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Chem 28 HW #3 #4
BIURET KJELDAHL
What is determined Total protein concentration Total nitrogen content and
protein (multiplied by
conversion factor)
Colorimetric method
Reference/s:
[1] Wrolstad, R. E.; Acree, T. E.; Decker, E. A.; Penner, M. H.; Reid, D. S.; Schwartz, S. J.; Shoemaker, C. F.;
Smith, D.; Sporns, P. Handbook of Food Analytical Chemistry: Water, Proteins, Enzymes, Lipids, and
Carbohydrates; Wiley: USA, 2000-2005; pp 87.
[3] Savory, J.; Pu, P. H.; Sunderman, Jr., F. W. A Biuret Method for Determination of Protein in Normal
Urine. Clin. Chem. 1968, 14, 1162.
[4] Martina, V.; Vojtech, K. A Comparison of Biuret, Lowry and Bradford Methods for Measuring the
Egg’s Proteins. [online] p 395
[5] Bertholf, R. L. Proteins and Albumin. Lab Medicine. 2014, 45, 28 [online]
Check references: (a) Copeland R. A. 1994. Methods for Protein Quantitation. Methods for
Protein Analysis [online]. Available from: http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4757-
1505-7_3 (b) Malim T., Ridzuan P. D. 2010. Principle in Biochemistry. [online]. Available from:
http://www.slideshare.net/UmiBiee /lowry-vs-biuret-final-1 (c)
- Determines total nitrogen content and protein as the nitrogen content of the sample multiplied
by a conversion factor[1]
- Sample is digested in sulfuric acid, using CuSO4/TiO2 as catalysts, converting N to NH3, which is
distilled and titrated[1]
- Applicable to a wide range of organic matter including raw materials, ingredients, and finished
products from animals, cereals, and oilseeds[1]
- Principle: Acid digestion, measurement of liberated ammonia by titration with Nessier reagent,
multiply nitrogen by 6.25[5]
- Indirect protein determination method; nitrogen is released into a strong acid and the content is
measured after neutralization and titration[6]
[1] Wrolstad, R. E.; Acree, T. E.; Decker, E. A.; Penner, M. H.; Reid, D. S.; Schwartz, S. J.; Shoemaker, C. F.;
Smith, D.; Sporns, P. Handbook of Food Analytical Chemistry: Water, Proteins, Enzymes, Lipids, and
Carbohydrates; Wiley: USA, 2000-2005; pp 105.
[6] Mæhre, H. K.; Dalheim, L.; Edvinsen, G. K.; Elvevoll, E. O.; Jensen, I. Protein Determination – Method
Matters. Foods, 2018, 7, 4.
Reference/s:
[] University of Massachusetts Amherst. Analysis of Proteins.
https://people.umass.edu/~mcclemen/581Proteins.html (accessed September 10, 2019)
[] Ohio Northern Univeristy. Protein Concentration Determination. http://www2.onu.edu/~k-
broekemeier/Chem314/ReviewProteinMethods.pdf (accessed September 12, 2019)
C. BONUS: What happened after the protagonist came back in his hometown in The Count of
Monte Cristo?