Asepsis and Infection Control Nursing School

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Chapter 18- Asepsis and

Infection Control Nursing
School Test Banks

1. The nurse explains to the patient the first line of
defense against infection is:
A) frequent hand washing with soap and water.
B) early intervention with antibiotics.
C) staying home when sick.
D) intact skin and mucous membranes.
E) low levels of normal flora.
Ans: D
Feedback:
The first line of defense against infection is intact
skin and mucous membranes covering body
cavities.
http://testbankgo.info/chapter18asepsisandinfectioncontrol/ 1/20
2. A patient has an inguinal hernia
repair and later develops a
methicillinresistant
Staphylococcus aureus
infection. What is the most
important factor to prevent this
infection?
A) Surgical asepsis
B) Increased T cells
C) Decreased antibiotics
D) Increased vitamin C
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Ans: A
Feedback:
Patients are at risk for
nosocomial infections when the
healthcare staff does not follow
safety guidelines. Medical and
surgical asepsis is the primary
safety intervention for
preventing disease in the
healthcare environment.
3. A patient has a draining wound that is
contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. The
nurse should observe
A) Droplet precautions
B) Universal precautions
C) Reverse precautions
D) Bodysubstance isolation
Ans: D
Feedback:
Bodysubstance isolation involves the use of
barriers to provide protection from all moist body
secretions.
4. When the patient who has been diagnosed with
hepatitis B has been hospitalized, the type of
isolation the nursing staff should observe is
A) Droplet precautions
B) Universal precautions
C) Reverse precautions
D) Bodysubstance isolation
Ans: B
Feedback:
Universal precautions relate to blood and certain
body fluids to protect healthcare workers from
patients possibly carrying HIV, hepatitis B virus,
or other bloodborne pathogens.
5. Disinfectants are used
A) To prepare instruments for surgery
B) To sterilize surgical drapes
C) To clean rooms between patients
D) For preoperative bowel preparations
Ans: C
Feedback:
A chemical used on lifeless objects is called a
disinfectant.
6. Surgical asepsis is defined as
A) Absence of all virulent microorganisms
Absence of all microorganisms
B)
C) Slowed growth of microorganisms
D) Use of handwashing, gowning, and gloving
Ans: B
Feedback:
Surgical asepsis refers to sterile technique and
indicates procedures used to eliminate any
microorganisms.
7. To eliminate needlesticks as potential hazards to
nurses, the nurse should
A) Place the uncapped needle on a tray, carry it to
the medicine room for disposal
B) Immediately deposit uncapped needles into
punctureproof plastic container
C) Stick the uncapped needle into a Styrofoam
block and deposit in a plastic container
D) Slide the needle into the cap and deposit it in a
punctureproof plastic container
Ans: B
Feedback:
All uncapped needles should be placed in
punctureproof plastic units immediately after use.
8. To protect the schoolage children from
communicable disease, the school nurse maintains
records on the childrens
Allergies
A)
A)
B) Medications
C) Diabetes
D) Immunizations
Ans: D
Feedback:
The incidence of communicable illness is high
among children grouped together for study and
play. Schools often employ nurses to teach
classes, monitor immunization schedules, and
develop and monitor infection control practices
and outbreaks of communicable diseases.
9. What is the most common patient site for
development of nosocomial infections?
A) Surgical wound
B) Respiratory tract
C) Bloodstream
D) Urinary tract
Ans: D
Feedback:
The urinary tract is the most common site for
nosocomial infections.
When a nurse picks up a patients contaminated
10.
tissue without gloves and fails to wash his hands
sufficiently, the nurse provides for the patients
organisms to be spread by which type of
transmission?
A) Airborne
B) Contact
C) Vector
D) Vehicle
Ans: B
Feedback:
Direct contact involves body surfacetobody
surface contact, causing the physical transfer of
organisms between an infected or colonized host
and a susceptible host.
11. A patient has sexual intercourse with someone
infected with HIV. The vehicle of transmission is
A) Semen
B) Blood
C) Wound drainage
D) Sputum
Ans: A
Feedback:
Vehicle transmission involves the transfer of
microorganisms by way of vehicles, or
contaminated items that transmit pathogens. For
contaminated items that transmit pathogens. For
example, food can carry Salmonella. In this case,
semen can carry human immunodeficiency virus.
12. A patient with HIV is the
A) Pathogen
B) Virulence
C) Specificity
D) Carrier
Ans: D
Feedback:
Patients may become infected from people who
have active disease, people in the incubation
portion of their disease, or people who harbor
pathogens but have no symptoms of disease.
13. Which of the following factors have contributed
to resistant microbial strains?
A) Use of antibiotics for bacterial infections
B) Use of antibiotics for viral infections
C) Use of Neosporin with abrasions
D) Use of vitamins with animals
Ans: B
Feedback:
The overprescribing of antibiotics for viral
infections has contributed to the evolution of
resistant microbial strains.
14. Recently the United States and Canada have seen
the development of West Nile virus. It is carried
to humans by
A) Mosquitoes
B) Humans
C) Deer
D) Elk
Ans: A
Feedback:
Parasites are multicellular organisms that live on
other organisms without contributing anything to
their hosts. Examples of parasites include
protozoa, helminth, and arthropod species.
Sexual contact, insects, and domestic animals
frequently carry parasites to humans.
15. Hepatitis is classified as a virus that
A) Is localized in the liver
B) Causes decreased urine
C) Results in pallor
D) Causes tissue damage
Ans: D
Feedback:
Some viral infections are acute and controlled by
the hosts defense mechanisms; others spread
throughout the body and cause severe tissue
damage or result in chronic illness.
16. A patient suffers from bloody diarrhea after
eating at a local restaurant. The patient has been
infected with a(an)
A) Bacteria
B) Virus
C) Fungi
D) Protozoa
Ans: A
Feedback:
Bacteria may be transmitted through air, food,
water, soil, vectors, or sexual activity.
17. Before and after doing aseptic techniques with a
patient, the nurse should
A) Sterilize equipment
B) Apply clean gloves
C) Replace equipment
Wash hands
D)
Ans: D
Feedback:
Aseptic techniques, which start and end with
handwashing, include the processes of cleaning,
disinfection, and sterilization.
18. A nursing student comes to the university health
center complaining of a sore throat, malaise, and
loss of appetite. The nurse assesses the student
and determines she has large white yellow
exudates in the back of the throat and a fever. The
student is presenting with a/an
A) Infectious disease
B) Viral illness
C) Throat mass
D) Mononucleosis
Ans: A
Feedback:
Infectious disease refers to the pathology or
pathologic events that result from the invasion
and multiplication of microorganisms in a host.
Toxins and enzymes produced by the
microorganisms cause tissue injury. The injury
produces manifestations of infection: fever,
rashes, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
purulent discharge from wounds; a hot, red tender
area around wounds or puncture sites; aches and
pains; or total body collapse.
An infection or the products of infection carried
19. throughout the body by the blood is called
A) Contamination
B) Infectious disease
C) Septicemia
D) Viral illness
Ans: C
Feedback:
Sepsis, a term that means poisoning of tissues,
often is used to describe the presence of
infection. Transport of an infection or the
products of infection throughout the body by the
blood is known as septicemia.
20. A patient develops a high fever and has a urinary
tract infection. The patient has malaise and is
confused. The patient is
A) Septic
B) Anorexic
C) Lethargic
D) Apneic
Ans: A
Feedback:
Sepsis, a term that means poisoning of tissues,
often is used to describe the presence of
infection.
21. Any microorganism capable of disrupting normal
physiologic body processes is a
A) Bacterium
B) Fomite
C) Pathogen
D) Virus
Ans: C
Feedback:
Microorganisms that are capable of harming
people are called pathogens or are pathogenic.
22. The nurse washes her hands for 1 minute before
caring for her patient. The rationale for this is
A) To provide safe and effective nursing care
B) To prevent her from developing disease
C) Freedom from diseaseproducing organisms
D) The sterilization of her hands to prevent
infection
Ans: C
Feedback:
Asepsis means to make free from disease
producing organisms.
23. What is the most common reason people contact
healthcare providers?
A) Sleeplessness
B) Infectious disease
C) Anxiety
D) Pain
Ans: B
Feedback:
Infectious disease is the most common reason
people contact healthcare providers and accounts
for more clinic and physician office visits than
any other cause in the United States.
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