Name: de Gala, Renz Casper Joy B.

Guiwan, Greassan

Program: 06 – CES
Course: BS Civil Engineering
Algebra:
1. Solve for x in each of the following.
a. 3𝑥 = 81 b. 2𝑥 = 64 c. 5−𝑥 = 25 d. 10−𝑥 = 1000
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 81 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 64 −𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 25 −𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 1000
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 34 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 26 −𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 52 −𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 103
𝑥=4 𝑥=6 𝑥 = −2 𝑥 = −3
1 1 1 1
e. 2𝑥 = 32 f. 3𝑥 = 27 g. 7𝑥 = 49 h. 5𝑥 = 125
1 1
2−𝑥 = 32 3−𝑥 = 27 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔7 (49) 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 (125)
−𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 32 −𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 27 𝑥 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔7 49 𝑥 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔5 125
−𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 25 −𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 33 𝑥 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔7 72 𝑥 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔5 53
𝑥 = −5 𝑥 = −3 𝑥 = −2 𝑥 = −3
i. 243𝑥 = 3 j. 10000𝑥 = 10
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔243 3 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10000 10
1 1
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔243 2435 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10000 100004
1 1
𝑥=5 𝑥=4

2. Solve for x in each of the following.

a. 3 × 2𝑥 = 48 b. 2 × 5𝑥 = 250 c. 3𝑥+1 = 27 d. 6𝑥−2 = 216
2𝑥 = 16 5𝑥 = 125 3𝑥+1 = 33 6𝑥−2 = 63
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 16 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 125 𝑥+1=3 𝑥−2=3
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 24 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 53 𝑥 = 3−1 𝑥 = 3+2
𝑥=4 𝑥=3 𝑥=2 𝑥=5
1 1
e. 52𝑥−1 = 125 f. 33𝑥−2 = 243 g. 4𝑥−2 = 1 h. 22𝑥−6 = 1
52𝑥−1 = 125−1 33𝑥−2 = 243−1 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 𝑥 − 2 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 4 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 2𝑥 − 6 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 2
3 (−1) 5 (−1)
52𝑥−1 = 5 33𝑥−2 = 3 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 (𝑥 − 2) − 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 4 = 0 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 (2𝑥 − 6) − 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 2 = 0
𝑥−2 2𝑥−6
2𝑥 − 1 = −3 3𝑥 − 2 = −5 =0 =0
4 2
𝑥 = −1 𝑥 = −1 𝑥=2 𝑥=3
3. Solve for x in each of the following.
a. 3𝑥 × 3𝑥−1 = 243 b. 5𝑥 × 52𝑥+1 = 625 c. 2𝑥 × 4𝑥−1 = 16 d. 4𝑥 × 16𝑥+2 = 64
3𝑥+(𝑥−1) = 35 5𝑥+(2𝑥+1) = 54 2𝑥 × (22 )𝑥−1 = 24 4𝑥 × (42 )𝑥+2 = 43
𝑥+𝑥−1=5 𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 1 = 4 2𝑥 × (2)2𝑥−2 = 24 4𝑥 × (4)2𝑥+4 = 43
2𝑥 − 1 = 5 3𝑥 + 1 = 4 2𝑥+(2𝑥−2) = 24 4𝑥+(2𝑥+4) = 43
2𝑥 = 6 3𝑥 = 3 𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 2 = 4 𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 4 = 3
1
𝑥=3 𝑥=1 𝑥=2 𝑥 = −3

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
 1 3 3 1
−
33𝑥+1 52𝑥−1 𝑥 52 ×625 4 𝑥 24 ×84
e. = 81 f. 254𝑥−3 = 625 g. 125 = h. 128 = 1
9𝑥−2 25
168
1 3 3 1
-
3x+1 2 )-x+2 4 2x-1 2 )-4x+3 4 52 ×(54 ) 4 24 ×(23 )4
3 ×(3 =3 5 ×(5 =5 (53 )x = (27 )x = 1
52
(24 )8
1 3 3
×−3 ×
(3x+1)+(-2x+4)=4 (2x-1)+(-8x+6)=4 3𝑥 = 2 7x= 4 1 4
2
2
1 1 9
𝑥 = −1 𝑥=6 𝑥 = −4 𝑥 = 56

4. Solve for x in each of the following.

a. (3𝑥 − 9)(3𝑥 − 1) = 0 b. (5𝑥 − 125)(5𝑥 − 5) = 0 c. 22𝑥 − 6 × 2𝑥 + 8 = 0
3𝑥 = 9 ; 3𝑥 = 1 5𝑥 = 125 ; 5𝑥 = 5 (2𝑥 )2 − 6 × 2𝑥 + 8 = 0
3𝑥 = 32 ; 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥 × −𝑙𝑜𝑔3 3 = 0 5𝑥 = 53 ; 5𝑥 = 5 𝑢2 − 6 × 𝑢 + 8 = 0
𝑥 = 2 ;𝑥 = 0 𝑥 = 3 ;𝑥 = 1 𝑢2 − 6𝑢 + 8 = 0
𝑏𝑦 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝑢 =4; 𝑢 =2
2𝑥 = 22 ; 2𝑥 = 2
𝑥 = 2 ;𝑥 = 1
d. 62𝑥 − 7 × 6𝑥 + 6 = 0 e. 25𝑥 + 4 × 5𝑥 − 5 = 0 f. 4𝑥 − 6 × 2𝑥 − 16 = 0
(6𝑥 )2 − 7 × 6𝑥 + 6 = 0 [(52 )𝑥 ] + 4 × 5𝑥 − 5 = 0 (22 )𝑥 − 6 × 2𝑥 − 16 = 0
𝑢2 − 7𝑢 + 6 = 0 (5𝑥 )2 + 4 × 5𝑥 − 5 = 0 (2𝑥 )2 − 6 × 2𝑥 − 16 = 0
𝑏𝑦 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝑢2 + 4𝑢 − 5 = 0 𝑢2 − 6𝑢 − 16 = 0
𝑢 = 6; 𝑢 =1 𝑢 = 1 ; 𝑢 = −5 𝑢 = 8 ; 𝑢 = −2
𝑥 = 1 ;𝑥 = 0 𝑥 = 0 ; 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥𝜖ℝ 𝑥 = 3 ; 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥𝜖ℝ
g. 42𝑥 − 20 × 4𝑥 = −64 h. 32𝑥 − 36 × 3𝑥 = −243 i. 4𝑥 = 33 × 2𝑥 − 32
42𝑥 − 20 × 4𝑥 + 64 = 0 32𝑥 − 36 × 3𝑥 + 243 = 0 −4𝑥 + 33 × 2𝑥 − 32 = 0
𝑢2 − 20𝑢 + 64 = 0 𝑢2 − 36𝑢 + 243 = 0 𝑢2 − 33𝑢 + 32 = 0
𝑢 = 16 ; 𝑢 = 4 𝑢 = 27 ; 𝑢 = 9 𝑢 = 32 ; 𝑢 = 1
𝑥 = 2 ;𝑥 = 1 𝑥 = 3 ;𝑥 = 2 𝑥 = 0 ;𝑥 = 5
j. 9𝑥 = 2 × 3𝑥 + 3
−9𝑥 + 2 × 3𝑥 + 3 = 0
9𝑥 − 2 × 3𝑥 − 3 = 0
𝑢2 − 2𝑢 − 3 = 0
𝑢 = 3 ; 𝑢 = −1
𝑥 = 1 ; 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥𝜖ℝ
5. Solve for x in each of the following.
1 1
a. 𝑥 5 = 243 b. 𝑥 3 = 125 c. 𝑥 2 = 4 d. 𝑥 3 = 3
1 2 1 3
5 3
𝑥 = √243 𝑥 = √125 (𝑥 2 ) = 42 (𝑥 3 ) = 33
𝑥=3 𝑥=5 𝑥 = 16 𝑥 = 27

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
 e. (𝑥 − 1)3 = 8 f. (2𝑥 + 1)4 = 81 g. 5(𝑥 + 2)2 = 80 h. 7(𝑥 − 3)5 = 224
3 4 5 5
𝑥 − 1 = √8 2𝑥 + 1 = ± √81 √5(𝑥 + 2) = ±√80 √7(𝑥 − 3) = √224
𝑥−1=2 2𝑥 + 1 = ±3 𝑥 + 2 = ±4 𝑥−3=2
𝑥=3 𝑥 = 1 ; 𝑥 = −2 𝑥 = 2 ; 𝑥 = −6 𝑥=5
6. Solve for x in the following. Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places.
a. 2𝑥 = 5 b. 3𝑥 = 12 c. (0.3)𝑥−1 = 10 d.(1.2)2𝑥 = 7
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 5 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 12 𝑥 − 1 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔0.3 10 2𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1.2 7
𝑥 = 2.322 𝑥 = 2.262 𝑥 = −0.912 𝑥 = 5.336
e. (1.4)2−𝑥 = 6 f. (0.6)1−2𝑥 = 8 g. 3 × 5𝑥 = 27 h. 2 × 4𝑥 = 22
2 − 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1.4 6 1 − 2𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔0.6 8 5𝑥 = 9 4𝑥 = 11
−𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1.4 6 − 2 −2𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔0.6 8 − 1 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 9 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 11
𝑥 = −3.325 𝑥 = 2.535 𝑥 = 1.365 𝑥 = 1.73

i. 5 × 7𝑥 = 1 j. 4 × 6𝑥 = 1 k. 2𝑥 × 3𝑥+1 = 10 l. 5𝑥 × 2𝑥−1 = 100

1 1
7𝑥 = 5 6𝑥 = 4 2𝑥 × 3𝑥 × 31 = 10 5𝑥 × 2𝑥 × 2−1 = 100
1 1 10
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔7 5 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔6 4 6𝑥 = 3
10𝑥 = 50
10
𝑥 = −0.827 𝑥 = −0.774 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔6 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 50
3
𝑥 = 0.672 𝑥 = 1.699
7. Solve for x in the following. Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places.
a. 3𝑥 > 5 b. 5𝑥 < 2 c. 22𝑥 ≤ 7 d. 43𝑥 ≥ 6
𝑥 > 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 5 𝑥 < 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 2 2𝑥 ≤ 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 7 3𝑥 ≥ 𝑙𝑜𝑔4 6
𝑥 > 1.465 𝑥 < 0.431 𝑥 ≤ 1.404 𝑥 ≥ 0.431
e. (0.2)𝑥 > 3 f. (0.3)𝑥 < 4 g. 7𝑥 ≥ 0.5 h. 6𝑥 ≤ 0.6
10 𝑥
(−5)𝑥 > 3 (− 3 ) < 3 𝑥 ≥ 𝑙𝑜𝑔7 0.5 𝑥 ≤ 𝑙𝑜𝑔6 0.6
𝑥 < −𝑙𝑜𝑔5 3 𝑥 > −𝑙𝑜𝑔10 3 𝑥 ≥ −0.356 𝑥 ≤ −0.285
3
𝑥 < −0.683 𝑥 > −1.151
i. (0.4)𝑥 > 0.2 j. (0.5)𝑥 < 0.9
5 𝑥
(− 2) > 0.2 (−2)𝑥 < 0.9
𝑥 < −𝑙𝑜𝑔5 0.2 𝑥 > −𝑙𝑜𝑔2 0.9
2
𝑥 < 1.756 𝑥 > 0.152
8. Multiple Choice:
The value of x for which 5 × 2𝑥 = 1255, correct to 3 decimal places is:
a. 7.971 b. 897.750 c. 897.749 d. 7.972 e. 2.059
5 × 2𝑥 = 1255
2𝑥 = 251
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 251
𝑥 = 7.972

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
9. Multiple Choice:
The solution to the equation 102𝑥 = 3 × 10𝑥 + 4 is:
a. 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 (−1), 𝑙𝑜𝑔20 4 b. -1,4 c. 10𝑥 + 1, 10𝑥 − 1 d. 0,0.602 e. 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 4
102𝑥 = 3 × 10𝑥 + 4
−102𝑥 + 3 × 10𝑥 + 4 = 0
−(10𝑥 )2 + 3 × +4 = 0
𝐿𝑒𝑡 10𝑥 = 𝑢
−𝑢2 + 3𝑢 + 4 = 0
𝐵𝑦 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝑢 = 4 ; 𝑢 = −1
10𝑥 = 4 ; 10𝑥 = −1
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 4 ; 𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥𝜖ℝ
10. If $10,000 is invested at 6% p.a. compound interest, the amount after n years is given by the
formula A=10,000(1.06)𝑛 . Find:
a. the amount after 5 years, giving your answer to the nearest dollar.
𝑎 = $10,000(1.06)5
𝑎 = $13,382
b. the number of years it takes for the investment to be worth $16,000. Giving your answer
to the nearest year
$16,000 = $10,000(1.06)𝑛
𝑛 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1.06 1.6
𝑛=8
c. how long it would take for the investment to double in value.
$20,000 = $10,000(1.06)𝑛
𝑛 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1.06 2
𝑛 = 11.89
𝑛 = 11, since there are 12 months in a year.
𝑛 = 11 , 0.9 × 12 = 10.8 = 11
𝑛 = 11 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 11 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑠
11. A new car costing $25,000 is depreciating at 15% per year.
a. What is the value of the car after one year?
$25,000-$25,000(0.15) = $21,250
b. What percentage is that of the original cost?
$21,250/$25,000= 0.85 or 85%
𝑟 𝑛
The value of the car at the end of any year can be found by using the formula 𝑣 = 𝑐 (1 − 100) ,
where $V is the value of the car, C is the original cost of the car, r is the rate of depreciation, and n
is the number of years after purchase.
c. Write the formula for V in terms of n, substituting values for C and r.
𝑟 𝑛
𝑣 = 𝑐 (1 − 100)
15 𝑛
𝑣 = 25,000 (1 − 100)
𝑣 = 25,000 × 0.85𝑛

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
 d. What will the car be worth after 6 years?
𝑟 𝑛
𝑣 = 𝑐 (1 − 100)
15 6
𝑣 = $25,000 (1 − 100)
𝑣 = $9,428.74

e. How long will it take before the car is worth $500?

𝑟 𝑛
𝑣 = 𝑐 (1 − 100)
15 𝑛
$500 = $25,000 (1 − 100)
𝑛 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔0.85 0.02
𝑛 = 24 Year’s
f. Will the car ever be worth $0? Give reasons for your answer.
-It can if we estimate precisely the number of years after purchase.
12. The diameter of a tree trunk increases according to the formula:𝐷 = 𝐴100.04𝑡 , where D cm is
the diameter of the trunk t years after it is first measured and A cm is the diameter of the trunk
when it is first measured.
a. Write an equation of D in terms of t if the trunk had a diameter of 20 cm when it was first
measured.
𝐷 = 𝐴100.04𝑡
𝐷 = 20 × 100.04𝑡
b. When will the diameter be 25 cm?
𝐷 = 𝐴100.04𝑡
25 𝑐𝑚 = 20 × 100.04𝑡
𝑙𝑜𝑔10 1.25
𝑡 = 0.04
𝑡 = 2.422
𝑡 ≈ 2 Years and 5 Months
c. After how many years will the diameter be greater than 30 cm?
𝐷 = 𝐴100.04𝑡
30 𝑐𝑚 > 20 × 100.04𝑡
𝑙𝑜𝑔10 1.5
𝑡 > 0.04
𝑡>4
∴ 𝑡 = 5 Years, or more

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
Name: de Gala, Renz Casper Joy B.
Guiwan, Greassan

Program: 06 – CES
Course: BS Civil Engineering
Trigonometry:
1. Find the exact values of the following.
√3 √2 √3 √2
a. sin120⁰ = b. cos135⁰ = − c. tan330⁰= − d. cos225⁰= −
2 2 3 2

1 √3 √2 1
e. sin210⁰= − 2 f. tan 150⁰= − g. sin 315⁰= − h. cos 300⁰=
3 2 2

√3 √2
i. tan 225⁰= 1 j. cos390⁰= k. sin 405⁰= l. tan 420⁰= √3
2 2

2 find the exact values of the following.

3𝜋 √2 5𝜋 √3 2𝜋 4𝜋 1
a. sin = b. cos = c. tan = −√3 d. cos = −2
4 2 6 2 3 3

5𝜋 √2 7𝜋 √3 11𝜋 1 5𝜋 1
e sin =− f. tan = g. sin =−2 h. cos =2
4 2 6 3 6 3

7𝜋 9𝜋 √2 13𝜋 1 7𝜋 √3
i. tan = -1 j. cos = k. sin = l. tan =
4 4 2 6 2 6 3

3 if sin 𝑥 = 0.3, cos 𝑎 = 0.5, tan 𝑏 = 2.4 and 𝑥, 𝑎 and 𝑏 are in the first quadrant, find the value of
the following.
a. sin (𝜋 − 𝑥)= 0.3
v b. cos 9 𝜋 − 𝑎)= -0.5 c. tan (2𝜋 − 𝑏)= -2.4
√91 √3
d. cos (𝜋 − 𝑥)= e. sin (𝜋 − 𝑎)= f. tan (𝜋 + 𝑏)= 2.4
10 2

g. sin (2 𝜋 − 𝑥)=-0.3 h. cos (2 𝜋 − 𝑎)= 0.5 i. tan (𝜋 − 𝑏)= -2.4

√91 √3
j. cos (2 𝜋 + 𝑥) = k. sin (2 𝜋 = 𝑎)= l. tan (2 𝜋 + 𝑏)= 2.4
10 2

m. sin (3 𝜋 − 𝑥)= 0.3 n. cos (3 𝜋 + 𝑎) = -0.5 o. tan (3 𝜋 − 𝑏)= -2.4

7 24
4 if sin 𝑎 = 25 and cos 𝑎 = 25 , find tan 𝑎 and show that sin2 𝑎 + cos2 𝑎 = 1\
7 24
(24) 2+ (25)2

= 49 + 625
576
625

= 625
625
=1

1 𝜋
5 a if sin 𝑥 = , and < 𝑥 < 𝜋, find cos 𝑥 and hence find tan 𝑥. Note: Using Sci-Cal: Shift +
2 2
Setup 4
1 √3 1 √3
cos (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (2)) = tan (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (2)) =
2 3

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
 1 3𝜋
b if cos 𝑥 = − √2 , and 𝜋 < 𝑥 < , find sin 𝑥 and tan 𝑥
2
1 √2 1
𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (− )) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (− )) = -1
√2 2 √2

√3 3𝜋
c if sin 𝑥 = , and < 𝑥 < 2 𝜋, find cos 𝑥 and tan 𝑥.
2 2
√3 1 √3 √3
cos (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( 2 )) = 2 tan (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( 2 )) = − 2

3𝜋
d if tan 𝑥 = √3, and 𝜋 < 𝑥 < , find tan 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 cos 𝑥
2
√3 1
𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√3)) = − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√3)) = − 2
2

6 find the exact value of the following. Note: Using Sci-Cal: Shift + Setup 4
1 √2
a. sin (-30°) = − 2 b. cos (-45°)= c. tan (-60°)= -√3
2

√3 √3
d. cos (-150°) = − e. sin (-120°)= - 2 f. tan (-135°)= 1
2

√2 √3
g. sin (-225°) = h. cos (-210°) = − i. tan (-240°)= -√3
2 2

√3 √2
j.cos (-330°) = k. sin (-315°) = l. tan (-300°)= √3
2 2

√3 √3
m. sin (-420°) = - 2 n. cos (-390°) = o. tan (-405°) = −1
2

7 evaluate ( sin 𝑎 + cos 𝑎 )2 +(sin 𝑎 − cos 𝑎)2. Note: sin 𝑎2 + cos 𝑎2 = 1

∴ ( sin 𝑎 + cos 𝑎 )2 + (sin 𝑎 − cos 𝑎)2 = 2
8 find the values of: Note: Using Sci-Cal: Shift + Setup 4
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 3𝜋
a sin (− 3 ) b cos (− 6 ) c tan (− 4 ) d cos (− )
4
√3 √3 √2
=− =2 =−1 =− 2
2

2𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋 5𝜋
e sin (− ) f tan (− ) g sin (− ) h cos (− )
3 6 6 4
√3 √3 1 √2
=− =3 =2 =−
2 2

4𝜋 5𝜋 13𝜋 9𝜋
i tan (− ) j cos (− ) k sin (− ) l tan (− )
3 3 6 4
1 1
= −√3 =2 = −2 = −1

𝜋 𝜋
9 show that cos2 (− 4 ) + sin2 (− 4 ) = 1.
1 2 1 2 1 1
( ) + (− ) =2+2=1
√2 √2

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
10 if sin 𝜃 = 0.3, cos 𝑥 = 0.7 and tan 𝑎 = 0.4, find the value of the following. Note: Using Sci-Cal:
Shift
+ Setup 4
𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋
a. sin ( 2 − 𝑥) b. cos ( 2
+ 𝜃) c. tan ( 2 − 𝑎 )
𝜋 −1 3𝜋 𝜋 −1
sin ( 2 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 0.7) = 0.7 cos ( + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 0.3) = 0.3 tan ( 2 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛 0.4) = 2.5
2

𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋
d. cos ( 2 + 𝜃 ) e. sin ( 2
+ 𝑥) f. tan ( 2 + 𝑎 )
𝜋 −1 3𝜋 𝜋 −1
cos ( 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 0.3) = -0.3 sin ( + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 0.7) = -0.7 tan ( 2 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 0.4) = -2.5
2

𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
g. sin ( 2 + 𝑥) h. cos ( 2
− 𝜃) I. tan ( 2
− 𝑎)
𝜋 −1 3𝜋 3𝜋
sin ( 2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 0.7) = 0.7 cos ( − 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 0.3) = -0.3 tan ( − 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 0.4) = 2.5
2 2

3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
j. cos ( + 𝜃) k. sin ( − 𝑥) l. tan ( + 𝑎)
2 2 2
3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
cos ( + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 0.3) = 0.3 sin ( − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 0.7) = -0.7 tan ( + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 0.4) = -2.5
2 2 2

11 multiple choice
𝜋 𝜋 3
If 𝑥 = 12 , 3 sin 2𝑥 is equal to : = 3 sin(2 12) = 2

3√3 3√2 3 1 𝜋
A. B. C. 2 D. 2 E.
2 2 2

12 multiple choice
𝜋
The expression 1 – sin2 ( 2 − 𝜃) is equal to: since: sin 𝑎2 + cos 𝑎 2 = 1
∴ sin 𝑎2 = 1 − cos 𝑎2 , cos 𝑎2 = 1 − sin 𝑎2
𝜋
cos 𝑎2 = 1 − ( 2 − 𝜃)
𝜋
cos 𝑎2 ( 2 − 𝜃) = 1

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
A. cos ( 2 − 𝜃) B. sin ( 2 − 𝜃) C. sin2 ( 2 − 𝜃 )

𝜋
D. cos2 ( 2 − 𝜃) E0

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
Name: de Gala, Renz Casper Joy B.
Guiwan, Greassan

Program: 06 – CES
Course: BS Civil Engineering
Conic Section:
1. An equation of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 or 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑦 2 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 has a parabola graph. Explain in
your own words how can you tell before actually graphing whether the parabola opens up, down,
left, or right.
If the x is squared, the parabola is vertical (opens up or down). If the y is squared, it is
horizontal (opens left or right). If it is positive, the parabola opens up or to the right. If it is
negative, it opens down or to the left the vertex is at (h, k).
2. Explain why the vertex of a parabola is the point closest to the focus.
The vertex is the point on a parabola closest to the directrix. Since the eccentricity of a
parabola is 1, the distance from any other pint on the parabola to the directrix and focus is
greater than the distance from the vertex to the focus.

Give the focus and directrix for each parabola.

19. 𝑥 2 = 24𝑦 20. 𝑦 = 8𝑥 2 21. 𝑦 = −4𝑥 2
Vertex: (0,0) Vertex: (0,0) Vertex: (0,0)
Directrix: 𝑦 = 𝑘 − 𝑝 Directrix: 𝑦 = 𝑘 − 𝑝 Directrix: 𝑦 = 𝑘 − 𝑝
1 1
y=0-6 𝑦 = 0 − 32 𝑦 = 0 − (− 16)
1 1
𝑦 = −6 𝑦 = − 32 𝑦 = 16

22. 9𝑦 = 𝑥 2 23. 𝑥 = −32𝑦 2 24. 𝑥 = 16𝑦 2

Vertex: (0,0) Vertex: (0,0) Vertex: (0,0)
Directrix: 𝑦 = 𝑘 − 𝑝 Directrix: 𝑥 = ℎ − 𝑝 Directrix: 𝑥 = ℎ − 𝑝
9 1 1
𝑦 =0−4 𝑥 = 0 − (− 128) 𝑥 = 0 − 64
9 1 1
𝑦=− 𝑥= 𝑥=−
4 128 64

1 1
25. 𝑥 = − 4 𝑦 2 26. 𝑥 = − 16 𝑦 2 27. (𝑦 − 3)2 = 12(𝑥 − 1)
1 1 1
Eq. x = 4𝑝 (y − k)2 + ℎ Eq. x = 4𝑝 (y − k)2 + ℎ Eq. x = 4𝑝 (y − k)2 + ℎ
Vertex: (0,0) Vertex: (0,0) (𝑦 − 3)2 = 12𝑥 − 12
Directrix: 𝑥 = ℎ − 𝑝 Directrix: 𝑥 = ℎ − 𝑝 12𝑥 = (𝑦 − 3)2 + 1
𝑥 = 0 − (−1) 𝑥 = 0 − (−4) Vertex: (1,3)
𝑥=1 𝑥=4 Directrix: 𝑥 = ℎ − 𝑝
𝑥 =1−3
𝑥 = −2
28. (𝑥 + 2)2 = 20𝑦 29. (𝑥 − 7)2 = 16(𝑦 + 5) 30. (𝑦 − 2)2 = 24(𝑥 − 3)
1 1 1
Eq. y = 4𝑝
(x − h)2 + 𝑘 Eq. y = 4𝑝
(x − h)2 + 𝑘 Eq. x = 4𝑝 (y − k)2 + ℎ
Vertex: (−2,0) Vertex: (7, −5) Vertex: (3,2)
Directrix: 𝑦 = 𝑘 − 𝑝 Directrix: 𝑦 = 𝑘 − 𝑝 Directrix: 𝑥 = ℎ − 𝑝
𝑦 =0−5 𝑦 = −5 − 4 𝑥 =3−6
𝑦 = −5 𝑦 = −9 𝑥 = −3

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997
Write an equation for each parabola with vertex at the origin.
1
31. Focus (5,0) 32. Focus (− 2 , 0)
𝑦 2 = 4𝑝𝑥 𝑦 2 = 4𝑝𝑥
1
𝑦 2 = 4(5)𝑥 𝑦 2 = 4 (− 2) 𝑥
𝑦 2 = 20𝑥 𝑦 2 = −2𝑥
1 1
33.Focus (0, 4) 34. Focus (0, − 3)
𝑥 2 = 4𝑝𝑦 𝑥 2 = 4𝑝𝑦
𝑥 2 = 4(1/4)𝑦 𝑥 2 = 4(−1/3)𝑦
4
𝑥2 = 𝑦 𝑥2 = − 3 𝑦

35. Through(√3, 3), opening upward 36. Through(2, −2√2), opening to the right
𝑥 2 = 4𝑝𝑦 𝑦 2 = 4𝑝𝑥
1
𝑥 2 = 4 (4 ) 𝑦 𝑦 2 = 4(1)𝑥
𝑥2 = 𝑦 𝑦 2 = 4𝑥
37. Through(3,2), symmetric with respect to the x-axis
𝑦 2 = 4𝑝𝑥
𝑦 2 = 4(0.334)𝑥
𝑦 2 = 1.336𝑥

38. Through(2, −4), symmetric with respect to the y-axis

𝑥 2 = 4𝑝𝑦
1
𝑥 2 = 4(− 4)𝑦
𝑥 2 = −𝑦

Write an equation for each parabola

39. Vertex (4,3), Focus (4,5)
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 4𝑝 (𝑦 − 𝑘)
(𝑥 − 4)2 = 4(2) (𝑦 − 3)
(𝑥 − 4)2 = 8(𝑦 − 3)
41. Vertex (-5,6), Focus (2,6)
(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 4𝑝 (𝑥 − ℎ)
(𝑦 − 6)2 = 4(7)(𝑥 + 5)
(𝑦 − 6)2 = 28(𝑥 + 5)
40. Vertex (-2,1), Focus (-2,-3)
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 4𝑝 (𝑦 − 𝑘)
(𝑥 + 2)2 = 4(−4) (𝑦 − 1)
(𝑥 + 2)2 = −16 (𝑦 − 1)
42. Vertex (1,2), Focus (4,2)
(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 4𝑝 (𝑥 − ℎ)
(𝑦 − 2)2 = 4(3)(𝑥 − 1)
(𝑦 − 2)2 = 12(𝑥 − 1)

Source: Math Quest, Margaret Swale, MC 510 M42 2006

College Algebra, Margaret Lial, MC 512 L61c 1997