Foreword

The primary purpose of the three volumes of the lnternational

Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual is to assist States
in meeting their own search and rescue (SAR) needs and the obligations
they accepted under the Convention on lnternational Civil Aviation, the
lnternational Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue, and the
lnternational Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). These
volumes provide guidelines for a common aviation and maritime
approach to organizing and providing SAR services. States are
encouraged to develop and improve their SAR services, to co-operate
with neighbouring States and to consider their SAR services to be part
of a global SAR system.
Each IAMSAR Manual volume is written with specific SAR system duties
in mind, and can be used as a stand-alone document, or, in conjunction
with the other two volumes, as a means to attain a full view of the SAR
system.
o The Organization and Management volume (volume l) discusses the
global SAR system concept, establishment and improvement of
national and regional SAR systems, and co-operation with neighbour-
ing States to provide effective and economical SAR services;
o The Mission Co-ordination volume (volume ll) assists personnel who
plan and co-ordinate SAR operations and exercises; and
o The Mobile Facilities volume (volume Ill) is intended to be carried
aboard rescue units, aircraft, and vessels to help with performance of
a search, rescue, or on-scene co-ordinator function and with aspects
of SAR that pertain to their own emergencies.
This Manual is published jointly by the International Civil Aviation
Organization and the lnternational Maritime Organization.
Since it was published in 1998, this volume has been amended by the
2001 amendments (adopted by ICAO and by the IMO Maritime Safety
Committee at its seventy-fourth session in June 2001, and entered into
force on 1 July 2OO2), by the 2002 amendments (adopted by ICAO
and by the seventy-fifth session of the IMO Committee in May 2002,
and entered into force on 1 July 2003), by the 2003 amendments
(adopted by ICAO and by the seventy-seventh session of the IMO
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Section 3 - On-Scene Co-ordination

Planning and Conducting the Search

Ceneral 3-14
Responsibilities of OSC.. 3-14
Planning the Search
Datum 3-j 5
Visual Search 3-18
Track Spacing 3-18
Searching Speed (y)... ...... 3-2O
Search Area (A)......... 3-20
Search Patterns
Expanding Square Search (SS)........ 3-21
Sector Search (VS) ....... 3-22
Track Line Search (TS)... 3-25
Parallel Sweep Search (PS) ....... 3-26
Contour Search (OS) 3-29
Co-ordinated Vessel-Aircraft Search Pattern 3-29
lnitiation of Search 3-30
Restricted Visibility........... 3-31
Radar Search 332
Land Search Patterns 3-32
Visual Cround Search 3-33
SAR Briefing, Debriefing, and Tasking......... 3-34
Further Action on Completion of lnitial Phase 3-34
Navigational lnaccuracies of Searching Ships 3-35
Evidence of Distressed Craft Found 3-35
Manoeuvring lnstructions 3-36
Survival and Emergency Radio Equipment.......... 3-37
Conclusion of Search
Search Unsuccessful ....... 3-39
Search Successful........... 3-41

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