any other logic
function (AND, OR, etc.) can be implemented using only NAND gates. An entire
processor can be created using NAND gates alone. In TTL ICs using multiple-
emitter transistors, it also requires fewer transistors than a NOR gate.