© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

Mandarin Glossary

Mandarin
 ፏࠪͮᎵ(absolute position)ᣝതᷛ㒭 Ҫก(addition)ᇚϸϾ៪ϸϾҹϞⱘ᭄
ᅮⱘԡ㕂DŽ ᬒ೼ϔ䍋∖ߎᘏ੠ⱘ䖤ㅫDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖

Seltzer ೒к佚

ழርयᄉҪกব᠎(Addition Property
B7ᰃSeltzer೒к佚ⱘ㒱ᇍԡ㕂DŽ
of Equality)བᵰ a = bˈ䙷М a + c =
b + cDŽ
ፏࠪϘ(absolute value)Ң䳊ࠄᶤϾ᭄
ⱘ䎱⾏DŽ㒱ᇍؐⱘヺোᰃūūDŽ ՟ᄤ˖
೼ҹϟ՟ᄤⱘ㄀Ѡ㸠Ёˈᡞᮍ⿟ᓣⱘϸջ৘ࡴ1DŽ
՟ᄤ˖  བᵰ  x-1=2
Ϣ 0 ⱘ䎱⾏Ў 4 Ϣ 0 ⱘ䎱⾏Ў 4  䙷М x - 1 + 1 = 2 + 1
   x = 3

ҪกᤣЊ(additive inverse)ϔϾ᭄ⱘⳌ
ড᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖-2ⱘࡴ⊩䗚‫ܗ‬ᰃ2DŽ
ᩨᝇ(acute angle)⌟䞣ؐᇣѢ 90° ⱘ 5ⱘࡴ⊩䗚‫ܗ‬ᰃ-5DŽ
㾦DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ᄯᝇ᣷(adjacent leg)ϢⳈ㾦ϝ㾦ᔶⱘ䫤
㾦ⳌᇍˈԡѢ䫤㾦ⱘϸջПϔⱘ䙷ᴵ䖍DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ACᰃğCAB
ⱘⳈ㾦䖍DŽ

BCᰃğABC
ᩨᝇʻᝇ्(acute triangle)‫݋‬᳝ϝϾ䫤 ⱘⳈ㾦䖍DŽ
㾦ⱘϝ㾦ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
̼ஜ(algebra)᭄ᄺⱘϔϾߚᬃˈᅗ䗮䖛
Փ⫼ব䞣ᴹ㸼⼎᭄ᄫˈҢ㗠ⷨお݊Ёⱘㅫ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ᴃ݇㋏DŽ

̼ஜय(algebraic expression)㟇ᇥ৿
᳝ϔϾব䞣ⱘ㸼䖒ᓣDŽ
Ҫஜ(addend)ϢϔϾ៪ϔϾҹϞⱘ݊ᅗ ՟ᄤ˖ n - 7 2y + 17 5(x - 3)
᭄Ⳍࡴⱘ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 12 + 19 = 31

 ࡴ᭄ ࡴ᭄

Mandarin 1
ᩱᝇ(alternate angles)⬅ϸᴵⳈ㒓੠ϔ ᝇ᣷ᝇ (Angle-Side-Angle (ASA))⫼Ѣ
ᴵ៾㒓ᔶ៤ⱘϸϾ㾦ˈ䖭ϸϾ㾦೼៾㒓ⱘ 䗮䖛↨䕗Ⳍᑨ䚼ߚ⹂ᅮϝ㾦ᔶᰃ৺ܼㄝⱘ
Ⳍᇍϸջˈ೼ (1) ϸᴵ㒭ᅮⳈ㒓П䯈˄‫ݙ‬ ᅮᕟDŽ
䫭㾦˅៪ (2) ϡ೼ϸᴵ㒭ᅮⳈ㒓П䯈˄໪
՟ᄤ˖
䫭㾦˅DŽᔧ៾㒓Ϣᑇ㸠㒓ⳌѸᯊˈ‫ݙ‬䫭㾦
੠໪䫭㾦ߚ߿ⳌㄝDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
໪䚼
໪䫭㾦˖
ğ1੠ğ8
ğ2੠ğ7 ‫ݙ‬䚼 ḍ᥂ΔASAᅮᕟˈΔABC ≅ ΔXYZDŽ
‫ݙ‬䫭㾦˖
ğ3੠ğ6 ໪䚼
᭦ሤ(area)ᶤ೒ᔶ᠔㽚Ⲫⱘ㸼䴶ⱘ⌟
ğ4੠ğ5
䞣DŽ
ᝇ(angle)‫݋‬᳝ϔϾ݀݅ッ⚍ⱘϸᴵᇘ ՟ᄤ˖
㒓DŽ
1ᑇᮍऩԡ
՟ᄤ˖
䴶⿃ 15ᑇᮍऩԡ
乊⚍ ğABC, ğCBA, ៪㗙ğB
䖍

ኍࢿஜѴ(arithmetic sequence)ϔ⾡⡍
䖍
⅞ⱘ᭄߫ˈҢ㄀Ѡ乍䍋ˈ↣ϔ乍Ϣࠡϔⱘ
乍Ꮒྟ㒜ⳌㄝDŽ
ᝇࣰѫጲ(angle bisector)ᡞϔϾ㾦ߚ៤ ՟ᄤ˖
ϸϾⳌㄝ㾦ⱘϔᴵᇘ㒓DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ଅѴ(arrangement)Ҏǃᄫ↡ǃ᭄ᄫ៪
݊ᅗџӊߎ⦄ⱘ乎ᑣDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
BDᰃğABCⱘ㾦ᑇߚ㒓 ϝϾᔶ⢊᠔᳝ৃ㛑ⱘᥦ߫˖

஼ᣀᝇ(angle of rotation)೒ᔶ೼ᮟ䕀
ᳳᯊ᠔䕀䖛ⱘ㾦ᑺDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ᮟ䕀㾦Ў90°DŽ

ҪกፆՋ।(Associative Property of
Addition)ᬍবࡴ᭄ⱘߚ㒘ˈ㗠ᘏ੠ϡব
ⱘᅮᕟDŽ
՟ᄤ˖a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c
5 + (3 + 7) = (5 + 3) + 7

2 Mandarin
 ˱กᄉፆՋ।(Associative Property of ̃ᤈ҃(binary number system)䗶 2 䖯
Multiplication)ᬍবЬ᭄ⱘߚ㒘ˈ㗠Ь⿃ 1 ⱘ䖯ԡࠊDŽ
ϡবⱘᅮᕟDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖ a(bc) = (ab)c ೼Ѡ䖯ࠊЁˈ1011 ㄝѢक䖯ԡ˄䗶 10 䖯 1˅᭄ࠊ
3 x (4 x 2) = (3 x 4) x 2 Ёⱘ 11DŽ

ࣰ‫ڨ‬ஜ(average)㾕ᑇഛ᭄DŽ ܿԡ ಯԡ Ѡԡ Ͼԡ

䗶2䖯ϔ
ᣈ(axes)㾕x䕈੠y䕈DŽ
ࠊؐ
్्‫(ڎ‬bar graph)Փ⫼ൖⳈ៪∈ᑇᴵҹ Ь⿃
ᰒ⼎᭄᥂ⱘ೒DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

̃ᮉय(binomial)ϸ乍ⱘ໮乍ᓣDŽ
乥⥛

㉏߿

՟ᄤ˖4x3 - 2x2 2x + 5

ࣰѫ(bisect)ᡞϔϾ㾦៪㒓↉ߚ៤ϸϾ
㉏߿ 乥⥛
Ⳍㄝⱘ㾦៪㒓↉DŽ
὇ૈஜᄉὈऄஜ(base (of an exponent))
՟ᄤ˖
ҹᣛ᭄᠔ᰒ⼎ⱘ᭄Ў‫ס‬᭄ǃϢ㞾䑿ⳌЬⱘ
᭄DŽ
Ё⚍
՟ᄤ˖ᑩ᭄ᣛ᭄

g h
὇ܲ᣷्ᄉὈऄ᣷(base (of a polygon)) CDᑇߚABDŽ BDᑇߚğABCDŽ
ӏԩϔ䖍˄䗮ᐌᣛᑩ䚼ⱘ䖍˅ˈ៪㗙䖭Ͼ
䖍ⱘ䖍䭓DŽ ѫႌጲ(boundary line)೼㒓ᗻϡㄝᓣⱘ
೒Ϟˈᇚᰃ㾷ⱘ⚍Ϣϡᰃ㾷ⱘ⚍ߚ䱨ᓔⱘ
՟ᄤ˖
㒓DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ᑩ䖍
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

὇በͳᄉὈऄ᭦(base (of a solid))ễ

᷅៪೚᷅ԧЁϸϾᑇ㸠ϨⳌㄝⱘ䴶Ёⱘϔ
䴶DŽễỢЁϢ乊㾦Ⳍᇍⱘ䴶DŽ೚䫹ԧЁⱘ
೚ᔶ䴶DŽ
y= x – 1ᰃߚ⬠㒓DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ᑩ䴶

ᑩ䴶 ᑩ䴶 ᑩ䴶

Mandarin 3
ᄣᮋ‫(ڎ‬box-and-whisker plot)ᰒ⼎᭄ ‫ॶڒ‬ᝇ(central angle)乊⚍೼೚ᖗⱘ㾦DŽ
᥂䲚བԩߚᏗⱘ㾚㾝ᮍ⊩DŽϟ䴶ⱘ՟ᄤҹ
՟ᄤ˖
ϟ߫क⃵⌟偠ߚ᭄Ўḍ᥂˖52ǃ64ǃ75ǃ
79ǃ80ǃ80ǃ81ǃ88ǃ92ǃ99 ⚍Cᰃ೚ᖗDŽ

՟ᄤ˖ ⌟偠ߚ᭄ ğBCAᰃ೚ᖗ㾦

ϟಯߚПϔ Ё䯈 ϞಯߚПϔ ‫(ڒ‬circle)᠔᳝⚍䎱݊Ёᖗ䛑Ⳍㄝⱘᑇ䴶

೒DŽ
ࠓ᧙(capacity)ᆍ఼ⱘ⎆ԧ⌟䞣ԧ⿃DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

∈ ⠯ཊ ⠯ཊ

500 ml 1L 1 ᵃ  1༌㜅1ࡴҥ
‫(ڎ्ڒ‬circle graph)⫼Ἠᔶ㸼⼎᭄᥂䲚
৘䚼ߚⱘ೚೒DŽ೚ᔶ೒г⿄Ў佐೒DŽ
ီॶ(center)೚៪⧗ᔶℷЁ䯈ⱘ⚍DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ୰⃶ⱘᅴ⠽
՟ᄤ˖

⣿
⢫

⧗ᖗ ⧗ᖗ 右

݊ᅗ
஼ᣀ˖ॶ(center of rotation)೒ᔶᮟ䕀
᠔ೈ㒩ⱘ⚍DŽ
‫ڒ‬ֆ(circumference)ೈ㒩೚਼ೈⱘ䎱
՟ᄤ˖ ⾏DŽ
ॳ⚍ᰃᮟ䕀ⱘЁᖗDŽ
ᮟ䕀Ёᖗ ՟ᄤ˖

೚਼

© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ܰѬ‫(्ڎ‬circumscribed figure)ϔϾ
೒ᔶࣙ৿঺ϔ೒ᔶDŽ໮䖍ᔶࣙೈ೚ˈ݊Ё
೚Ϣ໮䖍ᔶⱘ↣ᴵ䖍ⳌߛDŽ
1 ՟ᄤ˖
Ԑ(centi-)㸼⼎ 100 ⱘࠡ㓔DŽ
1
՟ᄤ˖1६㉇˙ 100 ㉇

ϝ㾦ᔶ໪ߛѢ೚DŽ

4 Mandarin
 ᮊௐ᧪(clockwise)೒ᔶⱘ乊䚼৥ে䕀ᯊ Мυஜ(common multiple)԰ЎϸϾ៪
ⱘᮟ䕀ᮍ৥DŽ ϸϾҹϞ㒭ᅮ᭄Ё↣Ͼ᭄ⱘ‫ס‬᭄ⱘ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
3ⱘ‫ס‬᭄˖3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 ......
4ⱘ‫ס‬᭄˖4 8 12 16 20 24 28 ......
12੠24ᰃ3੠4ⱘϸϾ݀‫ס‬᭄DŽ

Ҫก̓૰।(Commutative Property of
Addition)೼ࡴ⊩䖤ㅫЁˈࡴ᭄ⱘ乎ᑣϡ
ॅዜ(clustering)ϔ⾡ᡞ໻㑺Ⳍㄝⱘ᭄԰
ᕅડᘏ੠ⱘᅮᕟDŽ
ЎⳌㄝⱘ᭄໘⧚ⱘԄㅫᮍ⊩DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ a + b = b + a
՟ᄤ˖
18 + 23 = 23 + 18
26 + 24 + 23 㑺Ў25 + 25 + 25ˈ៪㗙3 x 25DŽ

ጆஜ(coefficient)Ϣব䞣ⳌЬⱘᐌ䞣DŽ ˱ก̓૰।(Commutative Property of

Multiplication)೼Ь⊩䖤ㅫЁˈЬ᭄ⱘ乎
՟ᄤ˖ ㋏᭄ব䞣 ᑣϡᕅડЬ⿃ⱘᅮᕟDŽ
12y ՟ᄤ˖ ab = ba
4 x 7 = 7 x 4
ጷՋ(combination)乍ⱘ䲚ড়ˈ݊Ёⱘ
乎ᑣ᮴݇㋻㽕DŽ ᄰᦠᄉஜ(compatible numbers)ᆍᯧ䖯
㸠䅵ㅫⱘϔᇍ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ᇚҢ䖭㒘ᄺ⫳Ё䗝ϸϾ԰ЎྨਬӮ៤ਬ˖Davidǃ ՟ᄤ˖ 30 + 70 40 ÷ 4 25 + 75
JuanitaǃKimDŽ
ৃ㛑ⱘ㒘ড়᳝˖ ᛩϩก(compensation)䗝ᢽϢ乬ⳂЁⱘ
DavidǃJuanitaDavidǃKim JuanitaǃKim
⊼ᛣ˖㒘ড়ĀDavidǃJuanitaāϢ㒘ড়ĀJuanitaǃ
᭄᥹䖥ⱘ䖭ѯ᭄ˈ✊ৢ䇗ᭈㄨḜҹᇍ䗝ᅮ
DavidāⳌৠDŽ ⱘ᭄䖯㸠㸹ٓⱘᖗㅫㄪ⬹DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 99 x 4 = (100 - 1) x 4
Мѫආ(common denominator)ϸϾ៪
ϸϾҹϞߚ᭄ЁⳌৠⱘߚ↡DŽ = (100 x 4) - (1 x 4)

՟ᄤ˖ = 400 - 4
5 1 3 5 11
6 6 12 12 12 = 396

 ݀ߚ↡ ݀ߚ↡ ̈ͷᝇ(complementary angles)㾦ᑺⳌ

ࡴㄝѢ 90° ⱘϸϾ㾦DŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

М‫ځ‬ஜ(common factor)԰ЎϸϾ៪ϸ
՟ᄤ˖
ϾҹϞ᭄ⱘ݅ৠ಴᭄ⱘ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
4ᰃ8ǃ12੠20ⱘ݀಴᭄DŽ
8 = 4 x 2
12 = 4 x 3
20 = 4 x 5

Mandarin 5
Ջஜ(composite number)‫݋‬᳝໮Ѣϸ ్͇ഏည(conditional probability)‫؛‬ᅮ
Ͼ㑺᭄ⱘǃ໻Ѣ 1 ⱘᭈ᭄DŽ џӊ A Ꮖ㒣থ⫳ˈџӊ B থ⫳ⱘὖ⥛DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
15ⱘ㑺᭄Ў˖1, 3, 5, 15 བᵰԴⶹ䘧ϸ⃵⹀ᏕᡩᦋᔧЁ㄀ϔ⃵ᰃ㚠䴶ˈ߭ᡩ
15ᰃড়᭄DŽ ᦋϸ⃵Ҏ༈ⱘὖ⥛ᰃ䳊DŽԚᰃˈབᵰԴⶹ䘧㄀ϔ⃵
7ⱘ㑺᭄Ў˖1, 7 1
ᡩᦋⱘᰃҎ༈ˈϸ⃵䛑ᰃҎ༈ⱘὖ⥛߭Ў 2 DŽ
7ϡᰃড়᭄DŽ
‫ڒ‬᩻(cone)‫݋‬᳝ϔϾ೚ᔶᑩ䴶ⱘゟԧDŽ
‫ܬ‬Ջ͇̂(compound event)⬅ϸϾ៪
ϸϾҹϞऩϾџӊ㒘ড়䍋ᴹⱘџӊDŽ ՟ᄤ˖

՟ᄤ˖

⹀ᏕᡯᦋЁߎ⦄Ҏ༈ⱘϔ䴶Ϩ϶傄ᄤߎ⦄ 1 ᰃϔϾ Кኍ(congruent)‫݋‬᳝Ⳍৠⱘሎᇌ੠ᔶ

໡ড়џӊDŽ ⢊DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
‫ܬ‬ѽ(compound interest)೼ᴀ䞥੠‫ܜ‬
߽ࠡᙃⱘ෎⸔Ϟ䅵ㅫߎⱘ߽ᙃDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
བᵰԴ೼‫ټ‬㪘Ꮴ᠋Ϟᄬܹ$100ˈ↣ᑈ໡߽6%ˈ
㄀ϔᑈԴᇚᢹ᳝$100 + (0.06 x 100) = $106ˈ㗠
㄀ѠᑈԴᇚᢹ᳝$106 + (0.06 x 106) = $112.36DŽ

‫ܬ‬ՋឥԱ(compound statement)䗮䖛ᡞ
ϸϾ៪໮Ͼ䇁হ䖲೼ϔ䍋ᔶ៤ⱘ䘏䕥䇁হDŽ ‫ڒ‬᩻અॕ(conic projection)Փ⫼೚䫹ᔶ
㸼⼎⧗ᔶⱘ೒ᔶᡩᕅDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
10໻Ѣ5Ϩ10ᇣѢ21DŽ ՟ᄤ˖
10໻Ѣ5䖬ᰃ10ᇣѢ5DŽ

ѡܲ᣷्(concave polygon)ᄬ೼ϔᴵ
៪ϔᴵҹϞⱘᇍ㾦㒓ԡѢ೒ᔶ໪䚼ⱘ໮䖍
ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ՋԨជ(conjunction)Փ⫼᭛
ᄫĀ੠āǃĀϨāǃĀϢāㄝ䖲᥹ⱘ䘏䕥
䇁হ䲚ড়DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
x > -2 Ϩ x < 5
 ℷᮍᔶ᳝ 4 Ͼㄝ䭓ⱘ䖍ˈϨℷᮍᔶᰃⶽᔶDŽ

6 Mandarin
 ࣡ஜ(constant)ϔϾϡᬍবⱘ䞣DŽ ‫ڮ‬ಕ(coordinates)⫼Ѣᅮԡതᷛᑇ䴶Ϟ
ϔ⚍ⱘǃ᳝ᑣᇍЁⱘϔᇍ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
೼ҷ᭄ᓣx + 7Ёˈ7ᰃᐌ᭄DŽ ՟ᄤ˖
(5, 6)
࣡ஜ‫(ڎ‬constant graph)㒓ⱘ催ᑺᘦᅮ
ⱘ೒DŽ തᷛ

՟ᄤ˖ ‫ڮ‬ಕࣰ᭦Nj‫ڮ‬ಕጆ(coordinate plane,

coordinate system)⫼Ѣᅮԡ⚍ⱘൖⳈ
੠∈ᑇ᭄ؐ䕈ⳌѸⱘ㋏㒳DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ඊΒ࣡ஜ(constant of proportionality)
x
ᇍѢϸϾব䞣x੠y䞣ˈ᭄ؐ y ᘦ
ᅮDŽ䗮ᐌ⬅k㸼⼎DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
Վͮᝇ
్ࠪ̅ܲጲ౎ឬ
(correspond-
ing angles (for lines))៾㒓Ϣϸᴵ៪ϸ
ᴵҹϞⳈ㒓ⳌѸᯊˈϢ៾㒓ৠջⱘ㾦DŽᔧ
៾㒓Ϣᑇ㸠㒓ⳌѸᯊৠԡ㾦ⳌㄝDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
૰ኪ‫(ߔځ‬conversion factor)⫼Ѣᡞ
䞣ؐҢϔϾऩԡᤶㅫ៤঺ϔϾऩԡⱘᘦㄝ ৠԡ㾦˖
ᗻDŽᅗ㒣ᐌ⫼ߚ᭄ᴹ㸼⼎DŽ ğ1 ੠ğ5
ğ2 ੠ğ6
՟ᄤ˖ ğ3 ੠ğ7
12㣅ᇌ ğ4 ੠ğ8
12㣅ᇌ= 1㣅ሎ˗ 1㣅ሎ
4༌㜅
4༌㜅= 1ࡴҥ˗ 1ࡴҥ

Ѡܲ᣷्(convex polygon)᠔᳝ᇍ㾦㒓 ࠪःᝇ὇‫ڙ‬ᄰͪ‫˖्ڎ‬Ὀ(correspond-

䛑೼೒ᔶ‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘ໮䖍ᔶDŽ ing angles (in similar figures))ⳌԐ೒
ᔶϞⱘऍ䜡㾦DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

՟ᄤ˖

ᇍᑨ㾦˖
ğABC ੠ğXYZ
ğBCA ੠ğYZX
ğCAB ੠ğZXY

Mandarin 7
ࠪः᣷(corresponding sides)ⳌԐ೒ᔶ ᝟ஜԓူ(Counting Principle)བᵰϔ
Ϟⱘऍ䜡䖍DŽ Ͼᚙ‫ৃމ‬ҹ䗮䖛m⾡ᮍᓣߎ⦄ˈ㄀ѠϾ
ᚙ‫ৃމ‬ҹ䗮䖛 n ⾡ᮍᓣߎ⦄ˈ䙷Мࣙ৿ϸ
՟ᄤ˖
⾡ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬џӊᘏ݅ৃҹ䗮䖛 m x n ⾡ᮍᓣ
ߎ⦄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ᡩᦋ⹀Ꮥ᳝2⾡㒧ᵰϨ϶傄ᄤ᳝6⾡㒧ᵰDŽ಴ℸ
ࣙ৿䖭ϸ⾡ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬џӊᘏ᳝݅2 x 6៪㗙12⾡
ᮍᓣߎ⦄DŽ
ᇍᑨ䖍˖
AB੠XY
BC੠YZ
AC੠XZ

ͷह(cosine)ᇍѢⳈ㾦ϝ㾦ᔶϞⱘ䫤㾦
xˈxⱘԭᓺ៪cos(x)Ў䚏䖍
DŽ
᭰䖍
՟ᄤ˖ ̓ԡ˱ሤ(cross product)ϔϾ↨⥛ⱘߚ
ᄤϢ঺ϔϾ↨⥛ⱘߚ↡ⱘЬ⿃DŽ
in.
in. ՟ᄤ˖
   ѸঝЬ⿃˖
in.
䚏䖍
᭰䖍

በழͳ(cube)6Ͼ䴶䛑ᰃܼㄝℷᮍᔶⱘ
ᤣௐ᧪(counterclockwise)೒ᔶⱘ乊䚼
ễ᷅DŽ
৥Ꮊ䕀ᯊⱘᮟ䕀ᮍ৥DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

ԥΒ(counterexample)ᰒ⼎䰜䗄ϡℷ⹂ ʻ൒ழ(cubed)ᦤछࠄϝ⃵ᐖDŽ
ᗻⱘ՟ᄤDŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

՟ᄤ˖2 ⱘϝ⃵ᮍ = 23 = 2 x 2 x 2 = 8
՟ᄤ˖
䰜䗄˖བᵰx • 0 = y • 0ˈ䙷Мx = yDŽ በழӬͮ(cubic unit)⌟䞣ԧ⿃ⱘऩԡˈ
ড՟˖3 × 0 = 0Ϩ5 × 0 = 0ˈԚ3  5DŽ ⬅䖍䭓ㄝѢϔϾऩԡⱘゟᮍԧ㒘៤DŽ
՟ᄤ˖  1ऩԡ

1ऩԡ

1ऩԡ
1ゟᮍऩԡ

8 Mandarin
 ࣡ၸ฽᧙ጆፑ(customary system of ࠴ஜ(decimal)⫼ᇣ᭄⚍‫ⱘߎݭ‬ӏԩ෎Ѣ
measurement)㕢೑ⱘᐌ⫼⌟䞣㋏㒳˖㣅 10 䖯ࠊⱘ᭄DŽ
ᇌǃ㣅ሎǃ㣅䞠ǃⲢৌǃ㣅䬥ǃৼǃᵃǃ
՟ᄤ˖ 6.21 0.59 12.2 5.0
༌㜅ǃࡴҥㄝDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ࠴ஜҪก(decimal addition)ϸϾ៪ϸ
ϾҹϞⱘᇣ᭄ⳌࡴDŽ
Ꮹ‫ܟ‬ජ
໻㉇ ՟ᄤ˖
50 ⠯ཊ 1⺙
㣅䞠
䭓ᑺ 1ࡴҥᆍ⿃ 䞡䞣

࠴ஜᬓก(decimal division)ϸϾᇣ᭄Ⳍ
‫ڒ‬ಎͳ(cylinder)‫݋‬᳝ϸϾᑇ㸠ⱘ೚ᔶᑩ 䰸DŽ
䴶ⱘゟԧDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

‫ڒ‬ಎઅॕ(cylindrical projection)Փ⫼
೚᷅ᔶ㸼⼎⧗ᔶ㸼䴶ⱘ೒ᔶᡩᕅDŽ ࠴ஜ˱ก(decimal multiplication)ϸϾ
៪໮Ͼᇣ᭄ⳌЬDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
2ԡᇣ᭄ԡ
1ԡᇣ᭄ԡ
3ԡᇣ᭄ԡ

࠴ஜђก(decimal subtraction)ϸϾᇣ
᭄Ⳍ‫ޣ‬DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

Ӡ᣷्(decagon)‫݋‬᳝कϾ䖍ⱘ໮䖍
ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ Ӡᤈ҃(decimal system)䗶 10 䖯 1 ⱘ
䖯ԡࠊDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

1
Ӡѫ˧ʶ(deci-)㸼⼎ 10 ⱘࠡ㓔DŽ
1
՟ᄤ˖ 1ߚ㉇˙ 10 ㉇

Mandarin 9
ᤫђ‫(ڎ‬decreasing graph)㒓ⱘ催ᑺҢ ᄰΙ͇̂(dependent events)ϔϾџӊ
Ꮊࠄে䗤ℹϟ䰡ⱘ೒ᔶDŽ 㒧ᵰᕅડ঺ϔϾџӊ㒧ᵰⱘὖ⥛DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
ᡞThereseǃDiane੠Joséⱘৡᄫߚ߿‫ݭ‬೼޴
Ͼ㒌ᴵϞDŽᢑߎᑊֱᄬϔϾ㒌ᴵDŽ᥹ⴔᢑߎ঺ϔ㒌
ᴵDŽ‫؛‬䆒ᢑߎⱘ㄀ϔϾ㒌ᴵϞ‫ⱘݭ‬ᰃThereseⱘ
ৡᄫˈ䙷МᢑߎDiane ৡᄫⱘὖ⥛ᰃ 12 DŽ

‫ځ‬Ԫ᧙(dependent variable)ϔϾߑ᭄
ⱘ䕧ߎব䞣DŽ
՟ᄤ˖  ಴ব䞣
໥ፁ଍ူ(deductive reasoning)䖤⫼䘏   y=x+2
䕥ᴹᕫߎ㒧䆎DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ࠪᝇጲ(diagonal)೼ϔϾ໮䖍ᔶϞˈ䖲
ᔧᡞϔᴵᇍ㾦㒓⏏ࡴࠄӏԩಯ䖍ᔶᯊˈህᔶ៤ϸ ᥹ϸϾϡ೼ৠϔᴵ䖍Ϟⱘ乊⚍ⱘ㒓↉DŽ
Ͼϝ㾦ᔶDŽϝ㾦ᔶⱘ㾦ᑺП੠Ў 180°DŽ಴ℸˈಯ
՟ᄤ˖
䖍ᔶⱘ㾦ᑺП੠ᰃϝ㾦ᔶⱘϸ‫˖ेˈס‬2 x 180° =
360°DŽ
ᇍ㾦㒓

ऎ(°) (degree)㾦ᑺⱘ⌟䞣ऩԡDŽ
1
՟ᄤ˖1°ᰃᭈϾ೚ⱘ 360 DŽ
ᄯफ़(diameter)㒣䖛೚ᖗϨ݊ϸッ⚍೼
೚Ϟⱘ㒓↉៪݊䭓ᑺDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ణᰳ൒ࣥ(degree)೼໮乍ᓣЁˈব䞣ⱘ Ⳉᕘ
᳔໻ᣛ᭄ؐDŽ
՟ᄤ˖5x3 - 2x2 + 7x ⱘ᳔催⃵ᐖᰃ 3DŽ ࢿ(difference)ϔϾ᭄Ϣ঺ϔϾ᭄Ⳍ‫ⱘޣ‬
㒧ᵰDŽ
Ӡ(deka-)㸼⼎10ⱘࠡ㓔DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 28 - 15 = 13
՟ᄤ˖1क㉇= 10㉇
    Ꮒ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ѫආ(denominator)ߚ᭄Ёߚ᭄㒓ϟ䴶
ⱘ᭄ᄫҹᰒ⼎ᭈԧ㹿ߚ៤њ໮ᇥӑDŽ ᬀડͣஜߙ(digit)⫼Ѣ‫ݭ‬᭄ᄫ0ǃ1ǃ
2ǃ3ǃ4ǃ5ǃ6ǃ7ǃ8੠9ⱘヺোDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
 ೼5,847Ёˈ䰓ᢝԃ᭄ᄫᰃ
 5ǃ8ǃ4੠7DŽ
ߚ↡

10 Mandarin
 ͨ᎕(dilation)೒ᔶᣝϔᅮ↨՟㓽ᇣ៪ᠽ ᬓก(division)ᡞϔϾᭈԧߚࡆ៤໮ᇥⳌ
໻DŽ ㄝ㒘៪↣Ͼ᠔ߚࡆⱘⳌㄝ㒘Ё᳝໮ᇥⱘ䖤
ㅫDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ᇣⶽᔶᇍ໻ⶽᔶⱘԌ㓽↨՟㋏᭄Ў3DŽ ՟ᄤ˖
cm

cm

cm
cm
18ߚ៤6㒘↣㒘᳝3ϾDŽ18ߚ៤3㒘↣㒘᳝6ϾDŽ

ൣԪѫ(direct variation)ϸϾব䞣ⱘ↨ ᬓஜ(divisor)⫼ᴹ䰸঺ϔϾ᭄ⱘ᭄DŽ

՟ᘦᅮDŽ
՟ᄤ˖   䰸᭄
՟ᄤ˖
8÷4=2
ᯊ䯈ҹᇣᯊ䅵(x)
䎱⾏ҹ㣅䞠䅵(y) Ӡ̃᣷्(dodecagon)‫݋‬᳝कѠϾ䖍ⱘ
໮䖍ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ౡԨ(disjunction)⬅䆡Ā៪ā䖲᥹ⱘ䘏
䕥䇁হ䲚DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
x > 4 or x < -1
 ៥Ӏএⳟ⬉ᕅ៪ⳟ⬉㾚DŽ

ѫᦠ।(Distributive Property) Ԥ్‫(ڎ‬double bar graph)↨䕗ϸϾⳌ

a(b + c) = ab + acⱘᅮᕟDŽ ᭄݇᥂䲚ⱘϸϾᴵᔶ೒ⱘ㒘ড়DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ᅴ⠽
՟ᄤ˖3(6 + 5) = 3 ⋅ 6 + 3 ⋅ 5

ᜁᬓஜ(dividend)೼䰸⊩䖤ㅫЁ㹿䰸ⱘ
䙷Ͼ᭄DŽ
ᄺ⫳Ҏ᭄

ϗᑈ㑻
՟ᄤ˖
ܿᑈ㑻
 㹿䰸᭄
⢫ ⣿ 右 ᮴
8÷4=2
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ஞᬓ(divisible)ৃҹ㹿঺ϔϾ᭄Ⳍ䰸㗠
᮴ԭ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖18ৃ㹿6ᭈ䰸ˈ಴Ў18 ÷ 6 = 3DŽ

Mandarin 11
Ԥጲ‫(ڎ‬double line graph)ϸϾ㒓ᔶ೒ ኍԺᑞᄉፆ౦(equally-likely outcomes)
ⱘ㒘ড়ˈᇍϸϾⳌ᭄݇᥂䲚䖯㸠↨䕗DŽ ‫݋‬᳝Ⳍৠὖ⥛ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 㕢೑Ҏষ ՟ᄤ˖
㪱
᭄䞣˄ⱒϛ˅

18 ቕҹϟ 㓓 㑶

咘 ♄
ⱑ

 ϶ࠄ“1” ᮟ䕀ࠄ㑶㡆ⱘ
65 ቕঞҹϞ 1 1
 ὖ⥛˖ 6 ὖ⥛˖ 6

ኍඊ(equal ratios)ᣛᅮⳌৠ䞣ⱘ↨⥛DŽ
ԤᔼՀ‫(ڎ‬double stem-and-leaf
2 1 4
diagram)೼ϔϾ೒Ёᇍϸ㒘᭄᥂䖯㸠㣢 ՟ᄤ˖ 6 , 3 , ੠ 12
৊↨䕗DŽ
ኍय(equation)㸼⼎ϸϾ㸼䖒ᓣⳌㄝⱘ
՟ᄤ˖
৊ 㣢 ৊ ᭄ᄺহᄤDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
14 = 2x 3 +y = 81 3+4=7

ኍ᣷ʻᝇ्(equilateral triangle)ϝ䖍
‫݋‬᳝Ⳍৠ䭓ᑺⱘϝ㾦ᔶDŽ
᣷(edge)໮䖍ᔶⱘϸϾ䴶ⳌѸⱘ㒓↉DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

ኍ͈ழር(equivalent equations)‫݋‬᳝
ቪཁ(endpoint)೼㒓↉៪ᇘ㒓᳿ッⱘ ᅠܼⳌৠⱘ㕂ᤶব䞣ⱘᮍ⿟DŽ
⚍DŽ
՟ᄤ˖x - 5 = 10 ੠ x = 15
՟ᄤ˖
ኍ͈ᛪ᣹य(equivalent expressions)
ッ⚍
ᇍѢⳌৠⱘ㕂ᤶˈϸϾ㸼䖒ᓣྟ㒜‫݋‬᳝Ⳍ
ৠؐDŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

՟ᄤ˖5(x + 1)੠5x + 5

ኍय(equality)ᅠܼⳌৠⱘ᭄ᄺ݇㋏DŽ ᄰኍᄉѫஜ(equivalent fractions)㸼⼎

՟ᄤ˖16 + 8 = 24 25 ÷ 5 = 5 Ⳍৠⱘ᭄ⱘϸϾߚ᭄DŽ
1 8
՟ᄤ˖ 2 ੠ 16

12 Mandarin
 ኍՎᤳည(equivalent rates) ࡘधय(expanded form)‫ߎݭ‬ᰒ⼎᠔᳝
䗳⥛Ⳍৠⱘ䞣DŽ ऩϾ಴ᄤⱘᣛ᭄ⱘᮍ⊩DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖ ᣛ᭄  93
40㣅䞠 20㣅䞠   ሩᓔᓣ 9x9x9
   
2ᇣᯊ ੠ 1ᇣᯊ
ណᰍ(experiment)೼ὖ⥛Ёˈ⍝ঞ‫✊ي‬
ᗻⱘӏԩ㸠ЎDŽ
ኍඊည(equivalent ratios)㾕ㄝ↨DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ᡩᏕ  ϶傄ᄤ 㒎㒅ᴎ㒎㒅
Ԅ䅵(estimate)䅵ㅫ㒧ᵰⱘ䖥ԐؐDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ណᰍഏည(experimental probability)ҹ
䆩偠៪䇗ᶹⱘ᭄᥂Ўḍ᥂ⱘὖ⥛DŽ
Ԅ䅵˖
 ՟ᄤ˖
䈚㹟ᡩܹ⦃Ё100⃵DŽ᳝23⃵ᡩЁDŽᡩЁⱘ䆩
23
偠ὖ⥛Ў100 23%DŽ
ൖડழር(Euler’s formula)᳝݇໮䴶ԧ
Ё䴶(F)ǃ乊⚍(V)੠䖍(E)ⱘ᭄䞣ⱘᮍ
ૈஜ(exponent)ϔϾᰒ⼎䞡໡‫ס‬᭄ⱘᦤ
⿟ˈ㸼⼎ЎF + V - E = 2DŽ
छⱘ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖ ᣛ᭄
ᇍѢ᠔⼎ϝễ䫹ˈ
5 + 5 - 8 =2 43 = 4 x 4 x 4 = 64
䴶乊⚍䖍
ૈஜѥஜ(exponential function)݊Ёᣛ
᭄Ўব䞣ⱘ䴲㒓ᗻߑ᭄DŽ
යϘ(evaluate)᳓ᤶ㸼䖒ᓣЁⱘব䞣
՟ᄤ˖ y = x4
ؐˈ✊ৢ߽⫼䖤ㅫ乎ᑣ䖯㸠ㅔ࣪DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ᇍѢx = 10ˈ∖8(xˉ3)ⱘؐDŽ ૈஜ᝟ஜก(exponential notation)Փ⫼
8(x - 3) = 8(10 - 3) ᣛ᭄‫ߎݭ‬ϔϾ᭄ⱘ䞡໡‫ס‬᭄ⱘᮍ⊩DŽ
= 8(7)
= 56 ՟ᄤ˖28 52 93

ϥஜ(even number)Ͼԡ᭄ᄫЎ0ǃ2ǃ ᛪ᣹य(expression)⬅ব䞣੠៪᭄ᄫঞ

4ǃ6៪8ⱘᭈ᭄DŽ 䖤ㅫヺো㒘៤ⱘ᭄ᄺⷁ䇁DŽ

՟ᄤ˖ 16 28 34 112 3000 ՟ᄤ˖5(8 + 4) x-3 2x + 4

© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

͇̂(event)䆩偠៪ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬㒧ᵰ៪㒧ᵰⱘ
䲚ড়DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
џӊ˖  ϶ϔϾ傄ᄤᯊ㦋ᕫ3
   ៪᳈໻ⱘ᭄DŽ
䖭Ͼџӊⱘ
ৃ㛑㒧ᵰ˖  3, 4, 5, 6

Mandarin 13
ܰᝇ(exterior angles)ᔧϔᴵ៾㒓こ䖛 Ꮱᣀ(flip)㾕ডᇘDŽ
ϸᴵⳈ㒓ᯊˈ೼䖭ϸᴵⳈ㒓໪䚼ⱘ㾦ি‫خ‬
໪㾦DŽ 㣅ሎ(foot)ᐌ⫼⌟䞣㋏㒳ЁϔϾㄝѢ12
㣅ᇌⱘऩԡDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
໪䚼 ՟ᄤ˖

‫ݙ‬䚼

໪䚼
1㣅ሎ
໪㾦˖ğ1,ğ2,ğ7,ğ8
Мय(formula)ᰒ⼎䞣Ϣ䞣П䯈݇㋏ⱘ㾘
᭦(face)ゟԧϞⱘᑇ䴶DŽ ߭DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖A = bh p = 4s

䴶
ѫ्ͳ(fractal)‫݋‬᳝㞾៥ⳌԐⱘ೒ḜDŽ
བᵰᬒ໻ߚᔶԧЁⱘϔϾᇣ䚼ߚˈᬒ໻ⱘ
ऎඳⳟϞএϢॳᴹⱘ೒ᔶⳌԐDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
‫ځ‬ஜ(factor)ৃᇚ঺ϔϾ᭄ᭈ䰸㗠᮴ԭ᭄
ⱘ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖಴Ў30r5˙6ˈ᠔ҹ5ᰃ30ⱘ಴᭄DŽ

᫼˱(factorial)᭄ⱘ䰊ЬᰃҢ 1 ࠄ䙷
Ͼ᭄ⱘ᠔᳝ᭈ᭄ⱘЬ⿃DŽ䰊Ьⱘヺোᰃ ѫஜ(fraction)ᔧᭈԧߚࡆ៤໮ϾⳌㄝ䚼
a
āāDŽ ߚᯊˈᦣ䗄ᭈԧϔ䚼ߚⱘǃҹ b ᔶᓣ㸼
⼎ⱘ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖6 ⱘ䰊Ь = 6! = 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 720
3 2 1 7
՟ᄤ˖ 5 7 4 10
‫ځ‬ஜಝ‫(ڎ‬factor tree)ᰒ⼎ϔϾᭈ᭄བ
ԩߚ㾷៤ᅗⱘ䋼಴᭄ⱘ೒DŽ ѫஜҪก(fraction addition)ϸϾ៪໮Ͼ
ߚ᭄ⳌࡴDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

Мࣰຣ੅(fair game)␌៣Ё৘ᮍഛ᳝Ⳍ ѫஜᬓก(fraction division)ϸϾߚ᭄Ⳍ

ৠ㦋㚰ὖ⥛ⱘ␌៣DŽ 䰸DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
݀ᑇ␌៣˖␌៣ঠᮍ䕂⌕϶傄ᄤDŽAᮍ϶ࠄ1ǃ3
៪5ᯊ৘ᕫϔߚDŽBᮍ϶ࠄ2ǃ4៪6ᯊ৘ᕫ
1
ϔߚDŽᕫϔߚⱘὖ⥛ᇍѢ␌៣ঠᮍ䛑ᰃ 2 DŽ
៪

14 Mandarin
 ѫஜ˱ก(fraction multiplication)ϸϾ ኪశ۲ᆨူ᝶(Fundamental Theorem
៪໮Ͼߚ᭄ⳌЬDŽ of Arithmetic)᠔᳝໻Ѣⱘᭈ᭄ৃҹ㹿
‫ݭ‬៤䋼᭄ⱘଃϔЬ⿃DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖24 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
35 = 5 x 7

Ҫ̰(gallon)ᐌ⫼⌟䞣㋏㒳ЁϔϾㄝѢ 4
༌㜅ⱘऩԡDŽ
ѫஜђก(fraction subtraction)ϸϾߚ ՟ᄤ˖
᭄Ⳍ‫ޣ‬DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
⠯ཊ

1ࡴҥ

іʹ(geometry)ⷨお⚍ǃ㒓ǃ೒ᔶ੠ゟ
ԧП䯈ⱘ݇㋏ⱘϔϾ᭄ᄺߚᬃDŽ
ᮟည(frequency)೼ϔ⃵䇗ᶹЁᶤϾџӊ
থ⫳ⱘ⃵᭄DŽ㾕乥⥛೒DŽ іʹഏည(geometric probability)ҹ↨
䕗޴ԩ೒ᔶ⌟䞣Ў෎⸔ⱘὖ⥛DŽ
ᮟည‫੊ڎ‬ᮟညᛪ(frequency chart or ՟ᄤ˖
table)ᰒ⼎џӊߚ㉏੠џӊথ⫳乥⥛ⱘ ໻ℷᮍᔶⱘ䴶⿃ 3 x 3៪
㸼DŽ 9ᑇᮍ㣅ᇌ
in. in.
՟ᄤ˖ in. 䰈ᕅⱘ䴶⿃= 9ᑇᮍ㣅ᇌ
㹀㸿买㡆 乥⥛ - 1ᑇᮍ㣅ᇌ= 8ᑇᮍ㣅ᇌ
咥㡆 8
3 in. 㨑ܹ䰈ᕅऎඳⱘὖ⥛  9
㻤㡆
ⱑ㡆
㪱㡆 ኍඊஜѴ(geometric sequence)݊Ⳍ䚏
ϸ乍П↨ྟ㒜Ⳍㄝⱘ᭄߫DŽ
ґቪͤ᝟(front-end estimation)ҙ⫼↣ ՟ᄤ˖
Ͼ᭄ⱘ㄀ϔ៪㄀Ѡԡ᭄䖯㸠䅵ㅫⱘԄㅫᮍ
⊩ˈϨ㒧ᵰḍ᥂ሒ᭄䖯㸠䇗ᭈDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ϔԡ᭄ⱘࠡッԄ䅵
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

А(gram)೼݀ࠊЁ䞡䞣ⱘ෎ᴀऩԡDŽ
㄀ϔԡ᭄ⳌࡴDŽ ՟ᄤ˖
485 + 698 ⱘؐ㑺Ў1,200DŽ


ѥஜ(function)ᇍѢ↣Ͼ䕧ܹˈা᳝ϔ
Ͼ䕧ߎⱘ䕧ܹ䕧ߎ݇㋏DŽ ϔϾ໻ಲᔶ䩜ⱘ䞡䞣㑺Ў1‫ܟ‬DŽ

՟ᄤ˖
y=x+4 y = 2x y = x2

Mandarin 15
‫ڎ‬ᛪ(graph)᳝ᴵϡ㋞ഄᰒ⼎ֵᙃⱘ೒DŽ Н᣷्(hexagon)‫݋‬᳝݁Ͼ䖍ⱘ໮䖍
ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ⌟偠㒧ᵰ
㣢 ৊ ՟ᄤ˖
ᄺ⫳Ҏ᭄

ᑈ㑻

ణܷМ‫ځ‬ஜ(greatest common factor

ಎ्‫(ڎ‬histogram)ϔ㉏ᴵᔶ೒ˈ݊Ёⱘ
(GCF))ৃҹ䰸ϸϾ៪ϸϾҹϞⱘᭈ᭄㗠
৘Ͼ㉏߿‫݋‬᳝Ⳍㄝⱘ᭄ᄫ㣗ೈDŽ
᮴ԭ᭄ⱘ᳔໻ᭈ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 䇗ᶹ㒧ᵰ
՟ᄤ˖6ᰃ12ǃ18੠24ⱘGCFDŽ

乥⥛
ᄇ
(hecto-)㸼⼎100ⱘࠡ㓔DŽ
՟ᄤ˖1ⱒ㉇ 100㉇
ᑈ啘㒘
ᰳ(height)೼ϝ㾦ᔶǃಯ䖍ᔶ៪ễ䫹
ϞˈᣛҢᑩ䴶ࠄⳌᇍ乊⚍៪ᇍ䖍ⱘൖⳈ䎱 පࣰᣈ(horizontal axis)೼݊Ϟᓎゟᴵ
⾏DŽ೼ễ᷅៪೚᷅ԧϞˈᣛϸᑩ䴶П䯈ⱘ ᔶ೒៪തᷛᑇ䴶ⱘϸᴵ㒓Ёⱘ∈ᑇ㒓DŽ
䎱⾏DŽ ՟ᄤ˖

՟ᄤ˖ ୰⃶ⱘ买㡆

催 催
乥⥛

∈ᑇ䕈

㑶 㪱
ʸ᣷्(heptagon)‫݋‬᳝ϗϾ䖍ⱘ໮䖍
ᔶDŽ ன᣷(hypotenuse)೼Ⳉ㾦ϝ㾦ᔶЁϢⳈ
՟ᄤ˖ 㾦Ⳍᇍⱘ䖍DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
᭰䖍

ӠНᤈ҃(hexadecimal number sys-

© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

tem)䗶16䖯1ⱘ䖯ԡࠊDŽ ӬͮЊገ(identity)ӏԩ䖤ㅫЁˈՓ঺
ϔϾ᭄ֱᣕϡবⱘ᭄DŽ0ᰃࡴ⊩ⱘऩԡ‫ܗ‬
՟ᄤ˖
ᄫ↡A-F⫼Ѣ㸼⼎᭄ᄫ10-15DŽक݁䖯ࠊ᭄ ㋴ˈ಴Ўa + 0 = aDŽ1ᰃЬ⊩ⱘऩԡ‫ܗ‬
A3CEㄝѢक䖯ࠊ˄䗶10䖯1˅ⱘ41,934 ㋴ˈ಴Ўa x 1 = aDŽ
(40,960 + 768 + 192 + 14)DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 6+0=6
䗶16䖯ϔ 5x1=5

ԡؐ
‫ݟ‬౦ᥦ˥ឥԱ(if-then statement)
Ь⿃
⫼Āབᵰā੠Ā䙷Мāᴹ㸼⼎ϸϾᴵӊП
䯈ⱘ݇㋏ⱘ䘏䕥䇁হDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
བᵰϝ㾦ᔶᰃϡㄝ䖍ϝ㾦ᔶˈ䙷Мᅗⱘ䖍ϡⳌㄝDŽ
16 Mandarin
 ϛѫஜ(improper fraction)ߚᄤ໻Ѣ៪ ʿኍय(inequality)᭄ᄺ䇁হЁࣙ৿<
ㄝѢߚ↡ⱘߚ᭄DŽ >≤៪≥DŽ
5 8 14 ՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖ 2 8 3
6<9 x + 3 ≥ 21 2x - 8 > 0
ᤫ‫(ڎܘ‬increasing graph)㒓ⱘ催ᑺҢ
Ꮊࠄে䗤ℹ๲ࡴⱘ೒DŽ Юଋ‫(्ڎ‬inscribed figure)ࣙ৿೼঺ϔ
Ͼ೒ᔶ‫ⱘݙ‬೒ᔶDŽབᵰ໮䖍ᔶⱘ᠔᳝乊⚍
՟ᄤ˖ 䛑೼೚Ϟˈ䙷М⿄໮䖍ᔶ‫᥹ݙ‬Ѣ೚DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

໮䖍ᔶ‫᥹ݙ‬Ѣ೚DŽ

ஞஜ(integers)ℷᭈ᭄ǃ䋳ᭈ᭄੠ⱘ
ᔭࠩ(inch)ᐌ⫼⌟䞣ԧ㋏ЁⱘϔϾ䭓ᑺ 䲚ড়DŽ
ऩԡDŽ ՟ᄤ˖ ......, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ......
3 3
՟ᄤ˖ಲᔶ䩜⌟䞣ⱘؐЎ1 8 㣅ᇌ៪1 8 "DŽ

ஞஜҪก(integer addition)ϸϾ៪ϸϾ
ҹϞⱘᭈ᭄ⳌࡴDŽ
࿗በ͇̂(independent events)ϔϾ ՟ᄤ˖
џӊⱘ㒧ᵰϡᕅડ঺ϔϾџӊⱘ㒧ᵰⱘὖ
⥛DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ThereseǃDiane੠Joséⱘৡᄫߚ߿‫ݭ‬೼޴Ͼ㒌 ஞஜᬓก(integer division)ϸϾᭈ᭄Ⳍ
ᴵϞDŽᢑߎϔϾ㒌ᴵᑊᬒಲDŽ᥹ⴔᢑߎ঺ϔ㒌ᴵDŽ 䰸DŽ
‫؛‬䆒ᢑߎThereseⱘৡᄫ೼㄀ϔϾ㒌ᴵϞˈ䙷М
ᇚᢑߎDianeৡᄫⱘὖ⥛ᰃ1⁄3DŽ ՟ᄤ˖

ᒬԪ᧙(independent variable)ϔϾߑ
᭄ⱘ䕧ܹব䞣DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ஞஜ˱ก(integer multiplication)ϸϾ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

㞾ব䞣 ៪ϸϾҹϞⱘᭈ᭄ⳌЬDŽ
y=x+2 ՟ᄤ˖

ॅጩ଍ူ(inductive reasoning)䖤⫼῵
ൟᕫߎ㒧䆎DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ஞஜђก(integer subtraction)ϸϾᭈ
⬏ߎ໮Ͼಯ䖍ᔶᑊ⌟䞣ᅗӀⱘ㾦ᑺDŽ↣Ͼ໮䖍ᔶⱘ ᭄Ⳍ‫ޣ‬DŽ
㾦ᑺП੠ᰃ360°DŽᕫߎⱘ㒧䆎ᰃಯ䖍ᔶⱘ㾦ᑺП
੠ᰃ360°DŽ ՟ᄤ˖

Mandarin 17
ѽো(interest)Ў⫼䪅㗠ᬃҬⱘ䪅DŽ ᤣԪѫ(inverse variation)ϸϾব䞣ⱘ
Ь⿃ᘦᅮDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
Dave೼ᄬ‫ټ‬Ꮴ᠋Ϟᄬњ$300DŽ1ᑈৢҪⱘᏤ᠋ ՟ᄤ˖
㒧ԭЎ$315DŽҪ೼㞾Ꮕⱘᄬ‫ټ‬Ꮴ᠋Ϟ㦋ᕫ$15
ⱘ߽ᙃDŽ

Юᝇ(interior angles)ᔧϔᴵ៾㒓こ䖛
ϸᴵⳈ㒓ᯊˈϸᴵⳈ㒓‫ݙ‬䚼ⱘ㾦⿄԰‫ݙ‬
㾦DŽ
௃ူஜ(irrational number)ϡ㛑㸼⼎Ў
՟ᄤ˖ ᕾ⦃ᇣ᭄៪᳝䰤ᇣ᭄ⱘ᭄ˈ՟བ¥2DŽ
໪䚼
՟ᄤ˖
‫ݙ‬㾦˖ğ3, ğ4,
ğ5 ੠ ğ6
‫ݙ‬䚼

໪䚼 ኍᡯႆก(isometric drawing)⫼Ѣ㒭೒
԰䗣㾚ⱘᮍ⊩DŽ

ᄰ̓(intersect)೒ᔶこ䖛ৠϔ⚍DŽ ՟ᄤ˖

՟ᄤ˖

g g g
ABǃCD੠EF
ⳌѸѢ⚍XDŽ
ኍᒈʻᝇ्(isosceles triangle)㟇ᇥϸ
䖍Ⳍㄝⱘϝ㾦ᔶDŽ

՟ᄤ˖
ᫍᬥ(interval)ᴵᔶ೒៪㒓ᔶ೒↨՟Ϟㄝ
ሎᇌߚ䱨ⱘϔϾऩԡDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

䯈䱨
ӡ(kilo-)㸼⼎1000ⱘࠡ㓔DŽ
՟ᄤ˖1ग㉇ 1000㉇

ጣऎ(latitude)䌸䘧ҹ࣫៪ҹफⱘᑺ᭄ⱘ
ᤣᤁኪ(inverse operations)↣ϔℹ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

⌟䞣DŽ
䛑ĀⳌডāⱘ䖤ㅫDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
ࡴ⊩੠‫⊩ޣ‬ 2+3=5 5-3=2
Ь⊩੠䰸⊩ 2•3=6 6÷3=2
40°N
㒀ᑺᰃ20°N
20°N

0°䌸䘧

18 Mandarin
 ణ࠴Мѫආ(least common denomina- ጲ्‫(ڎ‬line graph)⫼ϔᴵ㒓㸼⼎᭄᥂
tor (LCD))ϸϾ៪ϸϾҹϞⱘߚ↡ⱘ᳔ᇣ ˄䗮ᐌ䱣ᯊ䯈᥼⿏˅ব࣪ⱘ೒DŽ
݀‫ס‬᭄˄LCM˅DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ݀ৌ䫔ଂ
1 2 3
՟ᄤ˖ 2 3 4

᭄䞣˄ⱒϛ˅
2ǃ3੠4ⱘ᳔ᇣ݀‫ס‬᭄ᰃ12ˈ಴ℸߚ᭄ⱘ᳔ᇣ
݀ߚ↡ᰃ12DŽ
6 8 9
ҹ᳔ᇣ݀ߚ↡‫ߚⱘߎݭ‬᭄ᰃ 12 , 12 ੠ 12 DŽ

ణ࠴Мυஜ(least common multiple ᑈ

(LCM))݀‫ס‬᭄Ё᳔ᇣⱘ᭄DŽ
ࠪሥጲ(line of symmetry)ᇚ೒ᔶᇍ⿄
՟ᄤ˖ ഄߚ៤Ⳍৠⱘϸ䚼ߚⱘ㒓DŽ
3ⱘ‫ס‬᭄˖3ǃ6ǃ9ǃ12ǃ15ǃ18ǃ21ǃ24
4ⱘ‫ס‬᭄˖4ǃ8ǃ12ǃ16ǃ20ǃ24ǃ28ǃ32 ՟ᄤ˖
12ᰃ3੠4ⱘ᳔ᇣ݀‫ס‬᭄DŽ

ᄯᝇ᣷(leg)Ⳉ㾦ϝ㾦ᔶЁϡᰃ᭰䖍ⱘϔ
Ͼ䖍DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 1ᴵᇍ⿄㒓 4ᴵᇍ⿄㒓

᭰䖍 ጲ‫(ڎ‬line plot)䗮䖛೼ϔᴵ᭄ؐ䕈Ϟ೼↣
Ⳉ㾦䖍
ϾؐϞේ঴ x 㸼⼎᭄᥂䲚ᔶ⢊ⱘ೒DŽ
Ⳉ㾦䖍 ՟ᄤ˖

Վѫආ(like denominators)ϸϾ៪ϸϾ
ҹϞߚ᭄Ёߚ↡Ⳍৠⱘߚ↡DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ᄺ⫳Ҏ᭄

ጲൿ(line segment)Ⳉ㒓ⱘϔ䚼ߚˈ‫݋‬
ৠߚ↡ ᳝ϸϾッ⚍DŽϸ⚍⹂ᅮϔᴵ㒓↉DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
Վዜᮉ(like terms)‫݋‬᳝Ⳍৠব䞣Ϩᣛ᭄
Ⳍৠⱘ乍DŽ ៪
՟ᄤ˖3x2੠9x2  10y੠2y
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ጲࠪሥ(line symmetry)བᵰ೒ᔶৃҹ
ጲ(line)⊓ϸϾᮍ৥ᓊԌ㗠᮴ッ⚍ⱘϔ㓈
ߚ៤Ⳍৠⱘϸ䚼ߚˈ䙷М⿄䖭Ͼ೒ᔶ㒓ᇍ
೒ᔶDŽϸ⚍⹂ᅮϔᴵⳈ㒓DŽ
⿄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖


 㒓ᇍ⿄ⱘ೒ 䴲㒓ᇍ⿄ⱘ೒

Mandarin 19
ጲবழር(linear equation)݊೒㾷ЎⳈ ፂऎ(longitude)ᴀ߱ᄤज㒓ҹϰ៪ҹ㽓
㒓ⱘᮍ⿟DŽ ⱘᑺ᭄ⱘ⌟䞣DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖

㒣ᑺЎ
40° W

ጲবѥஜ(linear function)݊೒ᔶЎⳈ
   ᴀ߱ᄤज㒓
㒓ⱘߑ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ʽ‫ٽ‬ѫͮஜ(lower quartile)᭄᥂䲚ϟϔ
䕧ܹ 䕧ߎ ञⱘЁؐDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ϟಯߚԡ᭄ Ёؐ Ϟಯߚԡ᭄

ణͯᮉ(lowest terms)ߚᄤߚ↡ҙ᳝݀
಴᭄1ⱘߚ᭄DŽ
ጲবʿኍय(linear inequality)ࣙ৿< 1 3 21
>≤៪≥ⱘ᭄ᄺ䇁হˈ݊೒ᔶЎ‫݋‬᳝Ⳉ ՟ᄤ˖ 2 5 23
㒓䖍⬠ⱘऎඳDŽ
᠎᧙(mass)⠽ԧࣙ৿ⱘ⠽䋼䞣DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖

ϔϾ㨵㧘ᑆⱘ䋼䞣Ў1‫ܟ‬DŽϔঠ䖤ࡼ䵟ⱘ䋼䞣Ў1ग‫ܟ‬DŽ

ࣰ‫ڨ‬Ϙ(mean)᭄᥂䲚ড়Ёⱘؐⱘᘏ੠䰸
ӣ(liter)೼݀ࠊЁᆍ⿃ⱘ෎ᴀऩԡDŽ ҹؐⱘ᭄䞣DŽг⿄԰ᑇഛ᭄DŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
27 27 27 29 32 33 36 38 42 43 62
  ᘏ᭄˖396
  ؐⱘ᭄䞣˖11
2छⱘ⫊ᄤ
  ഛؐ˖396 ÷ 11 = 36

20 Mandarin
 ฽᧙ឧࢿ(measurement error)⌟䞣Ё М҃(metric system)ҹ㉇ǃ‫ܟ‬੠छЎ෎
ⱘϡ⹂ᅮᑺDŽ⌟䞣Ё᳔໻ৃ㛑䇃ᏂЎ᠔Փ ⸔ऩԡⱘ⌟䞣ԧ㋏DŽ
⫼ⱘ᳔ᇣऩԡⱘϔञDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
໻㑺1㉇
಴Ў㣅ᇌЎ᳔ᇣऩ 2छⱘ
ԡˈ᳔໻ৃ㛑䇃Ꮒ ໻㑺 ⫊ᄤ
1
Ў 2 㣅ᇌDŽ᠔ҹ 1‫ܟ‬
1
ᅲ䰙催ᑺ೼5’ 5 2 ”
1 䭓ᑺ 䋼䞣 ᆍ䞣
Ϣ5’ 6 2 ”П䯈DŽ

   ˖ཁ(midpoint)ᡞ㒓↉ߚ៤Ⳍৠⱘϸᇣ
↉ⱘ⚍DŽ
ᬶ˖ᡕҸஜ(measure of central ten-
՟ᄤ˖ CᰃABⱘЁ⚍ˈ
dency)ᇍϔ㒘᭄᭄ؐ᥂∖੠ⱘऩϔؐDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ഛؐǃЁؐ੠ӫ᭄ᰃᐌ㾕ⱘ䲚Ё䍟࢓᭄DŽ ACⱘ䭓ᑺ CBⱘ䭓ᑺ

ӫ᭄
ᔭ᧖(mile)ᐌ⫼⌟䞣ԧ㋏ЁϔϾㄝѢ
Ёؐ
5280 㣅ሎⱘऩԡDŽ
ഛؐ = 396 ÷ 36 = 11
՟ᄤ˖
˖Ϙ(median)ᔧؐᣝ᭄ᄫ乎ᑣᥦ߫ᯊϔ ϔ㣅䞠ᰃԴৃҹ೼
㒘᭄᥂ⱘЁ䯈ؐDŽ 15ࠄ20ߚ䩳‫ݙ‬䍄
ᅠ៪೼໻㑺10ߚ䩳
՟ᄤ˖ ‫ݙ‬䎥ᅠⱘ䎱⾏DŽ

 
Ёؐ
1
ӡѫ˧ʶ(milli-)㸼⼎ 1000 ⱘࠡ㓔DŽ
ॶኪ(mental math)ϡ⫼䪙ヨ੠㒌៪䅵
1
ㅫ఼ˈ೼ᖗЁ䅵ㅫDŽ ՟ᄤ˖1↿㉇  1000 ㉇
՟ᄤ˖
2000 x 30
ࣛѫஜ(mixed number)⬅ϔϾᭈ᭄੠ϔ
3 Ͼ䳊 + 1 Ͼ䳊 = 4 Ͼ䳊 Ͼߚ᭄ᵘ៤ⱘ᭄DŽ
ᛇϔᛇ˖2 x 3 = 6ˈࡴ4Ͼ䳊 ՟ᄤ˖ 3
1
1
3
13
3
2 4 8
2000 x 30 = 60,000
͔ஜ(mode)᭄᥂䲚ড়Ёߎ⦄᳔໮ⱘؐDŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ዚ(meter)೼݀ࠊЁ䭓ᑺⱘ෎ᴀऩԡDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
1㉇
ᇍѢ㒭ߎⱘ᭄᥂䲚ড়ˈ27ᰃӫ᭄DŽ

Ầ⧗⧗Ầ䭓㑺1㉇DŽ

Mandarin 21
Ӭᮉय(monomial)া‫݋‬᳝ϔ乍ⱘҷ᭄㸼 ̈஭(mutually exclusive)བᵰџӊA
䖒ᓣDŽ ៪BЁⱘϔϾথ⫳ˈ䙷М঺ϔϾϡӮথ
⫳DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 2x2 5y x3 -3
՟ᄤ˖
υஜ(multiple)ϔϾ㒭ᅮⱘ᭄੠঺ϔϾᭈ བᵰ໪䚼⏽ᑺЎ90°ˈ䙷М⦄೼ϡϟ䲾DŽ
᭄ⱘЬ⿃DŽ བᵰ໮䖍ᔶҙ᳝ϝᴵ䖍ˈ䙷МᅗϡӮ᳝4Ͼ㾦DŽ

՟ᄤ˖ ᠆ஜ(negative numbers)ᇣѢ䳊ⱘ᭄DŽ

಴Ў3 x 7 = 21ˈ᠔ҹ21ᰃ3੠7ⱘ‫ס‬᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
˱ก(multiplication)ᡞ⿄԰಴᭄ⱘϸϾ  䋳᭄  ℷ᭄
᭄㒘ড়ᕫߎϔϾ㹿⿄԰Ь⿃ⱘ᭄ⱘ䖤ㅫDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
᠆ᄰС(negative relationship)ᔧϔϾ
3㸠ˈ↣㸠6Ͼ ᭄᥂䲚ড়Ёⱘ᭄ؐ๲ࡴᯊ㗠঺ϔϾ᭄᥂䲚
ড়Ёⱘؐ‫ޣ‬ᇥˈ䙷М⿄䖭ϸϾ᭄᥂䲚Ў䋳
Ⳍ݇DŽ
 ಴᭄  Ь⿃ ՟ᄤ˖

˱กᄉব᠎(multiplication property)བ
ᵰA੠Bᰃ⣀ゟџӊˈ䙷Мϸ㗙থ⫳ⱘ
ὖ⥛⬅P(A੠B) = P(A) x P(B)㒭ᅮDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
㪱 㑶
1
㄀ϔ⃵ᮟ䕀˖P㑶= 4
㪱 㪱 ᠆னည(negative slope)ϔᴵ৥ϟؒ᭰
1
㄀Ѡ⃵ᮟ䕀˖P㑶= 4
1 1 1
ⱘ㒓ⱘ᭰⥛DŽ
㄀ϔ⃵੠㄀Ѡ⃵ᮟ䕀P㑶੠㑶 = 4 x 4 = 16
՟ᄤ˖
ኍयᄉ˱กব᠎(Multiplication Property
of Equality)བᵰa=b䙷Мac = bcDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
೼ҹϟ՟ᄤⱘ㄀Ѡ㸠Ёˈᇚᮍ⿟ᓣⱘϸ䖍৘Ьҹ2DŽ
1
 བᵰ   2 y=4
1
 䙷М 2x 2 y=2x4
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

˱กᤣЊ(multiplicative inverse)བᵰ
᠆ࣰழ಩(negative square root)ϔϾ᭄
ϸϾ᭄ⱘЬ⿃ᰃ 1ˈ䙷МϔϾ᭄ᰃ঺ϔϾ
ⱘᑇᮍḍⱘⳌড᭄DŽ
᭄ⱘЬ⊩䗚‫ܗ‬DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
1 1
6 ੠ 6 ᰃЬ⊩䗚‫ˈܗ‬಴Ў 6 × 6 = 1DŽ
 ᑇᮍḍ˖  䋳ᑇᮍḍ˖

22 Mandarin
 Ꭹಪ(net)ৃҹᡬ঴ҹᔶ៤䇌བễ᷅ⱘϝ ʿᄰС(no relationship)ᔧϸϾ᭄᥂䲚
㓈೒ᔶⱘᑇ䴶೒ḜDŽ ϡᄬ೼ℷⳌ݇៪䋳Ⳍ݇ᯊˈ䙷М⿄ᅗӀϡ
Ⳍ݇DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

ᔶ៤Ѩễ᷅ⱘ㔥Ḑ Ѩễ᷅

˴᣷्(nonagon)‫݋‬᳝бϾ䖍ⱘ໮䖍
ᔶDŽ ஜᣈ(number line)ᣝ乎ᑣᰒ⼎᭄ⱘϔᴵ
՟ᄤ˖ 㒓DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

᭣ጲবழር(nonlinear equation)݊೒
㾷ᰃϔᴵ᳆㒓㗠ϡᰃⳈ㒓ⱘᮍ⿟DŽ ஜߙ्य(number-word form)Փ⫼᭄
՟ᄤ˖ ᄫ੠᭛ᄫ‫ߎݭ‬᭄ؐⱘᮍ⊩DŽ
՟ᄤ˖45ϛғ 9ग

ஜߙ(numeral)᭄ⱘヺোDŽ
՟ᄤ˖7 58 234

ѫߔ(numerator)ߚ᭄ЁϞ䴶ⱘ᭄ˈᅗ
᭣ጲবѥஜ(nonlinear function)݊೒㾷 㸼⼎೼ᭈԧЁऴ໮ᇥ䚼ߚDŽ
ϡᰃϔᴵⳈ㒓ⱘߑ᭄ˈ಴Ў೼[䕈Ϟ䖯㸠 ՟ᄤ˖
ⱘⳌㄝⱘᬍবϡ㛑೼\䕈Ϟѻ⫳Ⳍㄝⱘᬍ ߚᄤ
বDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

᧼ᝇ(obtuse angle)⌟䞣ؐ໻Ѣ 90° Ϩ

ᇣѢ 180° ⱘ㾦DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

Mandarin 23
᧼ᝇʻᝇ्(obtuse triangle)‫݋‬᳝ϔϾ ᄰԥஜ(opposite numbers)೼᭄ؐ䕈Ϟ
䩱㾦ⱘϝ㾦ᔶDŽ ࠄ䳊⚍‫݋‬᳝Ⳍৠⱘ䎱⾏Ԛ೼ϡৠջⱘ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
7 ੠ -7 ѦЎⳌড᭄DŽ

ᤁኪᮊࣿ(order of operations)ᣝҔМ
乎ᑣ䖯㸠䖤ㅫⱘ㾘߭䇈ᯢ˖
(1)ᣀো‫࣪ⱘݙ‬ㅔˈ(2)ᣛ᭄࣪ㅔˈ(3)Ь
Л᣷्(octagon)‫݋‬᳝ܿϾ䖍ⱘ໮䖍ᔶDŽ 䰸ҢᎺࠄেˈ(4)ࡴ‫ޣ‬ҢᎺࠄেDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
∖ؐ˖2x2 = 4(x - 2)ˈ݊Ёx = 3DŽ
(1)ᣀো‫࣪ⱘݙ‬ㅔˈ 2 • 32 + 4(3 - 2)
2 • 32 + 4(1)
(2)ᣛ᭄࣪ㅔ  2•9+4
(3)Ь䰸ҢᎺࠄে 18 +4
(4)ࡴ‫ޣ‬ҢᎺࠄে 22

݈ஜ(odd number)Ͼԡ᭄ᄫЎ1ǃ3ǃ థࣿࠪ(ordered pair)⫼Ѣᅮԡതᷛᑇ䴶

5ǃ7៪9ⱘᭈ᭄DŽ Ϟⱘ⚍ⱘϔᇍ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
43 225 999 8,007

఺ည(odds)ϔϾџӊৃ㛑থ⫳ⱘ⃵᭄Ϣ
ϡ㛑থ⫳ⱘ⃵᭄ⱘ↨⥛DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
϶ࠄ 3 ⱘᴎ⥛˖1 ↨ 5
϶ϡࠄ 3 ⱘᴎ⥛˖5 ↨ 1

ԓཁ(origin)᭄ؐ䕈Ϟⱘ䳊⚍ˈ៪തᷛ㋏

ⱘϸ䕈ⳌѸⱘ⚍(0, 0)DŽ
ᤁኪ(operation)ϔ⾡᭄ᄺ䖛⿟DŽ ՟ᄤ˖

՟ᄤ˖
ಯ⾡෎ᴀ䖤ㅫ˖ࡴǃ‫ޣ‬ǃЬǃ䰸 © Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ᄰࠪᄉᄯᝇ᣷(opposite leg)Ⳉ㾦ϝ㾦
ᔶⱘϔϾ䫤㾦᠔ᇍⱘⳈ㾦䖍DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
CBᰃğCABⱘ
ⳌᇍⳈ㾦䖍DŽ

ACᰃğABCⱘ
ⳌᇍⳈ㾦䖍DŽ

24 Mandarin
 ൣઅॕ‫(ڎ‬orthographic drawing)⠽ԧ ࣰᛠጲ(parallel)೼ৠϔᑇ䴶‫ݙ‬ϡⳌѸⱘ
ⱘℷ㾚ǃջ㾚੠‫׃‬㾚೒DŽ ϸᴵ㒓ǃ㒓↉៪ᇘ㒓DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖

 ℷ䴶 ջ䴶 Ϟ䴶

ᄟՂ(ounce)ᐌ⫼⌟䞣ԧ㋏Ёⱘ䞡䞣ऩ ࣰᛠ‫ٽ‬᣷्(parallelogram)ᇍ䖍ᑇ㸠Ϩ
ԡDŽ Ⳍㄝⱘಯ䖍ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

ϔᇕֵⱘ䞡䞣໻㑺ЎϔⲢৌDŽ

ፆ౦(outcome)ᶤ⾡䆩偠៪ᚙ‫ৃމ‬㛑ߎ
⦄ⱘϔ⾡㒧ᵰDŽ ̊᣷्(pentagon)‫݋‬᳝ѨϾ䖍ⱘ໮䖍
՟ᄤ˖ ᔶDŽ
 ᡩᦋ2ᵮ⹀Ꮥⱘ㒧ᵰ˖
՟ᄤ˖
 ⹀Ꮥ1 ⹀Ꮥ2
 Ҏ༈ 㚠䴶
 Ҏ༈ Ҏ༈
 㚠䴶 Ҏ༈
 㚠䴶 㚠䴶
᳝4⾡㒧ᵰDŽϔ⾡㒧ᵰᰃҎ༈ǃҎ༈DŽ
ᄇѫඊ(percent)ϔϾ᭄ϢⳌ↨ᕫ
ऩ࣡Ϙ(outlier)ϔϾ᭄᥂䲚Ёⱘᵕؐˈ ࠄⱘ↨⥛DŽ
Ϣ݊ᅗ໻໮᭄᳝ؐϔᅮⱘᏂ䎱DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

ᓖᐌؐ

ઊྫྷጲ(parabola)Ѡ⃵ߑ᭄೒ᔶˈϔ㠀
Ў U ᔶ៪‫ צ‬U ᔶ᳆㒓DŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

՟ᄤ˖ ᄇѫඊԪӐ(percent change)ᇚ๲ࡴ៪

‫ޣ‬ᇥⱘᬍব䞣Ϣॳྟ䞣Ⳍ䰸ˈ㸼⼎Ўॳྟ
䞣ⱘⱒߚ↨DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
བᵰᡩ䌘$1500ˈϨ㦋ᕫ$75ⱘ߽⍺ˈᡒߎⱒߚ
↨ব࣪DŽ
75
1500 = 0.05 = 5% $75ᰃ๲ࡴ5%DŽ
བᵰϔӊϰ㽓㢅䌍$50ˈᡬᠷ$10ᒝଂˈᡒߎⱒ
ߚ↨ব࣪DŽ
10
ᡬᠷ$10Ў䰡Ӌ20%DŽ
50 = 0.20 = 20%

Mandarin 25
ᄇѫඊʽᬋ(percent decrease)㸼⼎Ў ‫ۆ‬ᄯ(perpendicular)ⳌѸ៤Ⳉ㾦ⱘⳈ
ॳྟ䞣ⱘⱒߚ↨ⱘ᭄䞣ϟ䰡DŽ㾕ⱒߚ↨ব 㒓ǃᇘ㒓៪㒓↉DŽ
࣪DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ᄇѫඊʼӣ(percent increase)㸼⼎Ў
ॳྟ䞣ⱘⱒߚ↨ⱘ᭄䞣ϞछDŽ㾕ⱒߚ↨ব
࣪DŽ

߸Кࣰழ(perfect square)ᭈ᭄ⱘᑇ
ᮍDŽ
‫ۆ‬ᄯࣰѫ(perpendicular bisector)Ⳉ
՟ᄤ˖ 㒓ǃᇘ㒓៪㒓↉Ϣϔᴵ㒓↉ⱘЁ⚍ⳌѸᑊ
Ϣ݊ൖⳈˈ߭⿄ЎൖⳈᑇߚDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

g
DEᰃABⱘ
ൖⳈᑇߚ㒓DŽ
ֆ᫁(perimeter)ೈ㒩೒ᔶ໪䚼ⱘ䎱⾏DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ऩԡ ‫ڒ‬ֆည (π) (pi (π))೚ⱘ਼䭓Ϣ݊Ⳉᕘⱘ↨

⥛˖3.14159265....
՟ᄤ˖
਼䭓
Ⳉᕘ
Ⳉᕘ

਼䭓

ଅѴ(permutation)ϔ⾡乍ⱘᅝᥦˈ݊Ё
៵्‫(ڎ‬pictograph)Փ⫼ヺো㸼⼎᭄᥂
乎ᑣᕜ䞡㽕DŽ
ⱘ೒ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
ᇚҢ䖭㒘ᄺ⫳Ё䗝ߎϔϾ԰ЎӮ䭓ˈϨ঺ϔϾᄺ⫳
⧁䞠ⱘᄺ⫳
԰ЎࡃӮ䭓˖WendyǃAlexǃCarlosDŽৃ㛑ⱘᥦ߫
ᰃ˖
ᬭᅸ1
WendyüӮ䭓ˈAlexüࡃӮ䭓˗
WendyüӮ䭓ˈCarlosüࡃӮ䭓˗ ᬭᅸ2
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

AlexüӮ䭓ˈWendyüࡃӮ䭓˗
AlexüӮ䭓ˈCarlosüࡃӮ䭓˗ ᬭᅸ3
CarlosüӮ䭓ˈWendyüࡃӮ䭓˗
CarlosüӮ䭓ˈAlexüࡃӮ䭓
Ͼᄺ⫳
⊼ᛣ˖ҹϞ↣ϔ㒘䛑ᰃϔϾϡৠⱘᥦ߫DŽ

26 Mandarin
 ͮϘ(place value)᭄ᄫऴ᥂ⱘԡⱘؐDŽ ܲᮉय(polynomial)ϔ乍៪ϔ乍ҹϞ∖
੠ⱘҷ᭄㸼䖒ᓣDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖x2 + 2x - 3 5y - 15

ࠪ៵঳ͳ(population)೼䇗ᶹЁ㹿ⷨお

गߚ ϔ
ⱒߚПϔ

Пϔ
П
ⱘ᠔᳝⠽ԧⱘ䲚ড়DŽ

कߚ
ग
ⱒ
क
ϔ
՟ᄤ˖
ᇚ᠔᳝1000Ͼ‫ׅ‬Ф䚼៤ਬⱘৡᄫ䛑‫ݭ‬೼वϞˈ
Ϩᠧх䖭ѯवⱘ乎ᑣDŽ᥹ⴔ䱣ᴎᢑপ100ᓴवˈ
ᑊᇍ䖭ѯ៤ਬ䖯㸠⬉䆱䇗ᶹDŽ䇗ᶹⱘᇍ䈵ᘏԧᰃ᠔
᳝1000ৡ‫ׅ‬Ф䚼៤ਬDŽ

ࣰ᭦(plane)ྟ㒜ᓊԌⱘ∈ᑇ㸼䴶DŽ
ൣஜ(positive numbers)໻Ѣ䳊ⱘ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
ЎњՓᑇ䴶ᔶ䈵  䋳᭄  ℷ᭄
࣪ˈᛇ䈵Ḡ䴶৥
᠔᳝ᮍ৥ᓊԌDŽ

ཁࠪሥ(point symmetry)བᵰ೒ᔶ೼ᮟ ൣᄰС(positive relationship)ᔧϸϾ᭄

䕀 180° ৢˈⳟϞএ≵᳝ব࣪ˈ߭೒ᔶЎ ᥂䲚ⱘ᭄ؐৠᯊ๲ࡴ៪‫ޣ‬ᇥᯊˈ䖭ϸϾ᭄
⚍ᇍ⿄DŽ ᥂䲚⿄ЎℷⳌ݇DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
೼ᮟ䕀180°៪
1
䕀ࡼ 2 ৢ೒ᔶ
ⳟϞএⳌৠDŽ

1 1
 䕀ࡼ 4 䕀ࡼ 2
 90°ᮟ䕀180°ᮟ䕀

ܲ᣷्(polygon)೼ϔϾᑇ䴶‫⬅ݙ‬ҙ೼ ൣனည(positive slope)ϔᴵ৥Ϟؒ᭰ⱘ

݊ッ⚍ⳌѸⱘ㒓↉㒘៤ⱘᇕ䯁೒ᔶDŽ 㒓ⱘ᭰⥛DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ܲ᭦ͳ(polyhedron)৘Ͼ䴶ᰃ໮䖍ᔶⱘ
ゟԧDŽ ᪡(pound)ᐌ⫼⌟䞣ԧ㋏ЁϔϾㄝѢ 16
ⲢৌⱘऩԡDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

໻㉇
1⺙

Mandarin 27
ࣥ(power)ᣛ᭄៪⬅ᑩ᭄छࠄᣛ᭄⃵ᮍ ೩ಎ(prism)ϸϾᑩ䴶ܼㄝϨᑇ㸠ⱘ໮䴶
䖤ㅫ᠔ᕫⱘ᭄DŽ ԧDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
16 = 24 2छࠄ4⃵ᮍDŽ
   16ᰃ2ⱘ4⃵ᐖDŽ

ዴऎ(precision)⬅⌟䞣ऩԡ⹂ᅮⱘ⌟䞣
ⱘ㊒⹂ᑺDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ഏည(probability)ϔϾџӊৃ㛑থ⫳ⱘ
⃵᭄Ϣ᠔᳝ৃ㛑㒧ᵰⱘ᭄Ⳃⱘ↨⥛DŽ
䕗ᇣⱘ⌟䞣ऩԡĀ㣅
ᇌā↨䕗໻ⱘ⌟䞣ऩ ՟ᄤ˖
ԡĀ㣅ሎāⱘ㊒ᑺ㽕催DŽ 1
϶ࠄ3ⱘὖ⥛ᰃ 6 DŽ
5
϶ϡࠄ3ⱘὖ⥛ᰃ 6 DŽ

᠎‫ځ‬ஜ(prime factor)䰸঺ϔϾᭈ᭄㗠᮴
ԭ᭄ⱘϔϾ಴᭄ˈϨ಴᭄Ў䋼᭄DŽ ˱ሤ(product)ϸϾ៪ϸϾҹϞⱘ᭄ⳌЬ
ⱘ㒧ᵰDŽ
՟ᄤ˖5 ᰃ 35 ⱘϔϾ䋼಴᭄ˈ಴Ў 35 ÷ 5 = 7DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
   Ь⿃
᠎‫ځ‬ஜѫᝌ(prime factorization)ᡞϔ
Ͼ᭄‫ݭ‬៤޴Ͼ䋼಴᭄ⱘЬ⿃DŽ
  2 x 3 x 5 = 30
՟ᄤ˖70 = 2 x 5 x 7
ඊΒ(proportion)㸼⼎ϸϾ↨⥛Ⳍㄝⱘ
᠎ஜ(prime number)໻Ѣ1Ϩা㛑㹿 ㄝᓣDŽ
1੠݊㞾䑿ᭈ䰸ⱘᭈ᭄DŽ 12 6
՟ᄤ˖  34 = 17
՟ᄤ˖
䋼᭄ᓔྟѢ2ǃ3ǃ5ǃ7ǃ11DŽ ᧙ᝇ٧(protractor)ϔ⾡⌟䞣㾦ⱘᎹ‫݋‬DŽ

ఴ᧚(principal)ᄬܹ៪‫ⱘߎ׳‬䪅ⱘ᭄ ՟ᄤ˖
䞣ˈ䖭ѯ䪅㽕Ҭ߽ᙃDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
Dave೼ϔϾᄬ‫ټ‬Ꮴ᠋Ϟᄬњ$300DŽ1ᑈৢҪⱘ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

Ꮴ᠋ԭ乱Ў$315DŽ$300ᰃᴀ䞥DŽ

˞ࣰழ಩(principal square root)ϔϾ

᭄ⱘℷᑇᮍḍDŽ ೩᩻(pyramid)‫݋‬᳝ϔϾ໮䖍ᔶᑩ䴶ˈ
՟ᄤ˖ Ϩ᠔᳝݊ᅗ䴶䛑ᰃϝ㾦ᔶᑊ೼ϔϾ⚍Ⳍ䘛
Џᑇᮍḍ 䋳ᑇᮍḍ ⱘゟᮍԧDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

28 Mandarin
 ӆᐦ߿ူ(Pythagorean Theorem)೼Ⳉ ݁ᑱ(quart)ᐌ⫼⌟䞣ԧ㋏Ёⱘԧ⿃ऩ
㾦ϝ㾦ᔶЁˈ݊ЁcЎ᭰䖍ⱘ䭓ᑺˈϨa ԡDŽ
੠bᰃⳈ㾦䖍ⱘ䭓ᑺˈ䙷Мa2b2 c2
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

⠯ཊ ϔ༌㜅⠯ཊ

‫ٽ‬ѫͮஜ(quartile)ᡞϔϾ᭄᥂䲚ߚ៤Ⳍ
ㄝⱘಯ䚼ߚⱘ᭄ЁⱘϔϾDŽ
៵ᬌ(quadrants)⬅തᷛᑇ䴶ⱘϸϾ䕈⹂
ᅮⱘಯϾऎඳDŽ ՟ᄤ˖

՟ᄤ˖ 
 ϟಯߚԡ᭄ Ёؐ Ϟಯߚԡ᭄
27ǃ33 ੠ 42 ᰃ䖭Ͼ᭄᥂䲚ⱘϝϾಯߚԡ᭄DŽ

‫(׷‬quotient)ϔϾ᭄Ϣ঺ϔϾ᭄Ⳍ䰸ⱘ
㒧ᵰDŽ
՟ᄤ˖  ଚ

̃൒ழር(quadratic equation)‫݋‬᳝䈵   8÷4=2

x2䖭ḋⱘᑇᮍ乍ⱘᮍ⿟DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ಩Ձ(radical sign)⫼Ѣ㸼⼎ϔϾ᭄ⱘᑇ
 2
y = x + 3x - 12 2
y = 2x + 7 ᮍḍDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ¥49 = 7
̃൒ѥஜ(quadratic function)xⱘ᳔催
⃵ᐖЎ2ⱘߑ᭄DŽѠ⃵ߑ᭄ⱘ೒ᔶᰃᡯ Ӧफ़(radius)Ң೚ⱘЁᖗࠄ೚Ϟӏᛣϔ
⠽㒓DŽ ⚍ⱘ㒓↉DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖

ञᕘ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ᬣ఺ಧఴ(random sample)䗮䖛ϔ⾡䅽
‫ٽ‬᣷्(quadrilateral)‫݋‬᳝ಯϾ䖍ⱘ໮
ᇍ䈵ᘏԧ‫↣ⱘݙ‬Ͼ៤ਬ䛑᳝ⳌㄝᴎӮⱘᮍ
䖍ᔶDŽ
ᓣ䗝পߎᴹⱘḋᴀDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
ᇚ᠔᳝ 1000 Ͼ‫ׅ‬Ф䚼៤ਬⱘৡᄫ䛑‫ݭ‬೼वϞˈϨ
ᠧх䖭ѯवⱘ乎ᑣDŽ᥹ⴔᢑপ 100 ᓴवˈᑊᇍ䖭
ѯ៤ਬ䖯㸠⬉䆱䇗ᶹDŽ‫ׅ‬Ф䚼ⱘ᠔᳝៤ਬ䛑᳝Ⳍㄝ
ⱘᴎӮ㹿䇗ᶹ

Mandarin 29
Ϙ۪(range)೼ϔϾ᭄᥂䲚ড়Ё᳔໻ؐϢ ᅽ्(rectangle)ᇍ䖍ⳌㄝϨಯϾ㾦䛑ᰃ
᳔ᇣؐП䯈ⱘऎඳDŽ 90° ⱘᑇ㸠ಯ䖍ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
27 27 27 29 32 33 36 38 42 43 62
ؐඳᰃ62 - 27 = 35DŽ

ඊည(rate)㸼⼎‫݋‬᳝ϡৠऩԡⱘ䞣ⱘⳌ݇
݇㋏ⱘ↨DŽ
72㕢‫ܗ‬ 55㣅䞠
՟ᄤ˖ ԥ࠰(reflection)೒ᔶ⊓ϔᴵ㒓Ā㗏
28ᇣᯊ 1ᇣᯊ
䕀ā᠔ᕫⱘ䬰‫ڣ‬DŽৠḋг⿄⊓䖭ᴵ㒓㗏䕀
ඊ(ratio)ϸϾ䞣ⱘ↨䕗ˈ䗮ᐌ‫ݭ‬៤ϔϾ ℸ೒ᔶ᠔ѻ⫳ⱘবᤶDŽ
ߚ᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
2
՟ᄤ˖ 1 2↨1 2:1

థူஜ(rational number)㛑໳‫ݭ‬៤ϸϾ
ᭈ᭄ⱘ↨ⱘ᭄DŽᭈ᭄ǃߚ᭄੠䆌໮ᇣ᭄䛑
ᰃ᳝⧚᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ᭈ᭄  ߚ᭄  ᇣ᭄
-27 = -27
1
7
8
1
3.1 = 3 10 = 31
10 ൣܲ᣷्(regular polygon)᠔᳝䖍੠㾦
䛑Ⳍㄝⱘ໮䖍ᔶDŽ
࠰ጲ(ray)Ⳉ㒓ⱘϔ䚼ߚˈ‫݋‬᳝ϔϾッ
՟ᄤ˖
⚍ˈ঺ϔッ᮴㒓ᓊԌDŽᇘ㒓佪‫݊⬅ܜ‬ッ⚍
ੑৡDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ࠃஜ(real numbers)᠔᳝ⱘ᳝⧚᭄੠᮴
⧚᭄DŽ
ᄰࠪͮᎵ(relative position)ҹ঺ϔϾഄ
՟ᄤ˖ ⚍Ўখ㗗㗠㒭ᅮⱘԡ㕂DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

Ꮦᬓख़
χஜ(reciprocals)݊Ь⿃Ў 1 ⱘϸϾ Seltzer೒к佚
᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
3
5 ੠ 53 ѦЎ‫צ‬᭄ˈ಴Ў 35 • 5
3 = 1DŽ
Ꮦᬓख़㋻䚏Seltzer೒к佚DŽ

30 Mandarin
 ͷஜ(remainder)䰸⊩ᅠ៤ৢ᠔ֱ⬭ⱘǃ ஼ᣀ(rotation)Ꮖ㒣Ā䕀ࡼāⱘ೒ᔶⱘ೒
ᇣѢ䰸᭄ⱘ᭄DŽ ‫ˈڣ‬ህབ೼䔺䕂Ϟ䕀ࡼϔḋDŽৠḋгᣛˈ⊓
䖭ᴵ㒓䕀ࡼℸ೒ᔶ᠔ѻ⫳ⱘবᤶⱘৡ⿄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
ԭ᭄

९ဖ࠴ஜ (repeating decimal)ᇣ᭄⚍ে

ջ‫݋‬᳝ϔϾᕾ⦃᭄ᄫ៪ϔ㒘ᕾ⦃᭄ᄫⱘᇣ
᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖0.6 0.123 2.18 ᣈՓࠪሥ(rotational symmetry)བᵰ
೒ᔶ೼ᮟ䕀ᇣѢϔ೜ᯊৃϢ݊ॳ᳝೒ᔶऍ
ᖥ्(rhombus)ಯϾ䖍䖍䭓䛑Ⳍㄝⱘᑇ 䜡ˈ䙷Мህ⿄䖭Ͼ೒ᔶ䕈৥ᇍ⿄DŽ
㸠ಯ䖍ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

↣Ͼ೒ᔶ䛑䕈৥ᇍ⿄DŽ

‫ٽ‬ᒻ̊Й(rounding)ᡞϔϾ᭄Ԅㅫࠄ㒭
ᄯᝇ(right angle)⌟䞣ؐЎ 90° ⱘ㾦DŽ ᅮⱘԡؐDŽ

՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
2153ಯ㟡Ѩܹࠄ

᳔䖥ⱘक ᳔䖥ⱘⱒ
ԡ˖2200 ԡ˖2150

ᄯᝇʻᝇ्(right triangle)‫݋‬᳝ϔϾⳈ ᡴऎ(run)ᇍѢ೒Ϟⱘϔᴵ㒓ˈ⫼Ѣᡒߎ

㾦ⱘϝ㾦ᔶDŽ ൖⳈᮍ৥ⱘব࣪៪㗙Ϟछⱘ催ᑺⱘ∈ᑇᮍ
՟ᄤ˖ ৥ⱘব࣪ᐙᑺDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

Ϟछⱘ催ᑺ
䎼ᑺ
ʼӣᄉᰳऎ(rise)ᇍѢ೒Ϟⱘϔᴵ㒓ˈ಴
㒭ᅮⱘ∈ᑇᮍ৥থ⫳ⱘব࣪㗠ᓩ䍋ⱘൖⳈ
ᮍ৥থ⫳ⱘব࣪DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ಧఴ(sample)⫼Ѣ乘⌟⡍ᅮᚙ‫މ‬བԩথ
⫳ⱘϔ㒘᭄᥂DŽ
Ϟछⱘ催ᑺ
՟ᄤ˖
䎼ᑺ ᇚ‫ׅ‬Ф䚼᠔᳝៤ਬⱘ1000Ͼৡᄫ䛑‫ݭ‬೼वϞˈϨ
ᠧх䖭ѯवⱘ乎ᑣDŽ᥹ⴔ䱣ᴎᢑপ100ᓴवˈᑊ
ᇍ䖭ѯ៤ਬ䖯㸠⬉䆱䇗ᶹDŽḋᴀህᰃ䖯㸠⬉䆱䇗ᶹ
ⱘ100ৡ៤ਬDŽ
Mandarin 31
ḋᴀぎ䯈(sample space)ϔϾ䆩偠ⱘ᠔ ʿኍ᣷ʻᝇ्(scalene triangle)ϝϾ䖍
᳝ৃ㛑㒧ᵰⱘ䲚ড়DŽ 䖍䭓ϡㄝⱘϝ㾦ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
 ᡩᦋ2ᵮ⹀Ꮥⱘ㒧ᵰ˖
 ⹀Ꮥ1 ⹀Ꮥ2
 Ҏ༈  㚠䴶
 Ҏ༈  Ҏ༈
 㚠䴶  Ҏ༈
 㚠䴶  㚠䴶 ஘ཁ‫(ڎ‬scatterplot)Փ⫼៤ᇍⱘ᭄ؐ԰
ḋᴀぎ䯈ᰃҎ༈ǃ㚠䴶˗Ҏ༈ǃҎ༈˗੠㚠䴶ǃ㚠 Ў⚍ᴹᰒ⼎ϸϾ᭄᥂䲚ⱘ݇㋏ⱘ೒DŽ
䴶DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
҈ऎ὇‫्ڎ‬ᄉὈ(scale (graphical))೼
ᴵᔶ೒៪㒓ᔶ೒ⱘオ䕈Ϟഛࣔ䯈䱨ᓔⱘᷛ
䆄ˈ⫼Ѣ⌟䞣ᴵ៪㒓ⱘ催ᑺDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

መߥ᝭ஜก(scientific notation)ϔϾ᭄
‫ݭ‬៤໻Ѣ៪ㄝѢ1ϨᇣѢ10ⱘᇣ᭄
ࠏᑺ Ьҹ10ⱘ⃵ᐖDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 350,000 = 3.5 x 105
ඊΒ
὇‫ڙ‬ඊΒ‫˖ڎ‬Ὀ(scale (in scale
drawings))೼↨՟೒ЁⱘሎᇌϢᅲ⠽ሎ ੠्(sector)ϔϾ೚ⱘ᠛ᔶ䚼ߚˈ⫼Ѣ
ᇌⱘ↨DŽ㾕↨՟೒DŽ ೚೒ҹ㸼⼎ϔ㒘᭄᥂ⱘ䚼ߚϢܼ䚼Ⳍ↨᠔
ऴⱘ↨՟DŽ
ඊΒ‫(ڎ‬scale drawing)Փ⫼↨՟ࠊ៤ⱘ
՟ᄤ˖
⠽ԧᬒ໻೒៪㓽ᇣ೒DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ᅶख़ⱘ↨՟೒

↨՟˖
0.1 㣅ᇌ = 1 㣅ሎ ጲൿ(segment)㾕㒓↉DŽ

  ጲൿࣰѫጲ(segment bisector)䗮䖛㒓
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

↉Ё⚍ⱘϔᴵⳈ㒓ǃᇘ㒓៪㒓↉DŽ
ඊΒ‫ځ‬ஜ(scale factor)⫼Ѣᬒ໻៪㓽ᇣ ՟ᄤ˖
ⳌԐ೒ᔶⱘ↨DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
cm

cm g
DE೼C⚍ᑇߚABDŽ
cm

cm
ᬒ໻↨՟಴᭄ᰃ2DŽ

32 Mandarin
 ஜѴ(sequence)䙉ᕾᶤ⾡⡍ᅮ῵ᓣⱘ᭄ ᣷᣷᣷(Side-Side-Side (SSS))䗮䖛↨
ⱘᥦ߫DŽ 䕗Ⳍᑨ䚼ߚᴹ⹂ᅮϝ㾦ᔶᰃ৺ܼㄝⱘᅮ
ᕟDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ㄝᏂ᭄߫ ՟ᄤ˖

ㄝ↨᭄߫

ḍ᥂SSSᅮᕟˈƸABC≅ƸXYZDŽ

థ஌ஜߙ(significant digits)೼ᶤϾ⌟
᣷(side)ᔶ៤ϔϾ㾦ⱘϸᴵᇘ㒓Ёⱘ↣ 䞣ؐЁ㸼⼎ᅲ䰙⌟䞣ⱘ᭄ᄫDŽ
ϔᴵDŽৠḋᣛ㒘៤໮䖍ᔶⱘ㒓↉DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖ 䖍 380.6700 ᠔᭄᳝ᄫ䛑ᰃ᳝ᬜⱘDŽ
0.0038 3੠8ᰃ᳝ᬜⱘˈԚ䳊ᰃ᮴
  ᬜⱘDŽ
䖍
䖍
䖍

䖍 ᄰͪ(similar)೒ᔶП䯈ᔶ⢊ⳌৠˈԚሎ
䖍 ᇌϡϔᅮⳌㄝDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
᣷ᝇᝇ(Side-Angle-Angle (SAA))䗮䖛
↨䕗Ⳍᑨ䚼ߚᴹ⹂ᅮϝ㾦ᔶᰃ৺ܼㄝⱘᅮ ੠
ᕟDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

ḍ᥂SAAᅮᕟˈƸABC≅ƸXYZDŽ

᣷ᝇ᣷(Side-Angle-Side (SAS))䗮䖛 ੠
↨䕗Ⳍᑨ䚼ߚᴹ⹂ᅮϝ㾦ᔶᰃ৺ܼㄝⱘᅮ
ᕟDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ḍ᥂SASᅮᕟˈƸABC≅ƸXYZDŽ

Mandarin 33
ᄰͪඊ(similarity ratio)ⳌԐ೒ᔶП䯈ᇍ ൣह(sine)ᇍѢⳈ㾦ϝ㾦ᔶⱘ䫤㾦 xˈ
ᑨ䖍䖍䭓ⱘ↨DŽ x ⱘℷᓺ៪ sin(x) ᰃⳌᇍⳈ㾦䖍
᭰䖍 DŽ

՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖

13 in.
ƸABC੠ 5 in.
ƸEFGⱘⳌ
2
Ԑ↨ᰃ 3 DŽ 12 in.

ⳌᇍⳈ㾦䖍
᭰䖍

Ӭѽ(simple interest)াᣝᴀ䞥䅵ㅫⱘ னᰳ(slant height)೼ễ䫹ϞˈҢᑩ䴶ⱘ

߽ᙃDŽ ϔ䖍ࠄ乊⚍ⱘൖⳈ䎱⾏DŽ
՟ᄤ˖Ramon೼ϔϾᏤ᠋Ϟᡩܹ$240ˈ↣ᑈ㦋 ՟ᄤ˖
 ᕫ6%ⱘ߽ᙃˈ݅ᡩܹᑈDŽ
 Ҫᇚ㦋ᕫ240 • 0.06 • 5 = 72˗5ᑈৢऩ
᭰催
 ߽ᰃ$72DŽ
催

Ӑኤ(simplified)ϡ৿᳝ৠ㉏乍ⱘ໮乍
ᓣDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
4x4 + x3 + x2 - 8 Ꮖ㒣࣪ㅔ
4x4 + x2 + 6x2 - 8 ᳾࣪ㅔˈ಴Ўx2੠6x2 ໎Ү(slide)㾕ᑇ⿏DŽ
   ᰃৠ㉏乍DŽ
னည(slope)ᇍѢ೒ϞⱘϔᴵⳈ㒓ˈ᭰⥛
ኤӐ(simplify)䗮䖛䖤ㅫ乎ᑣⱘᑨ⫼ᴹ䰡 ᰃϞछⱘ催ᑺ䰸ҹ䎼ᑺˈ⫼Ѣᦣ䗄ϔᴵ㒓
Ԣ㸼䖒ᓣⱘ໡ᴖᗻDŽ ⱘ䰵ᑺDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ㅔ࣪3 + 8 • 52DŽ ՟ᄤ˖
3 + 8 • 52 = 3 + 8 • 25 ᣛ᭄ Ϟछⱘ催ᑺ
= 3
4 DŽ
= 3 + 200 Ь⊩ 䎼ᑺ
3
= 203 ࡴ⊩ ᭰⥛ᰃ 4 DŽ

Ϟछⱘ催ᑺ
ഴ઱(simulation)⫼Ѣᡒߎὖ⥛ⱘ䆩偠
῵ൟDŽ 䎼ᑺ

՟ᄤ˖ 
Ầ⧗䖤ࡼਬߏ⧗.250DŽЎњ῵ᢳ䖭Ͼ䖤ࡼਬབԩ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ߏ⧗ˈᮟ䕀ϔϾಯ䚼ߚⱘᮟ䕀఼DŽ䖭⾡῵ᢳৃ⫼Ѣ
乘⌟ߏ⧗᠟䖲㓁ߏЁ2⃵៪3⃵ⱘ乥⥛DŽ በழͳ(solid)ϔϾϝ㓈೒ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

34 Mandarin
 ழርय੊ʿኍयᄉᝌ(solutions of an ൣழ्(square)᠔᳝䖍ⱘ䖍䭓䛑ⳌㄝϨ
equation or inequality)Փᮍ⿟៪ϡㄝᓣ ಯϾ㾦䛑ᰃ 90° ⱘᑇ㸠ಯ䖍ᔶDŽ
៤ゟⱘব䞣ⱘؐDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

ࣰழ(squared)ᦤछࠄѠ⃵ᐖDŽ
䖭ᴵ㒓㸼⼎y = x – 1ⱘ㾷DŽ 䰈ᕅऎඳ㸼⼎y > x – 1ⱘ㾷DŽ
՟ᄤ˖3ⱘᑇᮍ‫ݭ‬៤32DŽ
 32 = 3 x 3 = 9
ழርጷᄉᝌ(solution of a system)Փ㋏
㒳Ёⱘ᠔᳝ᮍ⿟៤ゟⱘব䞣ҷᤶDŽ ࣰழԐዚ(square centimeter)䖍䭓Ў1
՟ᄤ˖ y=x+4 ६㉇ⱘℷᮍᔶⱘ䴶⿃DŽ
y = 3x - 6
՟ᄤ˖
᳝ᑣᇍ (5, 9) ᰃϸϾᮍ⿟ⱘ㾷DŽ಴ℸˈ(5, 9) ᰃᮍ ६㉇
⿟㒘ⱘ㾷DŽ
६㉇

ᝌኔ(solve)ᡒߎᮍ⿟ᓣ៪ϡㄝᓣⱘ㾷DŽ 1 ᑇᮍ६㉇
՟ᄤ˖㾷ᮍ⿟x + 6 = 13DŽ
x+6 = 13 ࣰழᔭࠩ(square inch)䖍䭓Ў1㣅ᇌ
x + 6 + (-6) = 13 + (-6) ⱘℷᮍᔶⱘ䴶⿃DŽ
x+0 = 7
x = 7 ՟ᄤ˖
1㣅ᇌ
ီͳ(sphere)᠔᳝⚍ࠄЁᖗⱘ䎱⾏䛑Ⳍ
ㄝⱘゟԧDŽ
1㣅ᇌ
՟ᄤ˖

1ᑇᮍ㣅ᇌ

ࣰழ಩(square root)NⱘᑇᮍḍᰃϢ݊
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

㞾䑿ⳌЬᕫࠄNⱘ᭄DŽৠḋˈϔϾ㒭ᅮ᭄
ⱘᑇᮍḍᰃ䴶⿃Ϣ䖭Ͼ㒭ᅮ᭄Ⳍㄝⱘℷᮍ
ᔶⱘ䖍䭓DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
9 × 9 = 81᠔ҹ
9ᰃ81ⱘᑇᮍḍDŽ
9 = ¥81

 
䴶⿃Ў81ᑇᮍऩԡDŽ

Mandarin 35
ಕэ्य(standard form)Փ⫼᭄ᄫ‫ߎݭ‬ ђก(subtraction)㛑ᕫߎϸϾ᭄П䯈ⱘ
ϔϾ᭄ⱘᮍ⊩DŽ Ꮒ៪ᣓᥝϔѯ䖬࠽໮ᇥⱘ䖤ㅫDŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᔶᓣ˖ 100,000,000
᭛ᄫᔶᓣ˖ ϔғ
᭄ᄫᔶᓣ˖ 1ғ

ᔼՀ‫(ڎ‬stem-and-leaf diagram)⫼᭄ᄫ
ԡ᭄ᴹᰒ⼎᭄᥂䲚ড়ⱘᔶ⢊੠ߚᏗⱘϔ⾡ ঳ஜ(sum)ϸϾ៪ϸϾҹϞⱘ᭄Ⳍࡴⱘ
᭄᥂㸼⼎ᮍ⊩DŽ 㒧ᵰDŽ
ᘏ᭄
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖ 30 + 18 = 48
䆹೒㸼⼎᭄᥂䲚ড়˖33, 34, 34, 35, 40, 41, 46, 51,
51, 52, 53, 55, 58DŽ ̈ᛩᝇ(supplementary angles)㾦ᑺП
㣢 ৊
੠Ў180°ⱘϸϾ㾦DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

᫼೘ѥஜ(step function)ϡৠ㾘߭⫼Ѣ
ϡৠ䕧ܹؐⱘߑ᭄DŽ䰊ẃߑ᭄ⱘ೒⬅ϡⳌ
䖲ⱘ㒓↉㒘៤DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ᛪ᭦ሤ (surface area (SA))໮䴶ԧ↣Ͼ
㸼䴶ⱘ䴶⿃П੠DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
ϸϾ䴶ᰃ8 cmЬ3 cmDŽ
cm
A = b • h = 8 • 3 = 24 cm2
cm
cm ϸϾ䴶ᰃ8 cmЬ2 cmDŽ
A = b • h = 8 • 2 = 16 cm2
ϸϾ䴶ᰃ2 cmЬ3 cmDŽ
A = b • h = 2 • 3 = 6 cm2
Ⳉ㾦ễ᷅ⱘ㸼䴶⿃ᰃ˖
ࣰᝇ(straight angle)⌟䞣ؐЎ 180° ⱘ cm cm

㾦DŽ cm SA = 2(24 + 16 + 6)
= 92 cm2
՟ᄤ˖
ុಉ(survey)ϔ⾡㽕∖ᬊ䲚੠ߚᵤֵᙃ
ⱘⷨおᮍ⊩DŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

՟ᄤ˖
䖯㸠ϔ乍䇗ᶹˈҹ⹂ᅮҔМԧ㚆⌏ࡼ᳔ফᄺ⫳⃶䖢DŽ
ఢ̼(substitute)⬅ϔϾᣛᅮⱘؐᴹ᳓ᤶ
ϔϾব䞣DŽ
ࠪሥ(symmetry)㾕㒓ᇍ⿄ǃ⚍ᇍ⿄੠䕈
՟ᄤ˖ ৥ᇍ⿄DŽ
Փ⫼݀ᓣ A = I • w ᕫߎ䭓Ў 12 cm ϨᆑЎ 8 cm ⱘ
ⶽᔶⱘ䴶⿃DŽ ጲবழርጷ(system of linear equa-
A=l•w tions)ᬒ೼ϔ䍋㗗㰥ⱘϸϾ៪ϸϾҹϞⱘ
A = 12 • 8 㒓ᗻᮍ⿟DŽ
᳓ҷ䭓ᑺ੠
A = 96 ᆑᑺⱘؐDŽ ՟ᄤ˖ y=x+3
䴶⿃ᰃ96 cm DŽ 2 y = 4x - 15

36 Mandarin
 T ्ᛪ
(T-table)ᰒ⼎ᮍ⿟ᇍᑨⱘx੠y ᮉ(term)᭄߫ЁⱘϔϾ᭄DŽৠḋгᣛ໮
ⱘؐⱘ㸼DŽ 乍ᓣⱘϔ䚼ߚˈ䖭Ͼ໮乍ᓣЎᏺℷ䋳োⱘ
᭄ǃϢϔϾ៪޴Ͼব䞣ⳌЬⱘ᭄DŽব䞣ৃ
՟ᄤ˖
ҹࣙ৿ᭈ᭄ⱘ⃵ᮍDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
᭄߫

乍
໮乍ᓣ

ᆀጲ(tally)೼䇗ᶹᳳ䯈Փ⫼ⷁ㒓ᷛ䆄䅵 乍
᭄ⱘ䆄ᔩDŽ థᬌ࠴ஜ(terminating decimal)‫݋‬᳝ϔ
՟ᄤ˖ ᅮ䞣ⱘԡ᭄ⱘᇣ᭄DŽ
≑䔺 ⷁ㒓
䕓䔺 ՟ᄤ˖3.5 0.599992 4.05
ᮙ㸠䔺
໮ࡳ㛑䖤ࡼ䔺 ᫀࢥ(tessellation)ᇚϔϾᑇ䴶ᅠܼ㽚
व䔺 Ⲫ㗠ϡ৿㔎ষ៪䞡঴䚼ߚⱘ೒ᔶⱘ䞡໡῵
䴶ࣙ䔺 ᓣDŽ

՟ᄤ˖
ᆀጲಕ᝭(tally marks)⫼Ѣ㒘㒛䕗໻᭄
᥂䲚ড়ⱘᷛ䆄DŽ↣Ͼᷛ䆄㸼⼎೼᭄᥂䲚ড়
Ёᶤؐߎ⦄њϔ⃵DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ϔ Ѩ

Ѭጲ(tangent line)ҙ೼ϔ⚍Ϣ೚᥹㾺ⱘ
ϔᴵ㒓DŽ ူ᝶ഏည(theoretical probability)ϔϾ
џӊৃ㛑থ⫳ⱘ⃵᭄Ϣ᠔᳝ৃ㛑㒧ᵰⱘ⃵
՟ᄤ˖
᭄ⱘ↨DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ൣѬඊ(tangent ratio)ᇍѢⳈ㾦ϝ㾦ᔶ
ϞⱘϔϾ䫤㾦xˈxⱘℷߛ៪tan(x)Ў ᮟࠄⱑ㡆ⱘ⃵᭄
 = 36 = 12
ⳌᇍⳈ㾦䖍
DŽ
Ⳍ䚏Ⳉ㾦䖍
ᘏ⃵᭄

಴Ўᮟ䕀఼Ϟⱘϔञᰃⱑ㡆ˈ᠔ҹᮟࠄⱑ㡆ⱘ⧚䆎
՟ᄤ˖
ὖ⥛ᰃ 12 DŽ
13 in.
5 in.

12 in.
ⳌᇍⳈ㾦䖍
Ⳍ䚏Ⳉ㾦䖍

Mandarin 37
Ԫ૰(transformation)೒ᔶԡ㕂ⱘᬍ ಝ‫(ڎ‬tree diagram)㸼⼎ϔ⾡ᚙ‫ⱘމ‬᠔
বDŽ ᳝ৃ㛑ⱘ㒧ᵰⱘߚᬃǃᷥ⢊೒DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
ᡩᦋ3Ͼ⹀Ꮥ˖
⹀Ꮥ1⹀Ꮥ2⹀Ꮥ3᠔᳝ৃ㛑ⱘ㒧ᵰ˖
Ҏ༈ Ҏ༈ǃҎ༈ǃҎ༈
Ҏ༈
㚠䴶 Ҏ༈ǃҎ༈ǃ㚠䴶
Ҏ༈
 ডᇘ  ᑇ⿏ ᮟ䕀 Ҏ༈ Ҏ༈ǃ㚠䴶ǃҎ༈
㚠䴶
ࣰሧ(translation)Ꮖ㒣⒥ࠄϔϾᮄԡ㕂 㚠䴶 Ҏ༈ǃ㚠䴶ǃ㚠䴶
㗠≵᳝㗏䕀៪䕀ࡼⱘ೒ᔶⱘ೒‫ڣ‬DŽৠḋˈ
೒ᔶ⒥ࡼ᠔ѻ⫳ⱘবᤶгᰃ䖭Ͼৡ⿄DŽ Ҏ༈ 㚠䴶ǃҎ༈ǃҎ༈
՟ᄤ˖ Ҏ༈
㚠䴶 㚠䴶ǃҎ༈ǃ㚠䴶
㚠䴶
Ҏ༈ 㚠䴶ǃ㚠䴶ǃҎ༈
㚠䴶
 㚠䴶 㚠䴶ǃ㚠䴶ǃ㚠䴶

ᡕҸ(trend)೼ᬷ⚍೒Ёҹ೒Ḝⱘᔶᓣߎ
⦄ⱘϸ㒘᭄᥂П䯈ⱘ݇㋏DŽ㾕ℷⳌ݇ǃ䋳
੔ጲ(transversal)Ϣϸᴵ៪ϸᴵҹϞⱘ Ⳍ݇ǃϡⳌ݇DŽ
݊ᅗⳈ㒓ⳌѸⱘⳈ㒓DŽ
ᡕҸጲ(trend line)Ϣᔶ៤ᬷ⚍೒ЁϔϾ
՟ᄤ˖ 䍟࢓ⱘ⚍໻㟈Āヺড়āⱘ㒓DŽ㾕ℷⳌ݇੠
䋳Ⳍ݇DŽ

៾㒓 ណᰍ(trial)ϔ⃵ᅲ偠DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

೘्(trapezoid)া᳝ϸϾ䖍ᑇ㸠ⱘಯ䖍
ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖  ϶ϔ⃵傄ᄤ  ᦋϔ⃵⹀Ꮥ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

ʻᝇ्(triangle)‫݋‬᳝ϝϾ䖍ⱘ໮䖍ᔶDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

38 Mandarin
 ʻᝇඊ(trigonometric ratios)Ⳉ㾦ϝ㾦 ʿՎѫආ(unlike denominators)ϸϾ៪
ᔶ䖍䭓ⱘ↨ˈϢϝ㾦ᔶ䫤㾦ⱘ㾦ᑺ᳝݇DŽ ϸϾҹϞߚ᭄ЁϡⳌৠⱘߚ↡DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
Ⳍ䚏Ⳉ㾦䖍
᭰䖍
ⳌᇍⳈ㾦䖍
᭰䖍 ϡৠߚ↡
ⳌᇍⳈ㾦䖍
Ⳍ䚏Ⳉ㾦䖍
ʼ‫ٽ‬ѫͮஜ(upper quartile)᭄᥂䲚ড়Ϟ
ϔञⱘЁؐDŽ
ʻᮉय(trinomial)‫݋‬᳝ϝ乍ⱘ໮乍ᓣDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖ 2x - x + 3x
3 2
3x + 2x - 4
2


ᣀҮ(turn)㾕ᮟ䕀DŽ  ϟಯߚԡ᭄ Ёؐ Ϟಯߚԡ᭄

ʿМࣰຣ੅(unfair game)ᑊ䴲᠔᳝খࡴ Ԫ᧙(variable)ৃҹᬍব៪বࡼⱘ䞣ˈ䗮

␌៣㗙䛑᳝Ⳍৠ㦋㚰ὖ⥛ⱘ␌៣DŽ ᐌ⬅ᄫ↡㸼⼎DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ ՟ᄤ˖
ϡ݀ᑇ␌៣˖϶ϔᇍ傄ᄤˈᑊЎখࡴⱘ↣ϾҎᣛᅮ
Ң2ࠄ12ⱘᘏ᭄DŽᔧ϶ࠄҪཌྷⱘᘏ᭄ᯊˈህ
ᕫϔߚDŽ಴Ў϶ࠄ2ࠄ12ⱘᘏ᭄ᴎӮϡⳌㄝˈ ব䞣
䙷М᠔᳝Ҏ㦋㚰ⱘᴎӮг䛑ϡⳌㄝˈ಴ℸ䖭Ͼ␌៣
ϡ݀ᑇDŽ ፤৆‫(ڎ‬Venn diagram)Փ⫼ऎඳ㸼⼎џ
ӊ䲚ড়П䯈ⱘ݇㋏ⱘ೒DŽ
Ӭ͈(unit price)ϔϾ⠽કⱘऩԡӋḐDŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖
 ↣⺙$3.00 ↣Ⲧ$5.75 ᑇ㸠ಯ䖍ᔶ

ⶽᔶ
Ӭͮ(unit)ϔӊ⠽કDŽ⫼԰⌟䞣ᷛ‫ⱘޚ‬ϔ
ℷᮍᔶ
Ͼ䞣៪᭄䞣DŽ
㧅ᔶ
Ӭѫஜ(unit fraction)ߚᄤЎ1ⱘߚ
᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
1 1 1 ᮆཁ(vertex)೼ϔϾ㾦៪ϔϾ໮䖍ᔶ
4 2 7
ϞˈϸϾ䖍ⳌѸⱘ⚍DŽ೼ϔϾ໮䴶ԧϞˈ
ϝϾ៪ϝϾҹϞⱘ䴶ⳌѸⱘ⚍DŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

Ӭͮඊည(unit rate)ϔ㒘↨՟Ё㄀ѠϾ
᭄ᰃϔϾऩԡⱘ↨⥛DŽ ՟ᄤ˖
55㣅䞠
՟ᄤ˖↣ߚ䩳25ࡴҥ
1ᇣᯊ

乊⚍

乊⚍ 乊⚍

Mandarin 39
ࠪᮆᝇ(vertical angles)ϸᴵ㒓ⳌѸˈ x ᣈ(x-axis)തᷛᑇ䴶Ϟⱘ∈ᑇ䕈DŽ
Ⳍᇍⱘ㾦DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
՟ᄤ˖

乊㾦˖
ğ1੠ğ3
ğ2੠ğ4
x䕈

‫ۆ‬ᄯᣈ(vertical axis)೼݊Ϟᓎゟᴵᔶ೒
៪തᷛᑇ䴶ⱘϸᴵ㒓Ёⱘൖ㒓DŽ x ‫ڮ‬ಕ(x-coordinate)᳝ᑣᇍⱘ㄀ϔϾ
՟ᄤ˖ ᭄DŽ
୰⃶ⱘ买㡆 ՟ᄤ˖
乥⥛

㑶 㪱
ൖⳈ䕈

ͳሤ(volume)ゟԧ᠔ऴⱘぎ䯈䞣DŽ xതᷛ
՟ᄤ˖
x ᣈ੔ᡯ(x-intercept)ᮍ⿟ⱘ೒ᔶϢx
䕈ⳌѸⱘ⚍DŽ
ゟᮍऩԡ ՟ᄤ˖

x䕈៾䎱 = 2
᧗᧙(weight)԰⫼Ѣ⠽ԧᴀ䑿ⱘ䞡࡯ⱘ
⌟䞣ؐDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

y ᣈ(y-axis)തᷛᑇ䴶ϞⱘൖⳈ䕈DŽ
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

1Ⲣৌ 1⺙  1ৼ ՟ᄤ˖

ஞஜ(whole number)೼䲚ড় y䕈

{0,1,2,3,4,......}Ёⱘӏԩ᭄DŽ

ߙಪय(word form)াՓ⫼᭛ᄫᴹ‫ߎݭ‬
ϔϾ᭄ⱘᮍ⊩DŽ
՟ᄤ˖
 ಯकѨϛғ कғ ݁

40 Mandarin
 y ‫ڮ‬ಕ(y-coordinate)᳝ᑣᇍⱘ㄀ѠϾ
᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

yതᷛ

y ᣈ੔ᡯ(y-intercept)ᮍ⿟ⱘ೒ᔶϢy
䕈ⳌѸⱘ⚍DŽ
՟ᄤ˖

y䕈៾䎱= -2

ᆉ(yard)ᐌ⫼⌟䞣ԧ㋏ЁϔϾㄝѢ3㣅
ሎⱘऩԡDŽ
՟ᄤ˖

Ḡᄤⱘ催ᑺ໻
㑺ЎϔⷕDŽ

੆ᭅࠪ(zero pair)ϔϾ᭄੠ᅗⱘⳌড
᭄DŽ
՟ᄤ˖7੠-7 23੠-23
© Scott Foresman Addison Wesley 6-8

Ҫกᄉ੆ᭅྱব(Zero Property of
Addition)ϔϾᭈ᭄੠ᅗⱘⳌড᭄ⱘ੠ᘏ
ᰃ0DŽ
՟ᄤ˖ 3 + (-3) = 0
-8 + 8 = 0

Mandarin 41