GENERAL EXPERIMENTS

EXPERIMENT I (a)
Numerical Calculations

DO NOT OPEN PAGE 2.

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTION BEFORE
PROCEEDING TO PAGE 2.

In the following questions, it is expected that you open the question ONLY when
you have decided to spend uninterrupted time to solve it. It has to be done in one
sitting only and that no computer or scientific calculator is to be used.

SIMPLE CALCULATOR IS ALLOWED.

The answers are to be written down without scratches and no rewind to correct
the mistake. This exercise is about checking your concentration and capacity to
do calculations.

Keep the answer sheet ready before opening page 2.

Let f(x) = x4 – 7 and g(x) = 4x
Then  is defined as  = f(x)/g(x)
1) let x1 = 1
calculate for x1
now x2 = x1 –  (5 marks)

2) now replace the value x1 by x2 in step 1and repeat the steps of 1) above 4
times
(20 marks)
Write the final value of x2 as the answer for x4-7=0

EXPERIMENT I (b)
Numerical Calculations

Let f(x) = x3 -3x2+8 and g(x) = 3x2-6x

Then  is defined as  = f(x)/g(x)
3) let x1 = 33
calculate for x1
now x2 = x1 –  (5 marks)

4) now replace the value of x1 by x2 and repeat the steps of 3) above 4 times
(20 marks)
Write the final value of x2 as the answer for x3 -3x2+8 =0
 EXPERIMENT II
Drawing graph and analyzing data

In an experiment, a scientist measures the energy of the photon scattered from metal
cylinder. The initial energy of the photon E0 is 1000 keV. The final energy of the scattered
photon at different angles is given in table below.

Energy
Angle (keV)
0 1000
10 971.120701
20 894.415462
30 792.237568
40 685.893385
50 588.506904
60 505.381374
70 437.077621
80 382.047472
90 338.141052
100 303.287307
110 275.731219
120 254.072726
130 237.231629
140 224.393649
150 214.95922
160 208.501951
170 204.73786

As a first step towards analyzing the data, he plots energy vs scattering angle .
However the graph does not represent any simple relationship between the value of the
scattered energy and the scattering angle . He then plotted energy E vs (1-cos).

Following in the footsteps of the scientist

1) plot the graph of E vs  ( 10 marks)
2) and then E vs (1-cos). (10 marks)

3) The most simplest relationship between a variable and an independent quantity is a

linear relationship of the type y=mx+c. After looking at the second graph, can you
suggest the scientist something so that the y vs x quantities becomes a linear relationship?
(10 marks)
4) If you cannot obtain the relationship, we will give you hint later.
5) Implement the suggestion to draw a linear relationship between the quantities
y and x.
(10 marks)
6) Having obtained a straight line graph replace the quantities y and x by the
quantities taken as y and x to plot the straight line graph in y=mx+c and write
 the appropriate equation .
(5 marks)
7) Simplify the equation to write E = __________________ ( 5 marks)
 EXPERIMENT III

A scientist wants to measure the mass of an unknown molecule which he has just
discovered. The molecule has certain special characteristics.
1) it always exists in clusters, i.e. A group of molecules exist at any given time
and do not split up easily.
2) Each cluster always picks up a charge q=1 ( 1.6 x 10-19 C).
1 amu = 1.67 x 10-27 kg.

He sends these molecules through a magnetic field with a velocity (v) of 2 x 106
m/s. When these charged molecules of different masses but same charge and
same velocity move through the magnetic field, they bend as per the equation M
= r q B/v. Where M is the mass of the cluster which is moving under the
influence of the magnetic field B. The magnetic field is 3 Tesla (kg/C/sec).

The molecules when ejected from the source, make a complete semi circle (turn
by angle of 180 degrees) and are incident on a screen. The distance from the
source, at which various molecules
are incident on the screen, are given below. The distances from the source to the
point when the molecule hits the screen (2r), after bending, given below, are
measured in mm.

From the given data of the experiment determine the mass of the molecule m.
Mass of the cluster M = nm where n is some integer.

821.20
383.40
2575.14
739.44
956.80
520.72
270.18
1152.62
1838.74
3011.90
2087.08
2248.96
1946.60
2740.08
1506.74
3125.00
1258.52