ARTIKEL BAHASA INGGRIS

Mengenai Kasus LGBT

Disusun Oleh:

NISA

(NIM: 150711004)

PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATAN

FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH
CIREBON
2016
 LGBT publications, pride parades, and related events, such as this stage at bologna
pride 2008 in italy, in creasingly drop the LGBT initialism instead of regularly adding new
letters, and dealing with issues of placement of those letters with in the new tittle.
LGBT or GLBT is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, and transgender. In use
since the 1990s, the term is an adaptation of the initialism LGB, wich was used to replace the
term gay in reference to the LGBT community beginning in the mid to late 1980s. Activists
belived that the term gay community did not accurately represent all those to whom it
referred.
The initialism has become mainstream as a self-designation; it has been adopted by
the majority of sexuality and gender identity based community centers and media in the
united states as well as some other english speaking countries. The term is used also in some
other countries, particularly those which languages use the initialism, such as Argentina,
France and Turkey.
The initialism LGBT is intended to emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender
identity-based cultures. It may be used to refer to anyone who is non heterosexual or non-
cisgender instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. To
recognize this inclusion, a popular variant adds the letter Q for those who identify as queer or
are questioning their sexual identity; LGBTQ has been recorded since 1996. Those who wish
to include intersex people in LGBT groups suggest an extended initialism LGBTI. This
initialism is used in all parts of "The Activist's Guide" of the yogyakarta principles in action.
Some people combine the two acronyms and use the term LGBTIQ.
Whether or not LGBT people openly identify themselves may depend on local
political concerns and whether they live in a discriminatory environment, as well as on the
status of LGBT Rights where they live. Some research, conducted anonymously and online
and including the 'Q' category, found that more adolescents and young adults identified as 'Q'
(questioning) compared with other LGBTQ categories. That may reflect the uncertainty and
external pressures surrounding human sexuality.

History
Main articles: LGBT history and time line of LGBT history
Further information: terminology of homosexuality
Before the sexual revolution of the 1960s, there was no common non-derogatory vocabulary
for non heterosexuality the closest such term,transgender, traces back to the 1860s but never
gained wide acceptance in the United States.
The first widely used term, homosexual, originally carried negative connotations. It
was replaced by homophile in the 1950s and 1960s, and subsequently gay in the 1970s; the
latter term was adopted first by the homosexual community. Lars Ullerstam promoted use of
the term sexual minority in the 1960s, as an analogy to the term ethnic minority As lesbians
forged more public identities, the phrase "gay and lesbian" became more common. The
daughters of bilitis folded in 1970 due to disputes over their direction: whether to focus on
feminism or gay rights or issues. As equality was a priority for lesbian feminists disparity of
roles between men and women or butch and femme were viewed as patriarchal. Lesbian
feminists eschewed gender role play that had been pervasive in bars, as well as the perceived
chauvinism of gay men; many lesbian feminists refused to work with gay men, or take up
their causes.
Lesbians who held a more essentialist view, that they had been born homosexual and
used the descriptor "lesbian" to define sexual attraction, often considered the separatist, angry
opinions of lesbian-feminists to be detrimental to the cause of gay rights. Bisexual and
transgender people also sought recognition as legitimate categories within the larger minority
community.
After the elation of change following group action in the stonewall riots in New York,
in the late 1970s and the early 1980s, some gays and lesbians became less accepting of
bisexual or transgender or people. Critics said that transgender people were acting out
stereotypes and bisexuals were simply gay men or lesbian women who were afraid to come
out and be honest about their identity. Each community has struggled to develop its own
identity including whether, and how, to align with other gender and sexuality-based
communities, at times excluding other subgroups; these conflicts continue to this day.
From about 1988, activists began to use the initialism LGBT in the United States. Not
until the 1990s within the movement did gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people gain
equal respect . Although the LGBT community has seen much controversy regarding
universal acceptance of different member groups (bisexual and transgender individuals, in
particular, have sometimes been marginalized by the larger LGBT community), the term
LGBT has been a positive symbol of inclusion. Despite the fact that LGBT does not nominally
encompass all individuals in smaller communities (see Variants below), the term is generally
accepted to include those not specifically identified in the four-letter initialism. Overall, the
use of the term LGBT has, over time, largely aided in bringing otherwise marginalized
individuals into the general community. Transgender actress candis cayne in 2009 described
the LGBT community "the last great minority", noting that "We can still be harassed openly"
and be "called out on television."
In response to years of lobbying from users and LGBT groups to eliminate
discrimination, the online social networking service facebook, in February 2014, widened its
choice of gender variants for users. In June 2015, after the US Supreme Court verdict
granting equal marriage rights, Facebook introduced a filter allowing users to color their
profile pictures rainbow in celebration of LGBT equality.

About LGBT Human Rights

We all have a sexual orientation and a gender identity, and this shared fact means that
discrimination against members of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender community,
based on sexual orientation and/ or gender identity, is an issue that transcends that
community and affects all of us.
 Sexual orientation covers sexual desires, feelings, practices and identification. Sexual
orientation can be towards people of the same or different sexes (same-sex, heterosexual or
bisexual orientation). Gender identity refers to the complex relationship between sex and
gender, referring to a person's experience of self expression in relation to social categories of
masculinity or femininity (gender). A person's subjectively felt gender identity may be at
variance with their sex or physiological characteristics.
Amnesty International believes that all people, regardless of their sexual orientation or
gender identity, should be able to enjoy their human rights. Although the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights does not explicitly mention sexual orientation or gender
identity, evolving conceptions of international human rights law include a broad
interpretation to include the rights and the protection of the rights of LGBT people around the
world.
The Yogyakarta Principles on the Application of International Human Rights Law in
Relation to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, developed in 2006 by a group of LGBT
experts in Yogyarkarta, Indonesia in response to well-known examples of abuse, provides a
universal guide to applying international human rights law to violations experienced by
lesbians, gay men, bisexual and transgender people to ensure the universal reach of human
rights protections.
However, across the globe, there remain many instances where an individuals' sexual
orientation or gender identity can lead them to face execution, imprisonment, torture,
violence or discrimination. The range of abuse is limitless and it contravenes the fundamental
tenets of international human rights law.
Human rights abuses based on sexual orientation or gender can include violation of
the rights of the child; the infliction of torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment
(Article 5); arbitrary detention on grounds of identity or beliefs (Article 9); the restriction of
freedom of association (Article 20) and the denial of the basic rights of due process.
Examples include:
• Execution by the state
• Denial of employment, housing or health services
• Loss of custody of children
• Denial of asylum
• Rape and otherwise torture in detention
• Threats for campaigning for LGBT human rights
• Regular subjection to verbal abuse
In many countries, the refusal of governments to address violence committed against
LGBT people creates a culture of impunity where such abuses can continue and escalate
unmitigated. Often, such abuses are committed by the state authorities themselves, with or
without legal sanction.
Issues
Decriminalization
People detained or imprisoned solely because of their homosexuality - including those
individuals prosecuted for having sex in circumstances which would not be criminal for
heterosexuals, or for their gender identity - are considered to be prisoners of conscience and
Amnesty International calls for their immediate and unconditional release.
Amnesty International calls for the decriminalization of homosexuality where such
legislation remains, including a review of all legislation which could result in the
discrimination, prosecution and punishment of people solely for their sexual orientation or
gender identity. All such laws should be repealed or amended.
People around the world face violence and inequality – and sometimes torture, even
execution – because of who they love, how they look, or who they are. Sexual orientation and
gender identity are integral aspects of our selves and should never lead to discrimination or
abuse. Human Rights Watch works for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people’s
rights, with activists representing a multiplicity of identities and issues. We document and
expose abuses based on sexual orientation and gender identity worldwide – including torture,
killing and executions, arrests under unjust laws, unequal treatment, censorship, medical
abuses, discrimination in health and jobs and housing, domestic violence, abuses against
children, and denial of family rights and recognition. We advocate for laws and policies that
will protect everyone’s dignity. We work for a world where all people can enjoy their rights
fully.

Pros & Cons

Same sex marriage becomes hot topic lately among society around the globe, after
U.S legalize it. Pro and contra of legalizing same-sex marriage rise. Some people believe that
same-sex marriage can bring several benefits, while others believe that same-sex marriage is
forbidden because of reasons. The debate among society about same-sex marriage goes on
until now.

For those who agree, same sex marriage can brings some benefits. First, marriage is
an internationally recognized human right for all people and same-sex marriage is a civil
right. Second, marriage is not only for procreation, otherwise infertile couples or couples not
wishing to have children would be prevented from marrying, so as same sex marriage. Third,
same sex couples is also useful when they adopt orphand who lacks of love. Fourth, marriage
provides both physical and psychological health benefits, and banning gay marriage increases
rates of psychological disorders. The American Psychological Association and American
Psychiatric Association in Sep. 2007 say "...allowing same-sex couples to marry would give
them access to the social support that already facilitates and strengthens heterosexual
marriages, with all of the psychological and physical health benefits associated with that
support."

In other hand, some people who disagree with same sex marriage have some reasons
to oppose it. First, the institution of marriage has traditionally been defined as being between
a man and a woman. Marriage is for procreation and should not be extended to same-sex
couples because they cannot produce children together. Second, allowing gay marriage would
only further shift the purpose of marriage from producing and raising children to adult
gratification.Third, children need both a mother and a father. Girls who are raised apart from
their fathers are reportedly at higher risk for early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy.
Children without a mother are deprived of the emotional security and unique advice that
mothers provide. Fourth, gay marriage is contrary to the word of God and is incompatible
with the beliefs, sacred texts, and traditions of many religious groups.

In conclusion, we cannot judge whether same sex marriage is good or bad. It is just
like two sides of coins which together has both positive and negative points. The wise way to
response to this issue is with strengthening what we believe is good, without trying to oppose
the others who has different perspective.

OPINION
My opinion, I think all people disagree with LGBT because at the previous time the people
have not know about LGBT but it’s not make it sensational. LGBT is doing silent and limited
since, there are television and internetnowadays, the information about LGBT spread widely
to the world. According to islam religion LGBT is not be permitted and forbidden. In
American, LGBT is permitted as woman like woman, and man like man because in there,
have not religion based on al qur’an. So majority human in there is be free. There are many
case in Indonesian, as artist (SJ) like man where as he is very understand so LGBT, about
islam are the in the world.

LGBT is as not good health we must be sympaty and ampty to help cure The cauntry also
give a protection for a people. Partially community considered follow teaching misquided.
However they is fellow human and citizen that reserve the right get protection law and flavor
secure. LGBT can be cause a people disease HIV AIDS. LGBT also as seks digress.

LGBT in according to health is inflluential in the soul or as category ODMK (people with
problem health soul) who in UU.No. 18 2014 years. The ODMK have problem physical,
mental, social, growth, development life so that experience risk disruption soul.