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EVALUATION
Activity During Experiment & Procedure 30 %
Overall Mark
Honor Pledge:
By electronically submitting this report I pledge that I have neither given nor received
unauthorized assistance on this assignment.
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Date Signature
1. Introduction
This experiment involve the study of flow past a circular cylinder in a uniform stream. The
flow past a two-dimensional cylinder is one of the most studied of aerodynamics. It is relevant
to many engineering applications. The flow pattern and the drag on a cylinder are functions of
the Reynolds number ReD = U∞D/µ, based on the cylinder diameter D and the undisturbed
free-stream velocity U∞. Recall that the Reynolds number represents the ratio of inertial to
viscous forces in the flow.
At the leading edge of the cylinder a stagnation point is formed where the oncoming flow is
brought to rest. The pressure here is equal to the stagnation pressure. The pressure
coefficient Cp = (p - p∞)/(½ρU∞2) is therefore equal to unity ( 1 ) by Bernoulli's equation. To
either side of the stagnation point the flow accelerates around the forward surface of the
cylinder producing a drop in the pressure.
Free stream velocity can be calculated with the below equation which is derived from
Bernoulli equation.
2(𝑝𝑠𝑡𝑔 − 𝑝∞ )
𝑉= √
𝜌
Cp = (p - p∞)/(½ρU∞2)
where p representing the pressure at the cylinder surface. The cylinder is instrumented with
one one-millimeter diameter pressure taps at at mid span. These sense the surface
pressure p and transmit it through a tube to the outside world. The pressure p can be obtained
using the hydrostatic equation
p=ρwatergh
To form the numerator of the pressure coefficient it is then necessary to measure p∞ and
subtract it from these readings.
Of particular interest here is the pressure coefficient distribution round cylinder. The
distribution is predicted by the theory, given by the expression Cp=1-4sin2θ, where θ is angle
measured from the back of the cylinder as shown in following figures and also will be ploted
as a result of this experiment. the theoritical pressure distribution is unrealistic in a number of
ways. However, in this experiment you will have an opportunity to make comparison between
the theoritical pressure distribution and experimental pressure distribution.
4. Technical Report
Introduction
The introduction should contain a brief discussion of the objectives and motivation for the
experiment. A concise description of pertinent background information, such as cylinder flow
patterns. In addition, the key assumptions, equations, and variables used in the analyses
should be described briefly, without in-depth derivation or excessive detail.
Methods
A methods section must be included with an overview of the procedure and at least one
schematic of the experimental apparatus. An important part of engineering is being able to
describe a process with a picture or drawing. Do not scan the figures from the manual for this
section.
θ p - p∞ Cp = [p - p∞)/(½ρU∞2] θ p - p∞ Cp = (p - p∞)/(½ρU∞2)
[degree] [N/m2] [degree] [N/m2]
0 0
5 -5
10 -10
15 -15
20 -20
25 -25
30 -30
35 -35
40 -40
45 -45
50 -50
55 -55
60 -60
65 -65
70 -70
75 -75
80 -80
85 -85
90 -90
100 -100
110 -110
120 -120
130 -130
140 -140
150 -150
160 -160
170 -170
180 -180