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Section A
(c) (i) At very high pressures, the volume occupied by the gas 1m
molecules cannot be ignored because the volume of the gas is small
and the molecules are closer together.
(iii)
(e) (i) x
x 1m
Mg2+ x N3-
x
(ii) Mg3N2 + 6 H2 O 2NHs(g) + 3Mg(OH)2 2m
10m
4 (a)
C H Br
No. of moles 35.2/12 = 2.9 6.5/1 = 6.5 58.3/80 = 0.73
Mole ratio 4 9 1 1m
Molar mass : 136.9
Molecular formula : C4H9Br 1m
(b) (i)
(c) (i)
H H
1m
CH3 - C = C- CH3 or CH3 CH = CHCH3
(ii)
CH3
1m
CH3 - C - CH3
Br
(iii) Isomer: CH3 CH2 – CH = CH2 or CH3- C = CH2 1m
CH3
Equation:
CH3 CH2 – CH = CH2 + 5[O] CH3 CH2 – COOH +CO2+ H2O 1m
Or C(CH3)2=CH2 + 4[O] (CH3)2C=O + CO2 + H2O
m/e Ion
15 CH3+
28 CH3CH+
31 CH2OH+
45 CH3CH2O+
46 CH3CH2OH+
5marks
(c) (i) Water molecule undergoes autoionisation.
H2O <=== > H+ + OH- ΔH = Endothermic
Ionic product of water, Kw = [H3O+ ] [OH-]
= 1 x 10-14 mol2dm-6 at 250C
When temperature increases, the position of equilibrium shifts to the right
forming more H+ and OH- . Hence the value of Kw increases.
4marks
(ii) Ca2+ (aq) + 2e Ca(s) EӨ = -2.87V
The standard electrode potential of calcium is the potential difference obtained
when the half cell of Ca/Ca2+(aq) is connected to a standard hydrogen electrode
under standard conditions.
3marks
6 (a) (i)
KNO3(s) + aq K+ (aq) + NO3- (aq)
The forward reaction of dissolution of KNO3 is an endothermic
process as the temperature drops when it dissolves. 1m
The backward reaction of crystallization is an exothermic process.
On cooling a saturated solution, heat is given off/ removed from the
system. By Le Chatelier’s Principle, processes occur in the system to
counteract the lost of heat by favouring the reaction that gives out heat. 1m
Since the crystallization is an exothermic process, it is favoured and
crystals formed. (2)
At pH 6.5,
pOH = 14-6.5 = 7.5; [OH-] = 10-7.5 = 3.16 x 10-8 mol dm-3 1m
Max value of [ Mg2+] = Ksp / [OH-]2 = 1.8 x 10-12 / ( 3.16 x 10-8 )2
= 1803 mol dm-3
Peat based soil is preferred. 1m(4)
(15m)
Cl
fac-triamminetrichlorocobalt(III)
NH3
2m
Cl NH3
Co
Cl Cl
NH3
mer-triamminetrichlorocobalt(III)
(15m)
(b) two rings only (1 ring around the α-C of tyrosine & 1 around the α-C of lysine) 1m
+
(c) NH3CH2CO2- (or displayed formula) 1m
(d) (i) NH2CH2CO2- (Na+) (either -CO2-Na+or -CO2Na but NOT –CO-O-Na) 1m
(6m )
(f)
3m
15m
(ii) (sun)light/hf/UV 1m
(b) SOCl2/PCl3/PCl5 1m
(or names)
(i) C6H5-CO2C6H5 1m
- CH3CH2CH2CO2-(Na+) -
[NOT C3H7COO Na or C3H7COOH] 1m
but allow CH3CH2CH2CO2Na]
- CHl3 or name 1m
(ii) the alcohol from E has four different groups around a carbon atom 1m
1m
(15m )
END OF MARKING SCHEME